Transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.
- Authors
- Elder, Gregory A; Gama Sosa, Miguel A; De Gasperi, Rita
- Year
- 2010
- Journal
- The Mount Sinai journal of medicine, New York
- PMID
- 20101721
- DOI
- 10.1002/msj.20159
- PMCID
- PMC2925685
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of senile dementia in the United States and Europe. At present, there is no effective treatment. Given the disease's prevalence and poor prognosis, the development of animal models has been a high research priority. Transgenic modeling has been pursued on the basis of the amyloid hypothesis and has taken advantage of mutations in the amyloid precursor protein and the presenilins that cause familial forms of Alzheimer's disease. Modeling has been most aggressively pursued in mice, for which the techniques of genetic modification are well developed. Transgenic mouse models now exist that mimic a range of Alzheimer's disease-related pathologies. Although none of the models fully replicates the human disease, the models have contributed significant insights into the pathophysiology of beta-amyloid toxicity, particularly with respect to the effects of different beta-amyloid species and the possible pathogenic role of beta-amyloid oligomers. They have also been widely used in the preclinical testing of potential therapeutic modalities and have played a pivotal role in the development of immunotherapies for Alzheimer's disease that are currently in clinical trials. These models will, without a doubt, continue to play central roles in preclinical testing and be used as tools for developing insights into the biological basis of Alzheimer's disease.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 3xTg-AD local | cohort |
| 3xTg-AD mice local | cohort |
| 5X FAD local | cohort |
| AAB-001 local | drug |
| AD-like pathology local | phenotype |
| AD pathologies local | phenotype |
| AD-type pathology local | phenotype |
| age-related NFT-like inclusions local | phenotype |
| Altered long-term potentiation local | phenotype |
| Alzheimer's disease | phenotype |
| Alzheimer's disease pathology local | phenotype |
| amyloid local | drug |
| Amyloid beta | drug |
| Amyloid-beta | drug |
| Amyloid beta 42 peptide local | drug |
| Amyloid beta peptide local | drug |
| amyloid deposition local | phenotype |
| Amyloid deposition local | phenotype |
| amyloid deposits local | phenotype |
| amyloid plaques | phenotype |
| AN1792 trial local | cohort |
| animal models | cohort |
| anti‑Aβ antibodies local | drug |
| anti-Aβ titers local | drug |
| apoE | gene |
| APOE ε4 | gene |
| apolipoprotein ε4 knockout mice local | cohort |
| apolipoprotein ε4 transgenic mice local | cohort |
| APP | gene |
| APP23 local | cohort |
| APP-Dutch local | variant |
| APP-Dutch mice local | cohort |
| APP-Dutch/PS1 mice local | cohort |
| APP FAD mutant mice local | cohort |
| APP-Indiana local | variant |
| APP knock-in mice local | cohort |
| APP London local | variant |
| APP Swedish local | variant |
| APP-Swedish local | variant |
| APP transgenic mice local | cohort |
| astrocytes | phenotype |
| autoimmune meningoencephalitis local | phenotype |
| axonal swellings local | phenotype |
| Aβ40 local | drug |
| Aβ42 local | drug |
| Aβ*56 local | drug |
| Aβ accumulation | phenotype |
| Aβ domain local | drug |
| Aβ vaccination local | drug |
| bapineuzumab local | drug |
| behavioral changes local | phenotype |
| behavioral deficits | phenotype |
| behavioral phenotypes | phenotype |
| brain | anatomy |
| BRI local | gene |
| BRI-Aβ40 transgenic mice local | cohort |
| BRI-Aβ42 transgenic mice local | cohort |
| C57BL6/DBA/Swiss-Webster background local | cohort |
| C57BL6/SJL background local | cohort |
| Caenorhabditis elegans | cohort |
| caloric restriction | phenotype |
| central nervous system | anatomy |
| cerebral hemorrhage | phenotype |
| chromosome 14 locus local | cohort |
| chromosome 1 locus local | cohort |
| cognition | phenotype |
| cognitive decline | phenotype |
| Compact plaques local | phenotype |
| Congophilic angiopathy local | phenotype |
| Congo red local | drug |
| cornu ammonis 1 local | anatomy |
| cortex | anatomy |
| Corticobasal degeneration local | phenotype |
| death | phenotype |
| dementia | phenotype |
| Dense cored plaques local | phenotype |
| dentate gyrus | anatomy |
| diffuse deposits local | phenotype |
| Diffuse deposits local | phenotype |
| Down syndrome | phenotype |
| Drosophila melanogaster | cohort |
| dystrophic neurites local | phenotype |
| Dystrophic neurites local | phenotype |
| E693G/Arctic local | variant |
| E693G/Arctic/APP-Swedish/APP-Indiana mice local | cohort |
| E693Q local | variant |
| early age of onset | phenotype |
| early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease local | phenotype |
| early-stage tau pathology local | phenotype |
| Elan/Wyeth trial local | cohort |
