Parental Separation and Offspring Alcohol Involvement: Findings from Offspring of Alcoholic and Drug Dependent Twin Fathers.

paper Cited Public

Authors: Grant, Julia D; Waldron, Mary; Sartor, Carolyn E; Scherrer, Jeffrey F; Duncan, Alexis E; McCutcheon, Vivia V; Haber, Jon Randolph; Jacob, Theodore; Heath, Andrew C; Bucholz, Kathleen K
Year: 2015
Journal: Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
PMID: 26058573
DOI: 10.1111/acer.12766
PMCID: PMC4490966

#	Section	Preview
0	Introduction	Compared to children raised in intact families, children whose parents separate or divorce report…
1	Introduction	Despite well-documented associations between marital instability and alcohol use disorder (Cranford,…
2	Introduction	In research on children of alcoholics, there are a growing number of studies that model jointly risk…
3	Introduction	More recently, Waldron and colleagues (Waldron et al., 2014a) examined timing of alcohol use and…
4	Introduction	In the present study, we employed an OOT design to examine associations between parental separation…
5	Materials and Methods — Participants	Participants were biological (genetic) offspring of male twins from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry…
6	Materials and Methods — Participants	mothers of the offspring. Offspring were eligible to participate if the twin gave permission to…
7	Materials and Methods — Participants	Project data were merged by taking data from all offspring in Project 2 (the more recent data…
8	Materials and Methods — Measures	Individual measures for the twin fathers were drawn from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule…
9	Materials and Methods — Measures — Offspring alcohol involvement	As part of the SSAGA, offspring reported lifetime alcohol use and problem drinking. Ages of onset…
10	Materials and Methods — Measures — Parental substance dependence	Based on the AD and DD statuses of the father and his co-twin, offspring were classified into one of…
11	Materials and Methods — Measures — Parental substance dependence	father was not DD or AD. Offspring whose uncle was an MZ co-twin of their father were assigned to…
12	Materials and Methods — Measures — Parental separation	Parent separation or divorce prior to offspring age 18 was coded based on parent reports of marital…
13	Materials and Methods — Measures — Covariates	A number of demographic, familial and individual-level risk factors were modeled as covariates in…
14	Materials and Methods — Measures — Covariates	onset were available for all of the above and they were included as time-varying covariates.…
15	Materials and Methods — Analytic Strategy	Survival analyses were performed in STATA version 11.1 (StataCorp, 2009), with the Huber-White…
16	Materials and Methods — Analytic Strategy	risk for transitioning. Offspring from intact families were right-censored on this variable at age…
17	Materials and Methods — Analytic Strategy	15, 17, 18, and at age 19+, with the modal age of initiation (16 years) used as the referent group.…
18	Results — Preliminary analyses	Descriptive statistics by risk group are summarized in Table 1. For survival models where no…
19	Results — Cox analyses of alcohol initiation	In Model I, offspring of substance dependent fathers (Group 1) were at a 28% increased hazard of…

