Gene expression in the human brain: the current state of the study of specificity and spatiotemporal dynamics.

paper Cited Public

Authors: Naumova, Oksana Yu; Lee, Maria; Rychkov, Sergei Yu; Vlasova, Natalia V; Grigorenko, Elena L
Year: 2013
Journal: Child development
PMID: 23145569
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12014
PMCID: PMC3557706

#	Section	Preview
0	Gene Expression, Concepts and Terms	Gene expression is the most fundamental process by which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype.…
1	Gene Expression, Concepts and Terms	Thus, the transcriptome is a complex and dynamic structure that is determined by and sensitive to…
2	Gene Expression, Concepts and Terms	the expression of a set of genes under various conditions, with the purpose of, for example,…
3	Gene Expression, Concepts and Terms	There is a substantial amount of evidence that multiple changes in gene expression occur throughout…
4	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — DNA microarrays	There are basic methodological requirements for any analysis of transcript structures and their…
5	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — DNA microarrays	microarrays measure only the relative quantities of transcripts. Specifically, this technology…
6	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — DNA microarrays	Due to all these complexities and to concerns regarding the reliability and concordance of…
7	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — Sequencing techniques	Along with microarray technology, sequencing techniques such as serial analyses of gene expression…
8	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — Sequencing techniques	genes of Homo sapience—the human genome), these tags provide qualitative and quantitative…
9	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — High-throughput sequencing or RNA-Seq	The development of high-throughput sequencing technologies that parallelize the sequencing process…
10	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — High-throughput sequencing or RNA-Seq	special oligonucleotides or adapters to be attached to the surface of the appropriate sequencing…
11	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — High-throughput sequencing or RNA-Seq	RNA-Seq offers several advancements that make it particularly valuable for studies of global gene…
12	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — High-throughput sequencing or RNA-Seq	(Asmann, et al., 2009). The absence of significant background signal, more relaxed limits for…
13	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — High-throughput sequencing or RNA-Seq	At present, RNA-Seq, dubbed “a revolutionary tool for transcriptomics” (Z. Wang, Gerstein, &…
14	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — Postmortem brain tissue as a source of RNA for gene expression profiling	The source of RNA is a special issue for studies of gene expression in the brain. Commonly,…
15	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — Postmortem brain tissue as a source of RNA for gene expression profiling	Several studies report the observation that RNA degradation does not correlate with PMI in tissue…
16	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — Postmortem brain tissue as a source of RNA for gene expression profiling	Similarly, the premortem period can affect the number of certain messenger RNAs (Barton, et al.,…
17	Common Techniques of Gene Expression Profiling — Postmortem brain tissue as a source of RNA for gene expression profiling	Taken together, the published evidence indicates that considerable attention must be paid to the…
18	The Specificity of Gene Expression in Brain Tissue — Comparison with others tissues	Brain tissue is characterized by a high level of gene expression; at least 30–50% of ~25,000 known…
19	The Specificity of Gene Expression in Brain Tissue — Comparison with others tissues	2004). In contrast, gene expression differences in other human and chimpanzee tissues, such as the…

