Differential susceptibility to parenting among African American youths: testing the DRD4 hypothesis.
- Authors
- Beach, Steven R H; Brody, Gene H; Lei, Man-Kit; Philibert, Robert A
- Year
- 2010
- Journal
- Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43)
- PMID
- 20954761
- DOI
- 10.1037/a0020835
- PMCID
- PMC2958690
To test the differential susceptibility to parenting hypothesis, a 4-wave, randomized prevention design was used to examine the impact of the Strong African American Families program on past-month substance use across 29 months as a function of DRD4 genotype. Youths (N = 337; M age = 11.65 years) were assigned randomly to treatment condition. Those carrying a 7-repeat allele showed greater differential response to intervention vs. control than those with two 4-repeat alleles. Control youths but not treatment youths with a 7-repeat allele reported increases in past-month substance use across the 29-month study period, but this pattern did not emerge for those with the 4-repeat allele. Supporting the differential susceptibility to parenting hypothesis, the results suggest a greater preventive effect for youths carrying a 7-repeat allele, a role for DRD4 in the escalation of substance use during adolescence, and potential for an enhanced understanding of early-onset substance use.
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