A META-ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND MEDICATION FOR CHILD OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER: MODERATORS OF TREATMENT EFFICACY, RESPONSE, AND REMISSION.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- McGuire, Joseph F; Piacentini, John; Lewin, Adam B; Brennan, Erin A; Murphy, Tanya K; Storch, Eric A
- Year
- 2015
- Journal
- Depression and anxiety
- PMID
- 26130211
- DOI
- 10.1002/da.22389
- PMCID
- PMC4515191
BACKGROUND: Individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) for the treatment of youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Although meta-analyses have confirmed these results, there has been minimal examination of treatment moderators or an examination of treatment response and symptom/diagnostic remission for these two treatment types. The present report examined the treatment efficacy, treatment response, and symptom/diagnostic remission for youth with OCD receiving either CBT or SRIs relative to comparison conditions, and examined treatment moderators. METHOD: A comprehensive literature search identified 20 RCTs that met inclusion criteria, and produced a sample size of 507 CBT participants and 789 SRI participants. RESULTS: Random effects meta-analyses of CBT trials found large treatment effects for treatment efficacy (g = 1.21), treatment response (relative risk [RR] = 3.93), and symptom/diagnostic remission (RR = 5.40). Greater co-occurring anxiety disorders, therapeutic contact, and lower treatment attrition were associated with greater CBT effects. The number needed to treat (NNT) was three for treatment response and symptom/diagnostic remission. Random effects meta-analyses of SRI trials found a moderate treatment effect for treatment efficacy (g = 0.50), treatment response (RR = 1.80), and symptom/diagnostic remission (RR = 2.06). Greater methodological quality was associated with a lower treatment response for SRI trials. The NNT was five for treatment response and symptom/diagnostic remission. CONCLUSIONS: Findings demonstrate the treatment effects for CBT and SRIs across three important outcome metrics, and provide evidence for moderators of CBT across trials.
Study Selection and Rationale For Exclusion.
Forest plots of treatment efficacy in CBT trials (A) and SRI trials (B)
Forest plots of treatment response in CBT trials (A) and SRI trials (B)
Forest plots of symptom/diagnostic remission in CBT trials (A) and SRI trials (B)
β Prev
21β34 of 34
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| active comparison condition local | cohort |
| active comparison trials local | cohort |
| active-comparison trials local | cohort |
| Active treatment attrition local | phenotype |
| active treatment condition local | cohort |
| ADHD | phenotype |
| adolescents | cohort |
| adults | cohort |
| anxiety | phenotype |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | phenotype |
| Behavioral Experiments local | drug |
| CBT participants local | cohort |
| children | cohort |
| Clinically meaningful response local | phenotype |
| clomipramine local | drug |
| Clomipramine local | drug |
| CMA local | cohort |
| CMI local | drug |
| CMI trials local | cohort |
| Cognitive behavioral therapy | drug |
| Cognitive Therapy local | drug |
| Combined Randomized Controlled Trials local | cohort |
| comparison condition local | cohort |
| control conditions local | cohort |
| CT local | drug |
| CTD local | phenotype |
| depression | phenotype |
| Desipramine | drug |
| diagnostic remittance local | phenotype |
| dysthymia | phenotype |
| ERP | phenotype |
| Exposure and response prevention | drug |
| Exposures local | drug |
| Exposure Sessions local | drug |
| Exposure with response prevention local | drug |
| fluoxetine | drug |
| fluvoxamine local | drug |
| generalized anxiety disorder | phenotype |
| homework compliance local | phenotype |
| major depressive disorder | phenotype |
| medication adherence local | phenotype |
| methodological quality local | phenotype |
| Methodological Quality local | phenotype |
| non-active comparison condition local | cohort |
| non-active comparison trials local | cohort |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | phenotype |
| Obsessive-compulsive severity | phenotype |
| OCD | phenotype |
| oppositional defiant disorder | phenotype |
| panic disorder | phenotype |
| paroxetine | drug |
| Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder local | phenotype |
| Placebo-controlled trial local | cohort |
| RCTs | cohort |
| Relaxation training local | drug |
| remission | phenotype |
| selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors | drug |
| separation anxiety disorder | phenotype |
| Serotonin reuptake inhibitors | drug |
| sertraline | drug |
| social phobia | phenotype |
| SRI medication local | drug |
| SRI participants local | cohort |
| SRI trials local | cohort |
| SSRI trials local | cohort |
| symptom/diagnostic remission local | phenotype |
| Symptom/diagnostic remission local | phenotype |
| Symptom/Diagnostic Remission local | phenotype |
| symptom remission | phenotype |
| symptom remittance local | phenotype |
| Symptoms/diagnostic remission local | phenotype |
| symptom severity | phenotype |
| Therapeutic Contact local | phenotype |
| Therapeutic contact hours local | phenotype |
| tics | phenotype |
| Tourette syndrome/Chronic Tic Disorder local | phenotype |
| Tourette Syndrome / Chronic Tic Disorder local | phenotype |
| Treatment-as-usual local | drug |
| Treatment Attrition local | phenotype |
| treatment efficacy | phenotype |
| treatment response | phenotype |
| TS/CTD local | phenotype |
| Waitlist local | drug |
| youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder local | cohort |
| Youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder local | cohort |
| Youth with OCD local | cohort |
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
In this knowledge base
| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| Post-GWAS in Psychiatric Genetics: A Developmental Perspective on the "Other" Next Steps. | 2018 | 29227573 |
