Environment And Genetics in Lung cancer Etiology (EAGLE) study: an integrative population-based case-control study of lung cancer.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Landi, Maria Teresa; Consonni, Dario; Rotunno, Melissa; Bergen, Andrew W; Goldstein, Alisa M; Lubin, Jay H; Goldin, Lynn; Alavanja, Michael; Morgan, Glen; Subar, Amy F; Linnoila, Ilona; Previdi, Fabrizio; Corno, Massimo; Rubagotti, Maurizia; Marinelli, Barbara; Albetti, Benedetta; Colombi, Antonio; Tucker, Margaret; Wacholder, Sholom; Pesatori, Angela C; Caporaso, Neil E; Bertazzi, Pier Alberto
- Year
- 2008
- Journal
- BMC public health
- PMID
- 18538025
- DOI
- 10.1186/1471-2458-8-203
- PMCID
- PMC2464602
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Tobacco smoking is its primary cause, and yet the precise molecular alterations induced by smoking in lung tissue that lead to lung cancer and impact survival have remained obscure. A new framework of research is needed to address the challenges offered by this complex disease. METHODS/DESIGN: We designed a large population-based case-control study that combines a traditional molecular epidemiology design with a more integrative approach to investigate the dynamic process that begins with smoking initiation, proceeds through dependency/smoking persistence, continues with lung cancer development and ends with progression to disseminated disease or response to therapy and survival. The study allows the integration of data from multiple sources in the same subjects (risk factors, germline variation, genomic alterations in tumors, and clinical endpoints) to tackle the disease etiology from different angles. Before beginning the study, we conducted a phone survey and pilot investigations to identify the best approach to ensure an acceptable participation in the study from cases and controls. Between 2002 and 2005, we enrolled 2101 incident primary lung cancer cases and 2120 population controls, with 86.6% and 72.4% participation rate, respectively, from a catchment area including 216 municipalities in the Lombardy region of Italy. Lung cancer cases were enrolled in 13 hospitals and population controls were randomly sampled from the area to match the cases by age, gender and residence. Detailed epidemiological information and biospecimens were collected from each participant, and clinical data and tissue specimens from the cases. Collection of follow-up data on treatment and survival is ongoing. DISCUSSION: EAGLE is a new population-based case-control study that explores the full spectrum of lung cancer etiology, from smoking addiction to lung cancer outcome, through examination of epidemiological, molecular, and clinical data. We have provided a detailed description of the study design, field activities, management, and opportunities for research following this integrative approach, which allows a sharper and more comprehensive vision of the complex nature of this disease. The study is poised to accelerate the emergence of new preventive and therapeutic strategies with potentially enormous impact on public health.
No figures extracted from this document.
| # | Section | Preview |
|---|---|---|
| 40 | Abbreviations | ADD: Attention Deficit Disorder; AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; CAPI: Computer Assisted… |
| 41 | Competing interests | The authors declare that they have no competing interests |
| 42 | Authors' contributions | MTL was responsible for the conception and design of this study and the study management, oversaw… |
| 43 | Authors' contributions | participated in the study design and developed the food-frequency questionnaire; IL reviewed… |
| 44 | Authors' contributions | study, and oversaw all aspects of the study activities, patients recruitment, funding, and… |
| 45 | Pre-publication history | The pre-publication history for this paper can be accessed here: |
← Prev
41–46 of 46
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| APOBEC affects tumor evolution and age at onset of lung cancer in smokers. | Zhang T et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| A Tracts of Homozygosity Approach Identifies Methylation-Regulated CSMD1 Expression Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers Related to Smoking Behavior. | Jin J et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Past exposure to PM10 and lung cancer risk in the EAGLE case-control study. | Fedrizzi L et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| The effect of occupational exposure to welding fumes on trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer: A supplementary analysis of regular occupational exposure and of occasional occupational exposure based on the systematic review and meta-analysis from the WHO/ILO Joint estimates of the work-related burden of disease and Injury. | Momen NC et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| The mutagenic forces shaping the genomes of lung cancer in never smokers. | Díaz-Gay M et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Understanding Genetic Screening: Harnessing Health Information to Prevent Disease Risks. | Lee CL et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Volatile organic compounds in exhaled human breath for the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma: a meta-analysis. | Zhao T et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Pleural mesothelioma risk in the construction industry: a case-control study in Italy, 2000-2018. | Stella S et al. | — | 2023 | → |
