Age of alcohol and cannabis use onset mediates the association of transmissible risk in childhood and development of alcohol and cannabis disorders: evidence for common liability.
- Authors
- Kirisci, Levent; Tarter, Ralph; Ridenour, Ty; Zhai, Zu Wei; Fishbein, Diana; Reynolds, Maureen; Vanyukov, Michael
- Year
- 2013
- Journal
- Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology
- PMID
- 23205723
- DOI
- 10.1037/a0030742
- PMCID
- PMC3565072
Age at the time of first alcohol and cannabis use was investigated in relation to a measure of transmissible (intergenerational) risk for addiction in childhood and development of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD). It was hypothesized that age at the time of first experience with either substance mediates the association between transmissible risk and subsequent diagnosis of both disorders. The Transmissible Liability Index (TLI; (Vanyukov et al., 2009) was administered to 339 10- to 12-year-old boys (n = 254) and girls (n = 85). Age at the time of first alcohol and cannabis use, and diagnosis of AUD and CUD, were prospectively tracked to age 22. Each standard deviation unit increase in TLI severity corresponded to a reduction in age of alcohol and cannabis use onset by 3.2 months and 4.6 months, respectively. Age at the time of first alcohol use mediated the association of TLI with both AUD and CUD. Parallel results were obtained for cannabis. Whereas transmissible risk is congenerous to both AUD and CUD, its magnitude was 7 times greater in youths who initiated substance use with cannabis. TLI predicts age of first use of alcohol and cannabis that is common to developing both AUD and CUD. The ramifications of these findings for prevention are discussed.
Theoretical model of age of alcohol and cannabis use onset mediates the association of transmissible risk in childhood and development of alcohol and cannabis disorders.
LLM interpretation
This figure is a theoretical mediation diagram illustrating the relationship between childhood risk and substance use disorders. It shows "Transmissible Risk in Childhood" (Pre-drug use) leading to the "Age at the Time of First Alcohol Use" and "Age at the Time of First Cannabis Use" (Prodrome), which in turn lead to "Alcohol Use Disorder" and "Cannabis Use Disorder" (Affected Condition). Arrows indicate direct paths from risk to onset age, and from onset age to the respective disorders, including cross-over paths between alcohol and cannabis variables.
Item characteristic curves of alcohol and cannabis use depicting probability of consumption in relation to increasing severity of overall substance use.
LLM interpretation
This figure is a line graph showing item characteristic curves for alcohol and cannabis use. The x-axis represents the severity of overall substance use, and the y-axis represents the probability of consumption. Both curves show a positive sigmoidal relationship, with the alcohol use curve shifted to the left, indicating a higher probability of consumption at lower levels of overall substance use severity compared to cannabis use.
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| Adapting to New Situations local | phenotype |
| Adult onset Substance Use Disorder local | phenotype |
| Age-22 evaluation participants local | cohort |
| age at first alcohol use local | phenotype |
| Age at first alcohol use local | phenotype |
| Age at first cannabis consumption local | phenotype |
| age at first cannabis use | phenotype |
| age at first substance use local | phenotype |
| age at initiation | phenotype |
| age of alcohol use local | phenotype |
| Age of Alcohol Use Onset local | phenotype |
| age of cannabis use local | phenotype |
| Age of Cannabis Use Onset local | phenotype |
| Age of first alcohol use onset local | phenotype |
| Age of first cannabis use onset local | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| amphetamines | drug |
| Attrited participants local | cohort |
| AUD | phenotype |
| Biting Fingernails local | phenotype |
| cannabis use | phenotype |
| cannabis use disorder | phenotype |
| Center for Education and Drug Abuse Research local | cohort |
| Children of SUD+ fathers local | cohort |
| Children of SUD− fathers local | cohort |
| combined sample of children of SUD+ and SUD− parents local | cohort |
| Crack/cocaine local | drug |
| Crack/Cocaine local | drug |
| CUD | phenotype |
| Early onset Substance Use Disorder local | phenotype |
| Externalizing diagnoses local | phenotype |
| externalizing disorders | phenotype |
| family high-risk cohort local | cohort |
| First alcohol use | phenotype |
| First cannabis use | phenotype |
| hallucinogens | drug |
| High-risk family local | cohort |
| high-risk youths local | cohort |
| illicit drug use | phenotype |
| inhalants | drug |
| Irregular Appetite local | phenotype |
| Legal drugs | phenotype |
| Longitudinal SUD Cohort local | cohort |
| Low Full Scale IQ local | phenotype |
| Low socioeconomic status local | phenotype |
| National Institute on Drug Abuse | cohort |