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Associations between COVID-19-related stress and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms among adolescents in Southern California. | Luna G et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Black EquaLity in OCD NeuroGenomics (BELONG): Study Protocol. | Williams IJ et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Clinical predictors of treatment resistance to serotonin reuptake inhibitors in obsessive-compulsive disorder: a meta-analysis. | Balachander S et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Comparative study for managing OCD and anxiety symptoms (COSMOS) study: Rationale, design, and methods. | Zhou JX et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Homework adherence in exposure-based CBT for youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder: Clinical outcomes and predictors across treatment. | Pine AE et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Online CBT Versus Standard CBT for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Weidle B et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Polygenic risk scores for pediatric obsessive-compulsive symptoms: Mediating effects in samples clinically diagnosed with mental disorders. | Antonyan L et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Advancing Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Research: Insights from Transgenic Animal Models and Innovative Therapies. | Huang X et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Are the Unified Protocols for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Children and Adolescents as Effective for OCD as for Anxiety and Depression? | Milgram L et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Australian Clinicians' Capabilities, Opportunities, and Motivations in Implementing Exposure and Response Prevention for Youth with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Exploratory Study. | Racz JI et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Concentrated Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Unmedicated Children and Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Routine Clinical Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial With a 6-Month Naturalistic Follow-up. | Hermida-Barros L et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| High intensity approaches to exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Trent ES et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Innovative treatment approaches for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Marazziti D et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Lifetime Potentially Traumatic Events and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Outcomes in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Belschner L et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| McLean OCD Institute for Children and Adolescents: Overview, Rationale, and Description of Symptomatology and Functional Impairment. | Faro AL et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Moderators of Symptom Self-Ratings in Pediatric Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During a Digital Sensor-Assisted Treatment. | Klein CS et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder - A state-of-the-art review. | Endres D et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Polygenic Risk Scores for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms and their Mediating Effect in Clinically Diagnosed Samples of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Anxiety, Depression, Autism and Tic Disorders | Antonyan L et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Potential for Harm in the Treatment of Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Pitfalls and Best Practices. | Trent ES et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| Training Community Clinicians in Implementing CBT-ERP for Youth with OCD: A Pilot Study in Australian Community Mental Health Services. | Racz JI et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| What works for whom in pediatric OCD: description of causally interpretable meta-analysis methods and report on trial data harmonization. | Norris LA et al. | β | 2025 | β |
| A Randomized Controlled Trial of OC-Go for Childhood Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Augmenting Homework Compliance in Exposure With Response Prevention Treatment. | Tuerk PW et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Childhood Anxiety Disorders. | Stiede JT et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Depressive symptoms during deep transcranial magnetic stimulation or sham treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder. | SmΓ‘rason O et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Efficacy and acceptability of cognitive-behavioral therapy and serotonin reuptake inhibitors for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: a network meta-analysis. | Cervin M et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Efficacy of pharmacological treatment in OCD comorbid with tic disorder: Systematic review and meta-analysis. | Jalenques I et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Family-Based Exposure and Response Prevention for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case Study. | Palo A et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Innova4Health: an integrated approach for prevention of recurrence and personalized treatment of Major Depressive Disorder. | Monaco F et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Intensive treatments for children and adolescents with anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. | Ganzevoort COW et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Latin American Trans-ancestry INitiative for OCD genomics (LATINO): Study protocol. | Crowley JJ et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder among individuals of Hispanic and Latin American ancestry: Cultural considerations for assessment and psychotherapy. | Morris OJ et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents. | Stiede JT et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Pediatric Treatment-Resistant Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: Treatment Options and Challenges. | Younus S et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Randomized trial comparing standard versus light intensity parent training for anxious youth. | Storch EA et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Closing the Gap for Children with OCD: A Staged-Care Model of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy with Exposure and Response Prevention. | Farrell LJ et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents with Anxiety Disorders. | Stiede JT et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Spencer SD et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Early Identification and Intervention in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Liu X et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Economic Analyses of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Interventions: A Systematic Review. | Strouphauer ER et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Geospatial Distribution of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Specialists: Understanding Access as a Function of Distance, Insurance Status, and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status. | Oluyomi AO et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Interventions for YoungΒ Children's Mental Health: A Review of Reviews. | Hudson JL et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Multifamily therapy for young people with OCD: An acceptability and satisfaction study. | Kindynis Z et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Predictors and Moderators of Treatment Outcomes for Anxious Children Randomized to Computer-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or Standard Community Care. | SmΓ‘rason O et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Promoting OCD WEllness and resilience (POWER) study: Rationale, design, and methods. | Leuchter JD