Obesity, smoking, and frontal brain dysfunction.
- Authors
- Bauer, Lance; Dick, Danielle; Bierut, Laura; Bucholz, Kathleen; Edenberg, Howard; Kuperman, Samuel; Kramer, John; Nurnberger, John; O'Connor, Sean; Rice, John; Rohrbaugh, John; Schuckit, Marc; Tischfield, Jay; Porjesz, Bernice; Hesselbrock, Victor
- Year
- 2010
- Journal
- The American journal on addictions
- PMID
- 20716301
- DOI
- 10.1111/j.1521-0391.2010.00069.x
- PMCID
- PMC2924769
Obesity, smoking, and conduct problems have all been associated with decrements in brain function. However, their additive and interactive effects have rarely been examined. To address the deficiency, we studied P300a and P300b electroencephalographic potentials in 218 women grouped by the presence versus absence of: (1) a BMI > or = 30 kg/m(2); (2) recent smoking; and (3) > or = 2 childhood conduct problems. Analyses revealed smaller P300a and P300b amplitudes over the posterior scalp among recent smokers versus nonsmokers. No corresponding group differences were found in P300 latencies or frontal scalp amplitudes. The most interesting analysis result was an interaction between conduct problems and obesity limited to the frontally generated P300a component: its latency was significantly greater in women with both attributes than in those with either or neither attribute. An exploratory ANOVA, substituting the genotype of a GABRA2 SNP for conduct problems, also demonstrated an interaction with obesity affecting P300a latency. It is hypothesized that conduct problems, and a conduct-problem-associated GABRA2 genotype, decrease the age-of-onset and/or increase the lifetime duration of obesity. As a result, they may potentiate the adverse effects of obesity on frontal white matter and thereby increase P300a latency. Smoking may affect brain function by a different mechanism to reduce posterior scalp P300a and P300b amplitudes while preserving frontal scalp P300a latency and amplitude.
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| 40 | Discussion | In the future, we hope to replicate these findings in subject samples characterized by other forms⦠|
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| A allele | cohort |
| Acute intoxication local | phenotype |
| Adverse neurophysiological effects local | phenotype |
| Adverse neurovascular effects local | phenotype |
| age | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| Alcohol_dependence | phenotype |
| alcoholism | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| Analysis Set #3 local | cohort |
| anterior brain region | anatomy |
| anterior region | anatomy |
| anterior region P300b local | anatomy |
| Anterior scalp | anatomy |
| Anterior scalp P300 amplitude local | phenotype |
| antisocial personality disorder | phenotype |
| Associated genotypes local | variant |
| behavioral disorders | phenotype |
| BMI | phenotype |
| borderline personality disorder | phenotype |
| brain function | phenotype |
| brainstem | anatomy |
| brain structure | anatomy |
| brain white matter | anatomy |
| cardiovascular disease | phenotype |
| central | anatomy |
| Cerebrovascular disease | phenotype |
| childhood conduct disorder | phenotype |
| cigarettes | phenotype |
| cocaine | phenotype |
| cognition | phenotype |
| Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) | cohort |
| conduct disorder | phenotype |
| Control families | cohort |
| CP+ local | cohort |
| CPβ local | cohort |
| CP+ group local | cohort |
| CPβ group local | cohort |
| Cz | anatomy |
| depression | phenotype |
| EEG | phenotype |
| EEG differences local | phenotype |
| epilepsy | phenotype |
| European-American alcohol-dependent women local | cohort |
| European ancestry | cohort |
| European population | cohort |
| Female alcohol-dependent probands local | cohort |
| frontal cortex | anatomy |
| frontal P300a latency local | phenotype |
| Frontal P300a latency local | phenotype |
| Fz | anatomy |
| GABRA2 | gene |
| gray matter volumes local | anatomy |
| high risk genotype groups local | cohort |
| impulsivity | phenotype |
| lateral parietal cortex | anatomy |
| liver disease | phenotype |
| low risk genotype groups local | cohort |
| mania | phenotype |
| MDD symptoms local | phenotype |
| Meningitis local | phenotype |
| mixed race and ethnicity local | cohort |
| Neurophysiological impairment local | phenotype |
| Neurophysiological impairments local | phenotype |
| nicotine | drug |
| nicotine use | phenotype |
| Nonalcoholics | cohort |
| non-frontal generators local | anatomy |
| OB+ local | cohort |
| OBβ local | cohort |
| obesity | phenotype |
| opiates | drug |
| opioid dependence | phenotype |
| other drug dependence | phenotype |
| Other drug dependence symptoms local | phenotype |
| P300a local | anatomy |
| P300a local | phenotype |
| P300a amplitude local | phenotype |
| P300a component local | phenotype |
| P300a latency local | phenotype |
| P300a latency (anterior region) local | phenotype |
| P300a latency (posterior region) local | phenotype |
| P300 amplitude | phenotype |
| P300b local | anatomy |
| P300b local | phenotype |
| P300b amplitude local | phenotype |
| P300b latency local | phenotype |
| P300 latency | phenotype |
| P300 measures | phenotype |
| parietal cortex | anatomy |
| personality disorders | phenotype |
| posterior region | anatomy |
| posterior region P300b local | anatomy |
| Posterior scalp | anatomy |
| Posterior scalp P300 amplitude local | phenotype |
| pregnancy | phenotype |
| psychosis | phenotype |
| Pz | anatomy |
| rs279871 | variant |
| sex | phenotype |
| smoking | phenotype |
| Smoking+ local | cohort |
| Smokingβ local | cohort |
| stroke | phenotype |
| substance use | phenotype |
| thalamus | anatomy |
| vascular disease | phenotype |
| weight problems local | phenotype |
| white matter | anatomy |
| white matter pathways local | anatomy |
| women | cohort |
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