Name	Type
28S/18S ribosomal RNA ratio local	other
30 Region-Specific Genes local	gene
adapters local	drug
adolescents	cohort
adulthood	cohort
adult human cortex local	anatomy
Affymetrix	drug
age 5-12 years local	phenotype
Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer	drug
aging	phenotype
alcohol	phenotype
alternative splicing	drug
Alu-elements local	drug
Alzheimer’s disease	phenotype
amygdala	anatomy
anterior cingulate cortex	anatomy
Applied Biosystems	drug
ASD	phenotype
ASD-implicated genes local	gene
atypical manifestations local	phenotype
autism spectrum disorders	phenotype
AUUUA polynucleotide motif local	drug
axon myelination local	phenotype
basal ganglia	anatomy
behavioral development	phenotype
brain	anatomy
brain development	phenotype
brain function	phenotype
brain tissue	anatomy
brain volume	anatomy
Broca’s area	anatomy
caudate nucleus	anatomy
cDNA	drug
cell cycle	phenotype
Cell type local	phenotype
central nervous system	anatomy
cerebellum	anatomy
cerebral hemispheres	anatomy
childhood	cohort
children	cohort
chimpanzee brain local	anatomy
chromatin structures local	drug
Classical cytokine signaling pathway local	drug
CNTNAP2	gene
CNTNAP5 local	gene
cognition	phenotype
Colantuoni 2011 local	cohort
Colantuoni et al. 2011 local	cohort
coma	phenotype
Complex somatic diseases local	phenotype
corpus callosum	anatomy
cortex	anatomy
cortical layers	anatomy
Dendrite and synapse development genes local	gene
development	phenotype
Developmental and behavioral disorders local	phenotype
disorder	phenotype
DNA	drug
DNA microarrays	drug
DNA repair and metabolic gene group local	gene
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex	anatomy
drug dependence	phenotype
Early fetal cortex local	anatomy
early postnatal development local	phenotype
early postnatal life local	phenotype
External signals local	phenotype
fetal brain	anatomy
fetal stage local	phenotype
fluorescent dyes local	drug
forebrain	anatomy
Foxp2	gene
frontal cortex	anatomy
GC level local	drug
GC-poor pivotal genes local	gene
GC-rich non-pivotal genes local	gene
gene expression	phenotype
glutamate receptor signaling pathway local	drug
higher mental functioning local	phenotype
hindbrain	anatomy
hippocampus	anatomy
housekeeping genes local	gene
human brain	anatomy
human genome	cohort
human lifespan local	cohort
hypothalamus	anatomy
Illumina	drug
infants	cohort
inferior frontal gyrus	anatomy
interhemispheric gene expression asymmetry local	phenotype
Kang 2011 local	cohort
Kang et al. 2011 local	cohort
kidney function	phenotype
left prefrontal cortex	anatomy
lifespan	phenotype
life-span development local	phenotype
limbic system	anatomy
liver	anatomy
lncRNA	drug
LongSAGE local	drug
Lu et al. 2004 local	cohort
major depressive disorder	phenotype
microarray	drug
microRNA	drug
midbrain	anatomy
miRNA	drug
motor cortex	anatomy
Motor performance	phenotype
mouse brain	anatomy
mRNA	drug
myelin	phenotype
ncRNA	drug
neocortex	anatomy
Neurodevelopmental gene group local	gene
neurological disorders	phenotype
neuronal differentiation	phenotype
Neuronal differentiation genes local	gene
neuron number local	phenotype
neurotransmitter synthesis local	phenotype
non-coding RNA	drug
occipital cortex	anatomy
oligonucleotides	drug
Organism development local	phenotype
parietal cortex	anatomy
Parkinson’s disease	phenotype
perisylvian cerebral area local	anatomy
pH	drug
phenotype	phenotype
PMI	phenotype
postmortem brain	anatomy
postnatal brain	anatomy
postnatal period local	phenotype
Post-transcriptional processes local	phenotype
posttranslational modifications local	drug
prefrontal cortex	anatomy
Premortem hypoxia local	phenotype
pre-mRNA local	drug
primary visual cortex	anatomy
Prolonged agony local	phenotype
protein	drug
putamen	anatomy
receptor density local	phenotype
RL-SAGE local	drug
RNA	drug
RNA degradation local	phenotype
RNA-seq	drug
RNases local	drug
rRNA	drug
SAGE	cohort
schizophrenia	phenotype
Somel 2009 local	cohort
Somel 2010 local	cohort
Somel et al. 2009 local	cohort
speech and language abilities local	phenotype
speech and language disorders local	phenotype
spinal cord	anatomy
Study Cohort (12 individuals, 8 men, 4 women, age 36-77) local	cohort
SuperSAGE local	drug
synapse formation	phenotype
synapse number local	phenotype
synaptic plasticity	phenotype
teenage years local	phenotype
temporal lobe	anatomy
testis	anatomy
tissue type	phenotype
transcription local	drug
Transcriptional processes local	phenotype
transcription factor	drug
transcription factors local	gene
transcriptome	drug
Transcriptome local	phenotype
translation local	drug
trauma	phenotype
tRNA local	drug
typical development	phenotype
VGAT	gene
vGLUT1	gene
Whole transcriptome profiling local	phenotype

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