et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Relationship between Cognitive Strategies of Emotion Regulation and Dimensions of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomatology in Adolescents. | FerrΓ‘ndez-Mas J et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Secondary outcomes of enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (eCBT) for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Wang B et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| The Influence of Medicine Approaches on Patient Trust, Satisfaction, and Loyalty. | Sertan A et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Things that make you go Hmm: Myths and misconceptions within cognitive-behavioral treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Spencer SD et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Webcam-Based Online Coaching with Children and Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders - A Single-Case Study. | Adam J et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| What Is the Added Benefit of Combining Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Youth with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder? A Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling Meta-Analysis. | Mendez EM et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| An overview of the pharmacological options for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Marazziti D et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| An ultra-brief screening scale for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: The OCI-CV-5. | Abramovitch A et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Celecoxib versus placebo as an adjunct to treatment-as-usual in children and youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder: protocol for a single-site randomised quadruple-blind phase II study. | Westwell-Roper C et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Comparing the efficacy of pharmacological and psychological treatment, alone and in combination, in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A network meta-analysis. | Tao Y et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Efficacy of D-cycloserine augmented brief intensive cognitive-behavioural therapy for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: A randomised clinical trial. | Farrell LJ et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Efficacy of group cognitive-behavioral therapy in adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | Bortoncello CF et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Extended treatment of multimodal cognitive behavioral therapy in children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder improves symptom reduction: a within-subject design. | Adam J et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| FAST CBT for pediatric OCD: A multiple-baseline controlled pilot trial of parent training in exposure and response prevention delivered <i>via</i> telehealth. | Farrell LJ et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Impact of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Comorbidity on Phenomenology and Treatment Outcomes of Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Efe A et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Obsessive compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic: A brief review of course, psychological assessment and treatment considerations. | Maye CE et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Provider perceptions of telehealth and in-person exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Wiese AD et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| The Efficacy and Neural Correlates of ERP-based Therapy for OCD & TS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. | Yan J et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Age moderated-anxiety mediation for multimodal treatment outcome among children with obsessive-compulsive disorder: An evaluation with correspondence analysis. | Kim SK et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Beyond Efficacy and Effectiveness: Clinical Efficiency Is Necessary for Dissemination. | De Nadai AS et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Challenges in the Diagnosis and Assessment in Patients with Tourette Syndrome and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Szejko N et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: 2021 Update. | Van Noppen B et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Cognitive behavioural therapy with exposure and response prevention in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. | Reid JE et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Editorial: Efficacy of Psychological and Psychiatric Treatments and Potential Predictors in Social Anxiety Disorder and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Pozza A | β | 2021 | β |
| Effects of Treatment Setting on Outcomes of Flexibly-Dosed Intensive Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Pediatric OCD: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. | Selles RR et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Efficacy and acceptability of pharmacological, psychosocial, and brain stimulation interventions in children and adolescents with mental disorders: an umbrella review. | Correll CU et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Harmonizing the Neurobiology and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Goodman WK et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on exposure and response prevention outcomes in adults and youth with obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Storch EA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Improving Delivery Behaviors During Exposure for Pediatric OCD: A Multiple Baseline Training Trial With Community Therapists. | Benito KG et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Integrating elements of teddy bear therapy into cognitive behavioral therapy for a child with obsessive-compulsive disorder: A case study. | Harris O et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder: a feasibility study. | Hollmann K et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Knowledge and competency standards for specialized cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Piacentini J et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Moderators and predictors of response to deep transcranial magnetic stimulation for obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Storch EA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Moderators of Outcome for Youth Anxiety Treatments: Current Findings and Future Directions. | Norris LA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Moderators of Psychosocial Treatment for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Summary and Recommendations for Future Directions. | Kemp J et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Overcoming barriers in cognitive-behavioral therapy for youth anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder: Addressing parent behaviors. | Chiappini