| opiates | drug |
| Overall Substance Use local | phenotype |
| parents | cohort |
| participants | cohort |
| PCP | drug |
| Poor Sleep local | phenotype |
| Retained participants local | cohort |
| sedatives | drug |
| self-harm | phenotype |
| sex | phenotype |
| Somatic Distress local | phenotype |
| substance-induced physiological state local | phenotype |
| substance use | phenotype |
| SUD | phenotype |
| SUD+ local | phenotype |
| SUD- local | phenotype |
| SUD− local | phenotype |
| SUD+ fathers local | cohort |
| SUD− fathers local | cohort |
| SUD+ parents local | phenotype |
| SUD− parents local | phenotype |
| teachers | cohort |
| Thoughts about Death during Stress local | phenotype |
| TLI Severity local | phenotype |
| tobacco use | phenotype |
| Transmissible liability local | phenotype |
| transmissible liability index | phenotype |
| transmissible risk local | phenotype |
| Transmissible Risk local | phenotype |
| Twin cohort | cohort |
| type B | phenotype |
| Type II local | phenotype |
| United States | cohort |
| Youth participants local | cohort |
| Youths | cohort |
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In this knowledge base
| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| A Long-Term Longitudinal Examination of the Effect of Early Onset of Alcohol and Drug Use on Later Alcohol Abuse. | 2015 | 25671782 |
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age of onset of cannabis use and substance use problems: A systematic review of prospective studies. | Hamaoui J et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Indicators of Intergenerational Transmission of Cannabis Use Among US Young Adults. | Cui Y et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Alcohol and Brain Development in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review of the Literature and Advisory Report of the Health Council of the Netherlands. | de Goede J et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| The intermediary role of adolescent temperamental and behavioral traits on the prospective associations between polygenic risk and cannabis use among young adults of European Ancestry. | Brick LA et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Adolescent Behavioral Characteristics Mediate Familial Effects on Alcohol Use and Problems in College-Bound Students. | Brown AL et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Intergenerational marijuana use: A life course examination of the relationship between parental trajectories of marijuana use and the onset of marijuana use by offspring. | Bears Augustyn M et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| School-based interventions for preventing substance use in indigenous children ages 7-13: a scoping review protocol. | Maina G et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Global white matter microstructural abnormalities associated with addiction liability score in drug naïve youth. | Hulvershorn L et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Influence of Early Onset of Alcohol Use on the Development of Adolescent Alcohol Problems: a Longitudinal Binational Study. | Kim MJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Longitudinal Studies on the Etiology of Cannabis Use Disorder: A Review. | Courtney KE et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Neurodevelopmental Precursors and Consequences of Substance Use during Adolescence: Promises and Pitfalls of Longitudinal Neuroimaging Strategies. | Fishbein DH et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A Long-Term Longitudinal Examination of the Effect of Early Onset of Alcohol and Drug Use on Later Alcohol Abuse. | Ohannessian CM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Comorbidity and temporal relations of alcohol and cannabis use disorders from youth through adulthood. | Duncan SC et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Externalizing behavior and emotion dysregulation are indicators of transmissible risk for substance use disorder. | Kirisci L et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Longitudinal Modeling of the Association Between Transmissible Risk, Affect During Drug Use and Development of Substance Use Disorder. | Tarter RE et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Temperament disturbances measured in infancy progress to substance use disorder 20 years later. | Horner MS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| A new approach to researching the etiology of cannabis use disorder: integrating transmissible and nontransmissible risk within a developmental framework. | Tarter R et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Gender differences in the developmental risk of onset of alcohol, nicotine, and marijuana use and the effects of nicotine and marijuana use on alcohol outcomes. | Buu A et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Longitudinal modeling of transmissible risk in boys who subsequently develop cannabis use disorder. | Kirisci L et al. | — | 2013 | → |