Epigenetic factors influencing resistance to nuclear reprogramming.

paper Cited Public

Authors: Pasque, Vincent; Jullien, Jerome; Miyamoto, Kei; Halley-Stott, Richard P; Gurdon, J B
Year: 2011
Journal: Trends in genetics : TIG
PMID: 21940062
DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2011.08.002
PMCID: PMC3814186

#	Section	Preview
0	Routes towards nuclear reprogramming	The differentiated state of somatic cells in an organism is remarkably stable. Cells do not normally…
1	Routes towards nuclear reprogramming	Different systems have been used to reprogram cells (Figure 1). These include nuclear transfer to…
2	Routes towards nuclear reprogramming	the two nuclei of different cell types occupy the same cytoplasm; such fused cells form…
3	Routes towards nuclear reprogramming	However, regardless of the system used, the proportion of nuclei or cells that are reprogrammed to…
4	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	To understand the mechanisms of nuclear reprogramming and resistance to it, one needs to be able to…
5	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	When somatic cell nuclei are transplanted to enucleated eggs (in second meiotic metaphase), the…
6	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	seen with nuclear transfers to Xenopus oocytes (first meiotic prophase), when judged by pluripotency…
7	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	To determine the efficiency of reprogramming in cell fusion experiments, the most informative are…
8	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	The overall efficiency of derivation of iPS cells by transcription factor overexpression is low…
9	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	Resistance to reprogramming is also very evident when donor nuclei from different cell types are…
10	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	Another aspect of resistance to reprogramming comes from the phenomenon of epigenetic memory, when…
11	Efficiency of nuclear reprogramming	The conclusion from this section is that there is a strong correlation between the more…
12	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — Chromatin decondensation	The compaction of DNA in somatic cells is thought to be inhibitory to reprogramming. The first level…
13	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — Chromatin decondensation	As cells differentiate, their chromatin becomes increasingly condensed. Nuclear volume is indicative…
14	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — Chromatin decondensation	Two components of eggs and oocytes that seem particularly important for chromatin decondensation are…
15	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — Chromatin decondensation	in somatic nuclei transplanted to Xenopus oocytes [36]. Although reprogramming to induced…
16	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — Chromatin decondensation	We suggest that chromatin decondensation and loss of chromosomal proteins is a primary event that is…
17	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — DNA demethylation	The best-known epigenetic mechanism that imposes a roadblock to nuclear reprogramming is DNA…
18	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — DNA demethylation	The whole-genome profiling of DNA methylation in iPS cells and in ES cells derived by nuclear…
19	Epigenetic barriers to nuclear reprogramming — DNA demethylation	It is important to appreciate that there are instances in which a resistance to reprogramming is not…

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Concise review: chromatin and genome organization in reprogramming.	Biran A et al.	—	2012	→
Epigenetic reprogramming and post-transcriptional regulation during the epithelial-mesenchymal transition.	Wu CY et al.	—	2012	→
MacroH2A in stem cells: a story beyond gene repression.	Creppe C et al.	—	2012	→
Maintaining differentiated cellular identity.	Holmberg J et al.	—	2012	→
Molecular roadblocks for cellular reprogramming.	Vierbuchen T et al.	—	2012	→
Reprogramming and development in nuclear transfer embryos and in interspecific systems.	Narbonne P et al.	—	2012	→
Stem cells in the land of the rising sun: ISSCR 2012.	Plath K et al.	—	2012	→