| Clinical Implications of Inter- and Intratumor Heterogeneity of Immune Cell Markers in Lung Cancer. | Zhao W et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Cross-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis of 61,047 cases and 947,237 controls identifies new susceptibility loci contributing to lung cancer. | Byun J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Efficient estimation of indirect effects in case-control studies using a unified likelihood framework. | Satten GA et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Gene-Level Associations in Patients With and Without Pathogenic Germline Variants in <i>CDKN2A</i> and Pancreatic Cancer. | Astiazaran-Symonds E et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Genome-wide interaction analysis identified low-frequency variants with sex disparity in lung cancer risk. | Li Y et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| MicrobiomeGWAS: A Tool for Identifying Host Genetic Variants Associated with Microbiome Composition. | Hua X et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Novel MAPK/AKT-impairing germline NRAS variant identified in a melanoma-prone family. | Brown KM et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Rare germline deleterious variants increase susceptibility for lung cancer. | Sang J et al. | — | 2022 | → |
| Epidemiology of stage III lung cancer: frequency, diagnostic characteristics, and survival. | Casal-Mouriño A et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Genetic Variants of <i>CLEC4E</i> and <i>BIRC3</i> in Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns-Related Pathway Genes Predict Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival. | Liu L et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Genetic Variants of <i>CLPP</i> and <i>M1AP</i> Are Associated With Risk of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. | Li X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Identification of Genetic Variants Associated with Sex-Specific Lung-Cancer Risk. | Shi X et al. | — | 2021 | → |
| Association of various dietary habits and risk of lung cancer: an updated comprehensive literature review. | Fakhri G et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Exhaled Breath Analysis in Diagnosis of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: Systematic Review. | Töreyin ZN et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Frequency of Pathogenic Germline Variants in Cancer-Susceptibility Genes in Patients With Osteosarcoma. | Mirabello L et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Genetic and epigenetic intratumor heterogeneity impacts prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma. | Hua X et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| <i>APOB</i> Genotypes and <i>CDH13</i> Haplotypes in the Cholesterol-Related Pathway Genes Predict Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Survival. | Deng W et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Lung emphysema and lung cancer: what do we know about it? | Tubío-Pérez RA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Non-coding RNA and lung cancer progression. | Ishola AA et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| Sex-specific SNP-SNP interaction analyses within topologically associated domains reveals ANGPT1 as a novel tumor suppressor gene for lung cancer. | Yao S et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| The genomic and epigenomic evolutionary history of papillary renal cell carcinomas. | Zhu B et al. | — | 2020 | → |
| A Primer for Access to Repositories of Cancer-Related Genomic Big Data. | Torcivia-Rodriguez J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Peritoneal mesothelioma and asbestos exposure: a population-based case-control study in Lombardy, Italy. | Consonni D et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Use of Big Data to Estimate Prevalence of Defective DNA Repair Variants in the US Population. | Pugh J et al. | — | 2019 | → |
| Fine mapping in TERT-CLPTM1L region identified three independent lung cancer susceptibility signals: A large-scale multi-ethnic population study. | Li Z et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Genetic correlation between smoking behaviors and schizophrenia. | Hartz SM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Identification of susceptibility pathways for the role of chromosome 15q25.1 in modifying lung cancer risk. | Ji X et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Outdoor particulate matter (PM10) exposure and lung cancer risk in the EAGLE study. | Consonni D et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Prevalence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in the 24 cancer genes of the ACMG Secondary Findings v2.0 list in a large cancer cohort and ethnicity-matched controls. | Kim J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The genomic and epigenomic evolutionary history of papillary renal cell carcinomas | Zhu B et al. | — | 2018 | — |