EA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Perceptions of Deep Brain Stimulation for Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Weinzimmer SA et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Predictors of Parental Accommodation and Response Treatment in Young Children With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Rosa-AlcΓ‘zar Γ et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Psychoeducation focused on family accommodation: a practical intervention for parents of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Demaria F et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Specialty knowledge and competency standards for pharmacotherapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Weidle B et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| The Impact of Cognitive-Behavioral Group Psycho-Education Program on Psychological Resilience, Irrational Beliefs, and Well-Being. | Εahin H et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| The moderating effect of age on the associations of cognitive and metacognitive beliefs with pediatric OCD symptoms. | Rizvi M et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| A meta-analysis of dropout rates from exposure with response prevention and pharmacological treatment for youth with obsessive compulsive disorder. | Johnco C et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Clinical significance of family accommodation and parental psychological distress in a sample of children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder aged 8-17 years old. | Pontillo M et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Cost-Effectiveness of Treatment Alternatives for Treatment-Refractory Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Gregory ST et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Ethnicity moderates outcome in family focused treatment for pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder. | Peris TS et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Feasibility, Acceptability, and Effectiveness of Enhanced Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (eCBT) for Children and Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Protocol for an Open Trial and Therapeutic Intervention. | Wolters LH et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Inflated Responsibility Beliefs in Paediatric OCD: Exploring the Role of Parental Rearing and Child Age. | Mathieu SL et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Little Doubt That CBT Works for Pediatric OCD. | Storch EA et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Optimizing behavior therapy for youth with Tourette's disorder. | McGuire JF et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Predictors of treatment outcome for youth receiving intensive residential treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). | HΓΈjgaard DRMA et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Psychological, addictive, and health behavior implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. | Zvolensky MJ et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Serious negative consequences associated with exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A survey of therapist attitudes and experiences. | Schneider SC et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Symptom Trajectories of Early Responders and Remitters among Youth with OCD. | Rech M et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents. | Uhre CF et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Temporal precedence of the change in obsessive-compulsive symptoms and change in depressive symptoms during exposure and response prevention for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorders. | Bakhshaie J et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Treatment Gains Are Sustainable in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Three-Year Follow-Up From the NordLOTS. | Melin K et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Trichotillomania is more related to Tourette disorder than to obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Lamothe H et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy of Internet cognitive behavioral therapy (iCBT) for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: a systematic review. | Babiano-Espinosa L et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| A Method to Provoke Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms for Basic Research and Clinical Interventions. | Tendler A et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| An Inhibitory Learning Approach to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents. | McGuire JF et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Caudate volume differences among treatment responders, non-responders and controls in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Vattimo EFQ et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Defining Treatment Outcomes in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using a Self-Report Scale. | McGuire JF et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Development and psychometric evaluation of the Mandarin Chinese version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale - Second Edition. | Zhang CC et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Does Family Accommodation Predict Outcome of Concentrated Exposure and Response Prevention for Adolescents? | Riise EN et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Fear extinction learning as a predictor of response to cognitive behavioral therapy for pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder. | Geller DA et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Improvement in anxiety and depression symptoms following cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric obsessive compulsive disorder. | Rozenman M et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Moderators and predictors of outcomes in telephone delivered compared to face-to-face cognitive behaviour therapy for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: preliminary evidence from a non-inferiority RCT. | Nair A et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Stein DJ et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Sudden gains in cognitive behavioral therapy among children and adolescents with obsessive compulsive disorder. | Storch EA et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Symptom Dimension Response in Children and Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | McGuire JF et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| An Initial Case Series of Intensive Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. | Iniesta-SepΓΊlveda M et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| A solid majority remit following evidence-based OCD treatments: a 3-year naturalistic outcome study in pediatric OCD. | Melin K et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Client feedback in psychological therapy for children and adolescents with mental health problems. | Bergman H et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Comparing