| electro-physiological changes local | phenotype |
| Electrophysiological changes local | phenotype |
| endogenous gene local | gene |
| entorhinal cortex | anatomy |
| environmental enrichment | drug |
| exercise local | drug |
| Exonic point mutations local | variant |
| fAD | gene |
| FAD-associated mutation local | variant |
| FAD mutant local | variant |
| FAD mutation local | variant |
| FAD mutations local | variant |
| Frontotemporal dementias local | phenotype |
| FTDP-17 local | phenotype |
| FVB/N background local | cohort |
| Giant plaques local | phenotype |
| gliosis | phenotype |
| hemizygous local | phenotype |
| heterologous promoter local | drug |
| hippocampal damage | phenotype |
| hippocampus | anatomy |
| Human Alzheimer's disease local | phenotype |
| human Aβ local | drug |
| human FAD local | phenotype |
| hyperphosphorylated tau | drug |
| Hyperphosphorylated tau local | variant |
| impaired hippocampal neurogenesis local | phenotype |
| Intronic mutations local | variant |
| JPNL3 local | cohort |
| kainate | drug |
| learning and memory performance local | phenotype |
| Learning defects local | phenotype |
| limbic system | anatomy |
| lipid peroxidation | phenotype |
| M146V local | variant |
| m266 local | drug |
| Mapt | gene |
| memory | phenotype |
| metal chelators local | drug |
| mice | cohort |
| microglial activation | phenotype |
| microvascular pathology local | phenotype |
| mouse APP local | gene |
| mouse Aβ local | drug |
| Mutant tau local | variant |
| natural products local | drug |
| neocortex | anatomy |
| neuritic plaques | phenotype |
| Neurochemical changes local | phenotype |
| neurofibrillary tangles | phenotype |
| neuronal loss | phenotype |
| Neuropathological changes local | phenotype |
| neuropathology local | phenotype |
| NFT-like inclusions local | phenotype |
| P301L local | variant |
| parenchyma local | anatomy |
| Parenchymal amyloid deposition local | phenotype |
| Parenchymal deposits local | phenotype |
| Parenchymal plaques local | phenotype |
| parental presenilin lines local | cohort |
| pathology | phenotype |
| pathophysiological changes local | phenotype |
| PDAPP local | cohort |
| PDAPP mice local | cohort |
| PDGF | drug |
| PDGF24 local | drug |
| PDGF promoter local | drug |
| perforant path | anatomy |
| Pick’s disease local | phenotype |
| plaque | phenotype |
| plaque amyloid local | phenotype |
| Plaque burden local | phenotype |
| plaque deposits local | phenotype |
| plaque pathology local | phenotype |
| Plaque pathology local | phenotype |
| plasma Aβ local | drug |
| presenilin | gene |
| progressive supranuclear palsy | phenotype |
| protein oxidation | phenotype |
| PrP local | drug |
| PS1 | gene |
| PS1/APP bigenic mice local | cohort |
| PS1 FAD mutant local | variant |
| PS1 FAD mutant line local | cohort |
| PS1 FAD mutant lines local | cohort |
| PS1 FAD mutant mice local | cohort |
| PS1 knock-in line local | cohort |
| PS1 transgenic mouse model local | cohort |
| PS2 FAD mutant lines local | cohort |
| PSEN1 | gene |
| PSEN1 L235P local | variant |
| PSEN1 M233T local | variant |
| PSEN1 ΔE9 local | variant |
| PSEN2 | gene |
| rats | cohort |
| Saline-injected controls local | cohort |
| senile plaques | phenotype |
| Soluble Aβ species local | drug |
| spatial memory | phenotype |
| spine morphology impairment local | phenotype |
| statins | drug |
| Swedish FAD mutation local | variant |
| Swedish mutation | variant |
| synapse loss | phenotype |
| synaptic dysfunction | phenotype |
| synaptic loss local | phenotype |
| synaptic plasticity impairment local | phenotype |
| tangle pathology local | phenotype |
| TAPP local | cohort |
| tau-null mice local | cohort |
| tau pathology | phenotype |
| Tg2576 local | cohort |
| Tg2576 mice local | cohort |
| TgCRND8 local | cohort |
| thioflavin-S | drug |
| Thioflavin-S–positive plaques local | phenotype |
| total cholesterol | phenotype |
| transgene local | variant |
| transgenic mice | cohort |
| transgenic mouse models local | cohort |
| transgenic protein local | drug |
| trimethyltin local | drug |
| V717F local | variant |
| vascular amyloid local | phenotype |
| vascular amyloid deposition local | phenotype |
| Vascular amyloid deposition local | phenotype |
| volume loss local | phenotype |
| wild-type APP local | variant |
| Wild-type APP mice local | cohort |
| wine | drug |
| α-secretase local | drug |
| β-amyloid peptide local | drug |
| β-secretase | drug |
| γ-secretase | drug |
| γ-secretase activity local | drug |