| A cis-eQTL genetic variant of the cancer-testis gene CCDC116 is associated with risk of multiple cancers. | Qin N et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A critical review of the relationship between occupational exposure to diesel emissions and lung cancer risk. | Möhner M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Epigenome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in lung tissue shows concordance with blood studies and identifies tobacco smoke-inducible enhancers. | Stueve TR et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Fine mapping of chromosome 5p15.33 identifies novel lung cancer susceptibility loci in Han Chinese. | Dong J et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Higher-than-expected population prevalence of potentially pathogenic germline TP53 variants in individuals unselected for cancer history. | de Andrade KC et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Menstrual and reproductive factors and lung cancer risk: A pooled analysis from the international lung cancer consortium. | Ben Khedher S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Morin inhibited lung cancer cells viability, growth, and migration by suppressing miR-135b and inducing its target CCNG2. | Yao D et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Nut Consumption and Lung Cancer Risk: Results from Two Large Observational Studies. | Lee JT et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| The prevalence of DICER1 pathogenic variation in population databases. | Kim J et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A Novel Pathway-Based Approach Improves Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Using Germline Genetic Variations. | Qian DC et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Characterizing human lung tissue microbiota and its relationship to epidemiological and clinical features. | Yu G et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Cigarette smoking behaviour and blood metabolomics. | Gu F et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Identifying Host Genetic Variants Associated with Microbiome Composition by Testing Multiple Beta Diversity Matrices. | Hua X et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Novel Association of Genetic Markers Affecting CYP2A6 Activity and Lung Cancer Risk. | Patel YM et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Somatic Genomics and Clinical Features of Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Study. | Shi J et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A multiancestry study identifies novel genetic associations with CHRNA5 methylation in human brain and risk of nicotine dependence. | Hancock DB et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| An exposure-weighted score test for genetic associations integrating environmental risk factors. | Han SS et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Associated Links Among Smoking, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Pooled Analysis in the International Lung Cancer Consortium. | Huang R et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Differentially expressed and activated proteins associated with non small cell lung cancer tissues. | Nigro E et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Genome-wide meta-analysis reveals common splice site acceptor variant in CHRNA4 associated with nicotine dependence. | Hancock DB et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Identification of lung cancer histology-specific variants applying Bayesian framework variant prioritization approaches within the TRICL and ILCCO consortia. | Brenner DR et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Identification of shared and unique susceptibility pathways among cancers of the lung, breast, and prostate from genome-wide association studies and tissue-specific protein interactions. | Qian DC et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Informed genome-wide association analysis with family history as a secondary phenotype identifies novel loci of lung cancer. | Poirier JG et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Jackknife-based gene-gene interactiontests for untyped SNPs. | Song M | — | 2015 | → |
| Lung cancer prognosis before and after recurrence in a population-based setting. | Consonni D et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Lung cancer risk among bricklayers in a pooled analysis of case-control studies. | Consonni D et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The role of haplotype in 15q25.1 locus in lung cancer risk: results of scanning chromosome 15. | Ji X et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Characterizing the genetic basis of methylome diversity in histologically normal human lung tissue. | Shi J et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Combined analysis with copy number variation identifies risk loci in lung cancer. | Li X et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci associated with bladder cancer risk. | Figueroa JD et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Heme-related gene expression signatures of meat intakes in lung cancer tissues. | Lam TK et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Rare missense variants in POT1 predispose to familial cutaneous malignant melanoma. | Shi J et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Rare variants of large effect in BRCA2 and CHEK2 affect risk of lung cancer. | Wang Y et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Sox9 mediates Notch1-induced mesenchymal features in lung adenocarcinoma. | Capaccione KM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Time to smoke first morning cigarette and lung cancer in a case-control study. | Gu F et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A regression model for risk difference estimation in population-based case-control studies clarifies gender differences in lung cancer risk of smokers and never smokers. | Kovalchik SA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Are women who smoke at higher risk for lung cancer than men who smoke? | De Matteis S et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Circulating levels of immune and inflammatory markers and long versus short survival in early-stage lung cancer. | Bodelon C et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Ligation of CM1 enhances apoptosis of lung cancer cells through different mechanisms in conformity with EGFR mutation. | Lee HK