Name	Type
A2 local	cohort
A3 local	cohort
AD diagnosis	phenotype
adolescents	cohort
AD problem local	phenotype
AD risk group local	cohort
AD symptom local	phenotype
AD symptom onset local	phenotype
AD symptoms	phenotype
Affected dizygotic uncle local	phenotype
Affected monozygotic uncle local	phenotype
age	phenotype
age at first use	phenotype
alcohol	phenotype
alcohol dependence	phenotype
Alcohol Dependence Symptoms	phenotype
Alcohol Initiation	phenotype
alcohol intoxication	phenotype
Alcohol Problems	phenotype
alcohol-related outcomes	phenotype
Alcohol Use	phenotype
Alcohol Use Disorder	phenotype
alcohol use initiation	phenotype
Alzheimer's disease	phenotype
Australian population	cohort
Australian Twin Cohort local	cohort
Biological mother local	cohort
cannabis use	phenotype
Childhood physical abuse/neglect local	phenotype
childhood trauma	phenotype
children of alcoholics	cohort
children of nonalcoholic parents local	cohort
children of other drug using and dependent parents local	cohort
children raised in intact families local	cohort
children whose parents separate or divorce local	cohort
Combined Study local	cohort
comorbidity	phenotype
comparison group	cohort
conduct disorder	phenotype
Co-twin substance dependence local	phenotype
D3 local	cohort
dad unaffected local	cohort
DBA/2J	cohort
DD	phenotype
DD risk group local	cohort
dependent use	phenotype
depressive symptoms	phenotype
drug	drug
drug dependence	phenotype
Drug dependence (DD) local	phenotype
DSM-IV AD symptom local	phenotype
DSM-IV alcohol dependence	phenotype
DSM-IV hyperactivity local	phenotype
DSM-IV inattention local	phenotype
DSM-IV oppositional defiant disorder local	phenotype
DZ uncle AD local	cohort
DZ uncle DD/AD local	cohort
Earlier offspring alcohol initiation local	phenotype
earlier use of alcohol local	phenotype
early alcohol use	phenotype
families	cohort
father DD/AD local	cohort
Father DD/AD local	phenotype
Father DD/AD local	variant
fathers	cohort
Father substance dependence local	phenotype
First AD symptom local	phenotype
first alcohol dependence symptom local	phenotype
First alcohol use	phenotype
First DSM-IV AD symptom local	phenotype
First full drink local	phenotype
Full drink of alcohol before age 13 local	phenotype
generalized anxiety disorder	phenotype
Group 1	cohort
Group 2	cohort
Group 3	cohort
Group 3a local	cohort
Group 3b local	cohort
group 4	cohort
heavy cannabis use	phenotype
Heavy cannabis use local	drug
Higher cumulative risk of dependence local	phenotype
hyperactivity	phenotype
illicit drug dependence	phenotype
illicit drugs	phenotype
inattention	phenotype
intact families	cohort
lifetime alcohol use	phenotype
Marital and cohabitation histories local	phenotype
marital instability local	phenotype
Maternal death local	phenotype
Maternal substance history local	phenotype
Mother's alcohol use disorder local	phenotype
MZ uncle DD/AD local	cohort
offspring	cohort
offspring alcohol involvement	phenotype
offspring and spouses local	cohort
Offspring-of-Twins analysis local	cohort
Offspring sex local	phenotype
onset of drinking	phenotype
onset of first use local	phenotype
oppositional defiant disorder	phenotype
other drugs	drug
parental alcoholism	phenotype
Parental cannabis dependence local	phenotype
parental divorce/separation	phenotype
parental drug dependence local	phenotype
Parental drug dependence local	phenotype
Parental other illicit drug dependence local	phenotype
Paternal/avuncular DD/AD history local	phenotype
Paternal history of alcohol dependence local	phenotype
problematic alcohol use	phenotype
Project 1 local	cohort
Project 2 local	cohort
Rape or molestation local	phenotype
Risk group A1 local	cohort
Risk group A2 local	cohort
Risk group D1 local	cohort
Risk group D2 local	cohort
social phobia	phenotype
Socio-demographic characteristics local	phenotype
SSAGA	cohort
Step/adoptive mother local	cohort
Substance dependent fathers local	phenotype
substance use	phenotype
Sudden-onset panic attacks local	phenotype
suicide	phenotype
Third AD symptom local	phenotype
Time to alcohol dependence local	phenotype
Transition from first use to alcohol use disorder diagnosis local	phenotype
Transition from first use to alcohol use disorder symptom local	phenotype
traumatic experiences	phenotype
Twin cohort	cohort
twin fathers local	cohort
Twin Fathers Cohort local	cohort
Unaffected fathers local	phenotype
Vietnam Era Twin Registry	cohort

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In this knowledge base

Title	Year	PMID
Associations of parental alcohol use disorders and parental separation with offspring initiation of alcohol, cigarette and cannabis use and sexual debut in high-risk families.	2018	28804966
A GABRA2 polymorphism improves a model for prediction of drinking initiation.	2017	28847377
Comparison of Parent, Peer, Psychiatric, and Cannabis Use Influences Across Stages of Offspring Alcohol Involvement: Evidence from the COGA Prospective Study.	2017	28073157
Familial association of abstinent remission from alcohol use disorder in first-degree relatives of alcohol-dependent treatment-seeking probands.	2017	28556494
Parental divorce and initiation of alcohol use in early adolescence.	2016	27322803

External

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Association between parental psychiatric conditions and offspring psychiatric, behavioral, and psychosocial outcomes: A Swedish population-based children-of-monozygotic twins study.	Zhou M et al.	—	2025	→
Parent-child separation and intergenerational transmission of substance use and disorder: Testing across three generations.	Blake AJ et al.	—	2024	→
Association of parental divorce, discord, and polygenic risk with children's alcohol initiation and lifetime risk for alcohol use disorder.	Kuo SI et al.	—	2023	→
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Associations of parental alcohol use disorders and parental separation with offspring initiation of alcohol, cigarette and cannabis use and sexual debut in high-risk families.	McCutcheon VV et al.	—	2018	→
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A GABRA2 polymorphism improves a model for prediction of drinking initiation.	Kuperman S et al.	—	2017	→
Comparison of Parent, Peer, Psychiatric, and Cannabis Use Influences Across Stages of Offspring Alcohol Involvement: Evidence from the COGA Prospective Study.	Bucholz KK et al.	—	2017	→
Familial association of abstinent remission from alcohol use disorder in first-degree relatives of alcohol-dependent treatment-seeking probands.	McCutcheon VV et al.	—	2017	→
Parental divorce and initiation of alcohol use in early adolescence.	Jackson KM et al.	—	2016	→
Systematic review of environmental risk factors for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A proposed roadmap from association to causation.	Brander G et al.	—	2016	→