Familial influences on conduct disorder reflect 2 genetic factors and 1 shared environmental factor.
- Authors
- Kendler, Kenneth S; Aggen, Steven H; Patrick, Christopher J
- Year
- 2013
- Journal
- JAMA psychiatry
- PMID
- 23117573
- DOI
- 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.267
- PMCID
- PMC3606918
CONTEXT: Prior studies suggest that antisocial behavior in childhood and adolescence reflects multiple symptomatic dimensions. However, to our knowledge, no prior study has evaluated the underlying nature of the etiologic influences contributing to conduct disorder (CD) symptoms as defined in the DSM. OBJECTIVE: To determine the structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for CD. DESIGN: Population-based twin registry. SETTING: Virginia. PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand seven hundred sixty-nine members of male-male twin pairs from the Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Retrospective self-reported symptoms of CD. RESULTS: The best-fitting multivariate twin model included 2 genetic factors, 1 shared environmental common factor, and 1 nonshared environmental common factor, along with criterion-specific genetic and nonshared environmental effects. The CD criteria with the strongest loadings on the 2 genetic factors were, respectively, those reflecting rule breaking (eg, playing hooky) and overt aggressive acts (eg, hurting people). The shared environmental common factor had salient loadings on a distinct set of criteria reflecting covert delinquent acts (eg, stealing and hurting animals). Loadings on the single nonshared environmental common factor were more uniform and less selective. Scores on the 3 familial CD factors were differentially associated with a range of personality, psychopathology, and demographic factors. CONCLUSIONS: From a genetic perspective, the DSM criteria for CD do not reflect a single dimension of liability. The familial risk to CD is composed of 2 discrete dimensions of genetic risk, reflecting rule breaking and overt aggression, and 1 dimension of shared environmental risk, reflecting covert delinquency. These 3 familial factors differ meaningfully in their association with a range of relevant validators.
Genetic and shared and nonshared environmental parameter estimates from the best-fitting model (model 8) for the DSM-III-R A criteria for conduct disorder. A, Genetic parameter estimates. Two of the 13 DSM-III-R criteria (robbed or mugged someone and forced sex) were omitted from analyses because of low observed or expected prevalence, and 2 others (broken into house, building, or car and stolen without confrontation) were combined into a single item. For common factors, paths +0.30 or more are bolded. To calculate the proportion of variance in liability of a criterion that is estimated to be accounted for by the genetic or environmental factors, the path coefficient needs to be squared. B, Shared and nonshared environmental parameter estimates. For common factors paths +0.30 or more are bolded.
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In this knowledge base
| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| Genetic influences on conduct disorder. | 2018 | 27350097 |
| Prediction of alcohol use disorder using personality disorder traits: a twin study. | 2018 | 28734091 |
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Heritable Composite Phenotypes Defined by Combinations of Conduct Problem, Depression, and Temperament Features: Contributions to risk for Alcohol Problems. | Wang FL et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Psychopathy: Current Knowledge and Future Directions. | Patrick CJ | — | 2022 | → |
| Modeling the Comorbidity of Cannabis Abuse and Conduct Disorder/Conduct Problems from a Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective. | Blair RJ | — | 2020 | → |
| Conduct disorder. | Fairchild G et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| A Family Study of the <i>DSM-5</i> Section III Personality Pathology Model Using the Personality Inventory for the <i>DSM-5</i> (PID-5). | Katz AC et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Genetic influences on conduct disorder. | Salvatore JE et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Joint Effects of Age, Period, and Cohort on Conduct Problems Among American Adolescents From 1991 Through 2015. | Keyes KM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Prediction of alcohol use disorder using personality disorder traits: a twin study. | Rosenström T et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Genetic and Environmental Structure of DSM-IV Criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder: A Twin Study. | Rosenström T et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Predicting Well-Being and Internalizing Symptoms in Late Adolescence From Trajectories of Externalizing Behavior Starting in Infancy. | Kjeldsen A et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| The neurobiological basis of human aggression: A review on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. | Waltes R et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| DSM-IV defined conduct disorder and oppositional defiant disorder: an investigation of shared liability in female twins. | Knopik VS et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Physiological correlates of psychopathy, antisocial personality disorder, habitual aggression, and violence. | Patrick CJ | — | 2014 | → |
| Reward: commentary. Temporal discounting in conduct disorder: toward an experience-adaptation hypothesis of the role of psychosocial insecurity. | Sonuga-Barke EJ | — | 2014 | → |
| Characterizing psychopathy using DSM-5 personality traits. | Strickland CM et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Evidence for multiple genetic factors underlying DSM-IV criteria for major depression. | Kendler KS et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Reduced negative affect response in female psychopaths. | Eisenbarth H et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Understanding Youth Antisocial Behavior Using Neuroscience through a Developmental Psychopathology Lens: Review, Integration, and Directions for Research. | Hyde LW et al. | — | 2013 | → |