OCD-affected youth with and without religious symptoms: Clinical profiles and treatment response. | Wu MS et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| D-Cycloserine augmentation of cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric OCD: Predictors and moderators of outcome. | Wilhelm S et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Editorial Perspective: Exposures in cognitive behavior therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: addressing common clinician concerns. | McGuire JF et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders and Comorbid Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review of the Research. | Kose LK et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Evidence Base Update of Psychosocial Treatments for Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Evaluating, Improving, and Transporting What Works. | Freeman J et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| From Treatment Response to Recovery: A Realistic Goal in OCD. | Burchi E et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Increasing Availability of Exposure Therapy Through Intensive Group Treatment for Childhood Anxiety and OCD. | Whiteside SPH et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Moderators and predictors of response to cognitive behaviour therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review. | Turner C et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| New Directions in the Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of OCD: Theory, Research, and Practice. | Abramowitz JS et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Obsessive-compulsive disorder after therapy for an optic pathway glioma. | Guzman D et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Post-GWAS in Psychiatric Genetics: A Developmental Perspective on the "Other" Next Steps. | Dick DM et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Prediction of outcome in internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: A machine learning approach. | Lenhard F et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Preschool-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder with complete remission. | Miyawaki D et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Tic-related obsessiveβcompulsive disorder | Pringsheim T et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| A case study integrating CBT with narrative therapy externalizing techniques with a child with OCD: How to flush away the Silly Gremlin. A single-case experimental design. | Banting R et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| A Meta-Analysis of D-Cycloserine in Exposure-Based Treatment: Moderators of Treatment Efficacy, Response, and Diagnostic Remission. | McGuire JF et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Symptomology in the General Population: Different Subtypes? | Zijlmans J et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Cognitive behavioral therapy practices in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in China. | Liu W et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Cost-effectiveness of therapist-guided internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy for paediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder: results from a randomised controlled trial. | Lenhard F et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Fear conditioning and extinction in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Geller DA et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Glutamate in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Response to Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Randomized Clinical Trial. | O'Neill J et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| [New developments in the psychotherapeutic and pharmacological treatment of pediatric obsessivecompulsive disorder]. | Vloet TD et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Outpatient Treatment of Tic Disorders Among Children and Adults. | Smith JL et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Outpatient Treatment Patterns of Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Smith JL et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Primary Pediatric Care Psychopharmacology: Focus on Medications for ADHD, Depression, and Anxiety. | Strawn JR et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Statewide Implementation of Parenting with Love and Limits Among Youth with Co-Existing Internalizing and Externalizing Functional Impairments Reduces Return to Service Rates and Treatment Costs. | Sterrett-Hong EM et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory-Child Version (OCI-CV): Further Evidence on Confirmatory Factor Analytic Structure, Incremental and Criterion Validity in Italian Community Children and Adolescents. | Pozza A et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Therapist-Guided, Internet-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: AΒ Randomized Controlled Trial. | Lenhard F et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| A Case Report of Harm-Related Obsessions in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Wu MS et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| A meta-analysis of family accommodation and OCD symptom severity. | Wu MS et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Bibliography: Psychiatric Treatment of Children and Adolescents. | β | β | 2016 | β |
| Clinical Considerations to Enhance the Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Treatments for OCD Including Parental Involvement. | Iniesta-SepΓΊlveda M et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Cognitive behavioral and pharmacological treatments of OCD in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. | Γst LG et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Efficacy of Augmentation of Cognitive Behavior Therapy With Weight-Adjusted d-Cycloserine vs Placebo in Pediatric Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial. | Storch EA et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Evidence-Based Assessment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Rapp AM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Extinction learning in childhood anxiety disorders, obsessive compulsive disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder: implications for treatment. | McGuire JF et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Internet-delivered cognitive behavior therapy for children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. | Vigerland S et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| "On My Own, but Not Alone" - Adolescents' Experiences of Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. | Lenhard F et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Outcome of multidisciplinary, CBT-focused treatment for pediatric OCD. | Kay B et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Predictors of treatment response to group cognitive behavioural therapy for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder. | Lavell CH et al. | β | 2016 | β |