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| Establishment of an Alzheimer's disease model with latent herpesvirus infection using PS2 and Tg2576 double transgenic mice. | Tanaka S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Genetics of Alcohol Use Disorder: A Role for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells? | Prytkova I et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Intranasally Administered S100A9 Amyloids Induced Cellular Stress, Amyloid Seeding, and Behavioral Impairment in Aged Mice. | Iashchishyn IA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Metabotropic glutamate receptors: the potential for therapeutic applications in Alzheimer's disease. | Caraci F et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Microglia-derived extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's Disease: A double-edged sword. | Trotta T et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| MicroRNA Profiling in Aging Brain of PSEN1/PSEN2 Double Knockout Mice. | Ham S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Mouse models of neurodegenerative disease: preclinical imaging and neurovascular component. | Albanese S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Pathophysiology in the comorbidity of Bipolar Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease: pharmacological and stem cell approaches. | Corrêa-Velloso JC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Stem cells: a promising candidate to treat neurological disorders. | Song CG et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| <sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET Detects Drastic Changes in Brain Metabolism in the Tg4-42 Model of Alzheimer's Disease. | Bouter C et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Treating Cocaine Addiction, Obesity, and Emotional Disorders by Viral Gene Transfer of Butyrylcholinesterase. | Brimijoin S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| An ultra-high field strength MR image-guided robotic needle delivery system for in-bore small animal interventions. | Gravett M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Assessment of Spontaneous Alternation, Novel Object Recognition and Limb Clasping in Transgenic Mouse Models of Amyloid-β and Tau Neuropathology. | Miedel CJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Axonal and myelinic pathology in 5xFAD Alzheimer's mouse spinal cord. | Chu TH et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Characterization of an 'Amyloid Only' Transgenic (B6C3-Tg(APPswe,PSEN1dE9)85Dbo/Mmjax) Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. | Finnie GS et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Comparative study of the transfection efficiency of commonly used viral vectors in rhesus monkey (<i>Macaca mulatta</i>) brains. | Wu SH et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Hippocampal GABAergic Inhibitory Interneurons. | Pelkey KA et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Impact of enriched environment on production of tau, amyloid precursor protein and, amyloid-β peptide in high-fat and high-sucrose-fed rats. | Selvi Y et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Impact of high iron intake on cognition and neurodegeneration in humans and in animal models: a systematic review. | Agrawal S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Investigation of the Safety of Focused Ultrasound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in a Natural Canine Model of Aging. | O'Reilly MA et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Magnetoencephalography as a Tool in Psychiatric Research: Current Status and Perspective. | Uhlhaas PJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Neuronally-directed effects of RXR activation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. | Mariani MM et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Neuroprotective effects of bajijiasu against cognitive impairment induced by amyloid-β in APP/PS1 mice. | Cai H et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Neurovascular Specifications in the Alzheimer-Like Brain of Mice Affected by Focal Cerebral Ischemia: Implications for Future Therapies. | Michalski D et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Of Mice and Men: Comparative Analysis of Neuro-Inflammatory Mechanisms in Human and Mouse Using Cause-and-Effect Models. | Kodamullil AT et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Potential of GPCRs to modulate MAPK and mTOR pathways in Alzheimer's disease. | Franco R et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Review: Neuropathology and behavioural features of transgenic murine models of Alzheimer's disease. | Ameen-Ali KE et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Role of Copper in the Onset of Alzheimer's Disease Compared to Other Metals. | Bagheri S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Targeting Neural Hyperactivity as a Treatment to Stem Progression of Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. | Haberman RP et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Tau accumulation in the retina promotes early neuronal dysfunction and precedes brain pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. | Chiasseu M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| The contribution of transgenic and nontransgenic animal models in Alzheimer's disease drug research and development. | Mhillaj E et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid Amyloid Beta and Tau Concentrations Are Not Modulated by 16 Weeks of Moderate- to High-Intensity Physical Exercise in Patients with Alzheimer Disease. | Steen Jensen C et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Cerebrovascular pathology during the progression of experimental Alzheimer's disease. | Giannoni P et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Development of Cerebral Microbleeds in the APP23-Transgenic Mouse Model of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-A 9.4 Tesla MRI Study. | Reuter B et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Effect of mouse strain as a background for Alzheimer's disease models on the clearance of amyloid-β. | Qosa H et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Experimental models of Alzheimer's disease for deciphering the pathogenesis and therapeutic screening (Review). | Li X et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Gene Therapy Models of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias. | Combs B et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Intracerebroventricular Injection of Amyloid-β Peptides in Normal Mice to Acutely Induce Alzheimer-like Cognitive Deficits. | Kim HY et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Rapid and simple method for in vivo ex utero development of mouse embryo explants. | Gonçalves AB et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Toxin-Induced Experimental Models of Learning and Memory Impairment. | More SV et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Amyloid-beta: a crucial factor in Alzheimer's disease. | Sadigh-Eteghad S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Amyloid-β pathology is attenuated by tauroursodeoxycholic acid treatment in APP/PS1 mice after disease onset. | Dionísio PA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Animal models for prion-like diseases. | Fernández-Borges N et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Being human: The role of pluripotent stem cells in regenerative medicine and humanizing Alzheimer's disease models. | Sproul AA | — | 2015 | → |
| Compensatory mechanisms in genetic models of neurodegeneration: are the mice better than humans? | Kreiner G | — | 2015 | → |
| Dissecting Alzheimer disease in Down syndrome using mouse models. | Choong XY et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Impaired APP activity and altered Tau splicing in embryonic stem cell-derived astrocytes obtained from an APPsw transgenic minipig. | Hall VJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Loss of GPR3 reduces the amyloid plaque burden and improves memory in Alzheimer's disease mouse models. | Huang Y et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Memory formation and retention are affected in adult miR-132/212 knockout mice. | Hernandez-Rapp J et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Metabolic profiling of a transgenic <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> Alzheimer model. | Van Assche R et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Metabolic Risk Factors of Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease: Implications in the Pathology, Pathogenesis and Treatment. | Chakrabarti S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Oxidative Stress during the Progression of β-Amyloid Pathology in the Neocortex of the Tg2576 Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. | Porcellotti S et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Systematic Aβ Analysis in Drosophila Reveals High Toxicity for the 1-42, 3-42 and 11-42 Peptides, and Emphasizes N- and C-Terminal Residues. | Jonson M et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| T1rho MRI and CSF biomarkers in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. | Haris M et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| β-Amyloid: the key peptide in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. | Sun X et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Animal models of dementia and cognitive dysfunction. | Neha et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A review of β-amyloid neuroimaging in Alzheimer's disease. | Adlard PA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Considering a new paradigm for Alzheimer's disease research. | Langley GR | — | 2014 | → |