et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Reproductive and hormonal factors and the risk of lung cancer: the EAGLE study. | Pesatori AC et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Significant association of CHRNB3 variants with nicotine dependence in multiple ethnic populations. | Cui WY et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Cross-species functional analysis of cancer-associated fibroblasts identifies a critical role for CLCF1 and IL-6 in non-small cell lung cancer in vivo. | Vicent S et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| GSTM1 and GSTT1 copy numbers and mRNA expression in lung cancer. | Rotunno M et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Impact of occupational carcinogens on lung cancer risk in a general population. | De Matteis S et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Increased lung cancer risk among bricklayers in an Italian population-based case-control study. | Consonni D et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Influence of common genetic variation on lung cancer risk: meta-analysis of 14 900 cases and 29 485 controls. | Timofeeva MN et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Influence of quercetin-rich food intake on microRNA expression in lung cancer tissues. | Lam TK et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Mood disorders and risk of lung cancer in the EAGLE case-control study and in the U.S. Veterans Affairs inpatient cohort. | Capo-Ramos DE et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Nrf2: friend and foe in preventing cigarette smoking-dependent lung disease. | Müller T et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| ACSL6 is associated with the number of cigarettes smoked and its expression is altered by chronic nicotine exposure. | Chen J et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| A gene expression signature from peripheral whole blood for stage I lung adenocarcinoma. | Rotunno M et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Assessment of human papillomavirus in lung tumor tissue. | Koshiol J et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Dietary D-glucarate effects on the biomarkers of inflammation during early post-initiation stages of benzo[a]pyrene-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice. | Zoltaszek R et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Epstein-Barr virus microRNAs and lung cancer. | Koshiol J et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Two novel BRM insertion promoter sequence variants are associated with loss of BRM expression and lung cancer risk. | Liu G et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Alcohol consumption and lung cancer risk in the Environment and Genetics in Lung Cancer Etiology (EAGLE) study. | Bagnardi V et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Characterizing allelic association in the genome era. | Weir BS et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Chemical characterization of exhaled breath to differentiate between patients with malignant plueral mesothelioma from subjects with similar professional asbestos exposure. | de Gennaro G et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Dietary quercetin, quercetin-gene interaction, metabolic gene expression in lung tissue and lung cancer risk. | Lam TK et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Inherited polymorphisms in the RNA-mediated interference machinery affect microRNA expression and lung cancer survival. | Rotunno M et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| International Lung Cancer Consortium: coordinated association study of 10 potential lung cancer susceptibility variants. | Truong T et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Lower risk of lung cancer after multiple pneumonia diagnoses. | Koshiol J et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Lung cancer and occupation in a population-based case-control study. | Consonni D et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| MicroRNA expression differentiates histology and predicts survival of lung cancer. | Landi MT et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Multiple independent loci at chromosome 15q25.1 affect smoking quantity: a meta-analysis and comparison with lung cancer and COPD. | Saccone NL et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Reliability of the Brazilian version of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung (FACT-L) and the FACT-Lung Symptom Index (FLSI). | Juliana F et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| A genome-wide association study of lung cancer identifies a region of chromosome 5p15 associated with risk for adenocarcinoma. | Landi MT et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and altered risk of lung cancer in a population-based case-control study. | Koshiol J et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Family history of cancer and nonmalignant lung diseases as risk factors for lung cancer. | Gao Y et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Intakes of red meat, processed meat, and meat mutagens increase lung cancer risk. | Lam TK et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Invited commentary: genes, environment, and hybrid vigor. | Gwinn M et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Phase I metabolic genes and risk of lung cancer: multiple polymorphisms and mRNA expression. | Rotunno M et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| GTI-2501, an antisense agent targeting R1, the large subunit of human ribonucleotide reductase, shows potent anti-tumor activity against a variety of tumors. | Lee Y et al. | — | 2006 | → |