Intersection of familial risk and environmental social control on high-risk drinking and alcohol dependence in a US national sample of adults.
- Authors
- Karriker-Jaffe, Katherine J; Chartier, Karen G; Bares, Cristina B; Kendler, Kenneth S; Greenfield, Thomas K
- Year
- 2021
- Journal
- Addictive behaviors
- PMID
- 33045642
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106668
- PMCID
- PMC7524522
BACKGROUND: Effects of a family history of alcoholism may be moderated by area-level social control factors. We examine whether increased neighborhood alcohol availability (low social control environment) or increased presence of religious adherents in the county (high social control environment) interact with family history in relation to alcohol outcomes. METHODS: Weighted data from 12,686 adult drinkers (51% male; mean age 44; 80% White, 9% Black, 11% Hispanic) in three US National Alcohol Surveys were linked with data on area-level off-premise alcohol availability and adherence to religions with strong prohibitions against drinking. Family history density had four levels (family history negative, extended family only, first-degree relative(s) only, high family density). Dichotomous outcomes were past-year high-risk drinking and alcohol dependence. Logistic regression models with interaction terms assessed whether associations of family history with alcohol outcomes differed significantly by area-level social control. Stratified models assessed differences by sex and by race/ethnicity. RESULTS: In the full sample, effects of first-degree relatives and high family density on high-risk drinking strengthened as alcohol availability increased. This was replicated in the subsample of women and suggested in relation to dependence among men and Black drinkers. For White drinkers, higher religious social control reduced effects of first-degree relatives on high-risk drinking. CONCLUSIONS: Low social control-in particular, greater density of off-premise alcohol outlets-appears to exacerbate effects of a family history of alcoholism on high-risk drinking. Policy makers should consider differential benefits of decreasing alcohol availability for people from high-risk families to reduce high-risk drinking and alcohol problems.
Effects of family history of alcoholism on high-risk drinking across levels of alcohol availability in full sample of drinkers. Note: Left panel depicts average marginal effects of first-degree relatives only (dashed line) and first-degree relatives plus extended family members (solid line) on high-risk drinking; right panel depicts average marginal effect of only extended family members on high-risk drinking. All are compared to negative family history of alcohol problems.
Predicted probability of high-risk drinking across levels of alcohol availability and family history of alcoholism in full sample of drinkers. Note: FH = family history. Extended Only = history of alcohol problems in extended family only (grandparents, aunts or uncles, cousins). First Degree = history of alcohol problems in first-degree relatives only (parents, siblings). First + Extended = history of alcohol problems in both first-degree relatives and extended family.
Predicted probability of high-risk drinking across levels of alcohol availability and family history of alcoholism in female drinkers. Note: FH = family history. Extended Only = history of alcohol problems in extended family only (grandparents, aunts or uncles, cousins). First Degree = history of alcohol problems in first-degree relatives only (parents, siblings). First + Extended = history of alcohol problems in both first-degree relatives and extended family.
Predicted probability of alcohol dependence across levels of alcohol availability and family history of alcoholism in female (left) and male (right) drinkers. Note: FH = family history. Extended Only = history of alcohol problems in extended family only (grandparents, aunts or uncles, cousins). First Degree = history of alcohol problems in first-degree relatives only (parents, siblings). First + Extended = history of alcohol problems in both first-degree relatives and extended family.
Effects of family history of alcoholism on high-risk drinking across levels of county-level religious adherence in White drinkers. Note: Average marginal effects of different family history densities, each compared to negative family history of alcohol problems.
Predicted probability of high-risk drinking across levels of family history and county-level religious adherence in White drinkers. Note: FH = family history. Extended Only = history of alcohol problems in extended family only (grandparents, aunts or uncles, cousins). First Degree = history of alcohol problems in first-degree relatives only (parents, siblings). First + Extended = history of alcohol problems in both first-degree relatives and extended family.
Predicted probability of alcohol dependence drinking across levels of alcohol availability and family history of alcoholism in Black drinkers. Note: FH = family history. Extended Only = history of alcohol problems in extended family only (grandparents, aunts or uncles, cousins). First Degree = history of alcohol problems in first-degree relatives only (parents, siblings). First + Extended = history of alcohol problems in both first-degree relatives and extended family.
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| Family history of substance problems among African Americans: Associations with drug use, drug use disorder, and prescription drug misuse. | Mahrs-Gould R et al. | — | 2026 | → |
| Predictive performance for alcohol use disorder of polygenic scores based on the general addiction risk factor and problematic alcohol use. | Pérez-Gutiérrez AM et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Alcohol Use Disorder Polygenic Score Compared With Family History and ADH1B. | Lai D et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Associations between alcohol use disorder polygenic score and remission in participants from high-risk families and the Indiana Biobank. | Lai D et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Designing clinical trials to address alcohol use and alcohol-associated liver disease: an expert panel Consensus Statement. | Lee BP et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Does the relationship between alcohol retail environment and alcohol outcomes vary by depressive symptoms? Findings from a U.S. Survey of Black, Hispanic and White drinkers. | Phillips AZ et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Family history of substance use disorder and likelihood of prescription drug misuse in adults 50 and older. | Schepis TS et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Social Support as a Protective Factor for Alcohol Use Disorders: Results from a Nationally Representative Family History Study. | Jodis CA et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Socio-demographic Correlates of Electronic Cigarette and Cannabis Co-use Among Naïve and Tobacco Adolescent Users. | Bares CB et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Environmental Factors in the Rehabilitation Framework: Role of the One Health Approach to Improve the Complex Management of Disability. | Lippi L et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Evaluating risk for alcohol use disorder: Polygenic risk scores and family history. | Lai D et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Gene-based polygenic risk scores analysis of alcohol use disorder in African Americans. | Lai D et al. | — | 2022 | → |