Reliability and validity of an internalizing symptom scale based on the adolescent and adult Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA).
paper
Primary
Public
- Authors
- Acion, Laura; Kramer, John; Liu, Xiangtao; Chan, Grace; Langbehn, Douglas; Bucholz, Kathleen; McCutcheon, Vivia; Hesselbrock, Victor; Schuckit, Marc; Dick, Danielle; Hesselbrock, Michie; Kuperman, Samuel
- Year
- 2019
- Journal
- The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse
- PMID
- 29870277
- DOI
- 10.1080/00952990.2018.1476520
- PMCID
- PMC6481182
BACKGROUND: The Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) is an interview that assesses psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses, including substance use disorders and anxiety and mood (i.e., internalizing) disorders. Although the SSAGA is widely used, there exists no overall internalizing characteristics scale based on items drawn from SSAGA's mood and anxiety disorder sections. OBJECTIVES: To design and assess a SSAGA-based measurement instrument capturing the overall internalizing dimension that underlies more specific internalizing conditions. METHODS: We developed, assessed, and characterized a new scale for measuring internalizing problematic characteristics derived from the SSAGA interview. All samples were drawn from the Collaborative Studies on the Genetics of Alcoholism, a prospective multi-site genetic study of families at high risk for alcohol use disorders. All participants taking part in the study between September 2005 and September 2017 were eligible (nΒ =Β 904, 52.2% female). RESULTS: The scale had adequate internal consistency (ordinal Ξ±Β =Β 0.85, 95% CIΒ =Β [0.81, 0.89]). Construct validity was supported by its association with other measures of internalizing characteristics (Internalizing Scale from Achenbach Self Reports; Neuroticism Scale from the Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Personality Inventory). Several indices of alcohol, marijuana, and nicotine misuse were also positively associated with Internalizing Scale scores. CONCLUSIONS: The Internalizing Scale has very good psychometric properties and can be used in studies that incorporate the SSAGA interview to study the association between internalizing characteristics and problematic alcohol and other substance use. These associations can potentially be utilized to identify individuals at risk for substance problems and to design treatments targeting such individuals.
Distribution of the Internalizing Scale score in the validation sample. SD: standard deviation. Q1: First quartile. Q3: Third quartile.
LLM interpretation
This is a histogram showing the distribution of Internalizing Scale scores for a validation sample of $n=723$. The y-axis represents the percentage of the sample, and the x-axis represents the scale score. The data is heavily right-skewed, with the majority of participants scoring 0 (approximately 60%) and a mean score of 1.32.
1β20 of 34
Next β
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| Achenbach Internalizing Scale local | phenotype |
| addiction | phenotype |
| Adolescent members local | cohort |
| adolescents | cohort |
| Adult Achenbach Internalizing Scale local | phenotype |
| adults | cohort |
| adult substance initiation local | phenotype |
| aggression | phenotype |
| agoraphobia | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| alcohol use disorders | phenotype |
| anxiety | phenotype |
| anxiety symptoms | phenotype |
| AUD | phenotype |
| Collaborative Studies on the Genetics of Alcoholism | cohort |
| Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) | cohort |
| conduct disorder | phenotype |
| depression | phenotype |
| depressive symptoms | phenotype |
| Desires for Alcohol Questionnaire local | phenotype |
| Desires for Alcohol Questionnaire total score local | phenotype |
| development sample local | cohort |
| Development sample local | cohort |
| Development subsample local | cohort |
| drug | drug |
| drug dependence | phenotype |
| drugs | drug |
| DSM5 AUD diagnosis local | phenotype |
| early internalizing characteristics local | phenotype |
| externalizing disorders | phenotype |
| female individuals | cohort |
| heritability | phenotype |
| hostility | phenotype |
| impulsivity | phenotype |
| internalizing characteristics | phenotype |
| internalizing construct local | phenotype |
| internalizing disorders | phenotype |
| internalizing domain | phenotype |
| Internalizing Scale local | phenotype |
| Internalizing Scale (Achenbach) local | phenotype |
| Internalizing Scale (development) local | phenotype |
| Internalizing Scale score local | phenotype |
| Internalizing Scale (SSAGA) local | phenotype |
| Internalizing Scale total score local | phenotype |
| INT Scale scores local | phenotype |
| major depressive disorder | phenotype |
| mania | phenotype |
| marijuana | phenotype |
| marijuana dependence | phenotype |
| marijuana use disorder | phenotype |
| Marijuana use disorder symptoms local | phenotype |
| mood disorders | phenotype |
| neuroticism | phenotype |
| Neuroticism-Extraversion-Openness Five-Factor Personality Inventory local | cohort |
| Neuroticism Subscale local | phenotype |
| Neuroticism Subscale (Five-Factor Personality Inventory) local | phenotype |
| nicotine | drug |
| nicotine dependence | phenotype |
| Nicotine use disorder symptoms local | phenotype |
| novelty seeking | phenotype |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | phenotype |
| other substances | phenotype |
| panic disorder | phenotype |
| Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | phenotype |
| Problematic alcohol and substance use local | phenotype |
| Problematic substance use | phenotype |
| psychosis | phenotype |
| relapse after substance treatment local | phenotype |
| serious physical illness | phenotype |
| sex | phenotype |
| social phobia | phenotype |
| specific anxiety diagnoses local | phenotype |
| specific mood diagnoses local | phenotype |
| SSAGA | cohort |
| SSAGA-based Internalizing Scale local | phenotype |
| SSAGA Internalizing Scale local | phenotype |
| SSAGA interview local | cohort |
| stressful life events | phenotype |
| substance use | phenotype |
| suicide | phenotype |
| validation sample | cohort |
| Validation subsample local | cohort |
| Withdrawal/negative affect local | phenotype |
| Young adult members local | cohort |
| Youth Achenbach Internalizing Scale local | phenotype |
| Youth and Adult Achenbach Self Reports local | cohort |
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| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| High Polygenic Risk Scores Are Associated With Early Age of Onset of Alcohol Use Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults at Risk. | 2022 | 36324664 |
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