| Cortical odor processing in health and disease. | Wilson DA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Integrating the molecular and the population approaches to dementia research to help guide the future development of appropriate therapeutics. | Hunter S et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Ocular changes in TgF344-AD rat model of Alzheimer's disease. | Tsai Y et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Retinal manifestations of Alzheimer's disease. | Dehabadi MH et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Using mice to model Alzheimer's dementia: an overview of the clinical disease and the preclinical behavioral changes in 10 mouse models. | Webster SJ et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| An update of animal models of Alzheimer disease with a reevaluation of plaque depositions. | Lee JE et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Comprehensive behavioral characterization of an APP/PS-1 double knock-in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. | Webster SJ et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Drug pipeline in neurodegeneration based on transgenic mice models of Alzheimer's disease. | Li C et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| ER-stress in Alzheimer's disease: turning the scale? | Endres K et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Generation of gene-targeted mice using embryonic stem cells derived from a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. | Yamamoto S et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Multiple low-dose infusions of human umbilical cord blood cells improve cognitive impairments and reduce amyloid-β-associated neuropathology in Alzheimer mice. | Darlington D et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Neurofibrillary tangles and plaques are not accompanied by white matter pathology in aged triple transgenic-Alzheimer disease mice. | Kastyak-Ibrahim MZ et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Observations in THY-Tau22 mice that resemble behavioral and psychological signs and symptoms of dementia. | Van der Jeugd A et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The Guinea Pig as a Model for Sporadic Alzheimer's Disease (AD): The Impact of Cholesterol Intake on Expression of AD-Related Genes. | Sharman MJ et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Tissue resident stem cells: till death do us part. | Raveh-Amit H et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Clearance of amyloid-β peptides by microglia and macrophages: the issue of what, when and where. | Lai AY et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Designing phenotyping studies for genetically engineered mice. | Zeiss CJ et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Modeling human neurodegenerative diseases in transgenic systems. | Gama Sosa MA et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Ocular manifestations of Alzheimer's disease in animal models. | Parnell M et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Preclinical studies of potential amyloid binding PET/SPECT ligands in Alzheimer's disease. | Svedberg MM et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| The use of mouse models for understanding the biology of down syndrome and aging. | Vacano GN et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Translational research challenges: finding the right animal models. | Prabhakar S | — | 2012 | → |
| Alzheimer's disease: pathological mechanisms and recent insights. | Niedowicz DM et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Beta-amyloid peptide variants in brains and cerebrospinal fluid from amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice: comparison with human Alzheimer amyloid. | Schieb H et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Hippocampal synaptic plasticity in Alzheimer's disease: what have we learned so far from transgenic models? | Marchetti C et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Insights into Alzheimer disease pathogenesis from studies in transgenic animal models. | Schaeffer EL et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| In vivo olfactory model of APP-induced neurodegeneration reveals a reversible cell-autonomous function. | Cheng N et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Neurobiological aspects of Alzheimer's disease. | Chopra K et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Presenilin mouse and zebrafish models for dementia: focus on neurogenesis. | van Tijn P et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Should EOAD patients be included in clinical trials? | Szigeti K et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Therapeutic interventions targeting Beta amyloid pathogenesis in an aging dog model. | Martin SB et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Therapeutic potential of vaccines for Alzheimer's disease. | Shah S et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Mechanisms of amyloid-Beta Peptide uptake by neurons: the role of lipid rafts and lipid raft-associated proteins. | Lai AY et al. | — | 2010 | → |