Induced neuronal reprogramming.

paper Cited Public

Authors: Ang, Cheen Euong; Wernig, Marius
Year: 2014
Journal: The Journal of comparative neurology
PMID: 24771471
DOI: 10.1002/cne.23620
PMCID: PMC4099045

#	Section	Preview
0	2. Introduction	Early somatic cell nuclear transfer experiments in amphibians by Briggs, King and Gurdon have…
1	2. Introduction	such dramatic cell lineage changes can also be induced between distantly related somatic cell types.…
2	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.1. The beginning: induced neuronal cells from developmentally related cells	The first example of direct conversion to cells of neural lineages using transcription factors is…
3	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.1. The beginning: induced neuronal cells from developmentally related cells	neurogenesis. However, conclusions should be made cautiously when marker expression alone is used as…
4	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.1. The beginning: induced neuronal cells from developmentally related cells	work demonstrated already that absolute levels and the dynamic expression of reprogramming factors…
5	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	Our group found that functional neurons can be generated from a non-ectodermal cell type…
6	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	We and several other groups extended these findings to human fibroblasts [21–23]. Since the BAM…
7	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	together with two other transcription factors, Brn2 and Myt1l, in defined conditions are enough to…
8	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	NeuroD1 [27]. More recently another study claimed the generation of iN cells from embryonic…
9	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	In addition to inhibitory neurons there are several other clinically relevant neuronal subtypes…
10	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	methods can be designed to induce iN cells of specific neuronal subtypes. However, some bottlenecks…
11	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	and dopamine HPLC measurements. The same transcription factor combination was shown to also convert…
12	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	vivo in animal models for Parkinson’s disease. To address this question, Kim and colleagues…
13	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	in vitro and in vivo when they were transplanted into the 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned striatum model…
14	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	A second critical neuronal subtype is spinal motor neurons. Son and coworkers used seven factors…
15	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	More recently, yet another neuronal subtype was generated from fibroblasts. Remarkably, the…
16	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.2. Crossing major lineage boundaries: mesodermal to ectodermal conversion	Finally, should reprogrammed cells be considered for clinical (i.e. transplantation) use, the viral…
17	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.3. Endodermal to ectodermal conversion	Most reports have used fibroblasts as donor cells for reprogramming experiments. Fibroblasts,…
18	3. Induced neuronal cells — 3.3. Endodermal to ectodermal conversion	defined cell of origin also allowed us to address the question of the degree of reprogramming…
19	4. Methods to improve reprogramming	The reprogramming efficiency to iN cells varies substantially between cell types [21, 22, 30, 31,…

Name	Type
3-dimensional context local	drug
6-hydroxydopamine	drug
A10 local	anatomy
A8 local	anatomy
A9 local	anatomy
AADC local	gene
Absence of spontaneous synaptic events local	phenotype
acetylcholine	drug
action potential firing	phenotype
adult fibroblasts local	cohort
Adult human fibroblast local	cohort
adult human fibroblasts local	cohort
Adult mouse brain local	anatomy
aging	phenotype
ALDH1A1	gene
ALS	phenotype
ALS patients local	cohort
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	phenotype
ANL local	drug
Ascl1	gene
Ath5 local	gene
authentic brain cell type local	phenotype
autism spectrum disorders	phenotype
BAM pool local	drug
B-cell local	phenotype
bFGF	drug
BMP	drug
Body wall muscle local	phenotype
brain	anatomy
brain diseases local	phenotype
Brn2	gene
Brn3b local	gene
CALB1	gene
CEBPA	gene
central nervous system	anatomy
Chicken beta-actin promoter local	drug
cortex	anatomy
cortical layer II/III local	anatomy
cortical layer IV local	anatomy
cortical layer V	anatomy
cortical layer VI	anatomy
CSPG4	gene
curare local	drug
cyclic AMP	drug
DCX	gene
dibutyryl cyclic AMP local	drug
Dlx2	gene
donor cell transcriptional program local	phenotype
dopamine	drug
Dopamine deficiency local	phenotype
dopaminergic neurons	anatomy
dorsal tier	anatomy
embryonic fibroblasts local	cohort
eminentia thalami local	anatomy
En1 local	gene
epinephrine local	drug
ES cell local	phenotype
excitatory neuronal cells local	phenotype
Fast-fatigable motor neuron local	phenotype
Fast-fatigue resistant motor neuron local	phenotype
FGF	drug
Fibroblast local	phenotype
Fibroblast growth factor 8 local	drug
Fibroblasts local	cell_type
forskolin	drug
Foxa2 local	gene
FoxA2 local	gene
Foxp1	gene
fresh blood cells local	cohort
GABA	phenotype
Gamma motor neuron local	phenotype
GFAP	gene
GFP	drug
glutamate	drug
glutamatergic neurons	phenotype
GSK3B	gene
hepatic transcripts local	phenotype
Hox	gene
human blood cells local	cohort
Human fetal fibroblast local	cohort
Human fibroblast local	cohort
human fibroblasts local	phenotype
Human induced dopaminergic neurons local	cell_type
human postnatal fibroblasts local	cohort
iDaN cells local	cell_type
iDaN cells local	cohort
iDaN cells local	phenotype
iN cell local	phenotype
iN cell reprogramming local	drug
iN cell reprogramming local	phenotype
iN cells local	cohort
Incomplete assembling of presynaptic compartment local	phenotype
induced neuron local	phenotype
Induced neuronal cell local	phenotype
induced neurons	phenotype
Induced pluripotent stem cell local	phenotype
induced retinal ganglion-like cells local	phenotype
iPS cell local	phenotype
iPS cells	cohort
iPS cell technology local	drug
Isl1	gene
Kcnj6	gene
Klf4	gene
Lateral division of Lateral motor column local	anatomy
Lateral motor column local	anatomy
LHX3	gene
Lim1 local	gene
Lim3 local	gene
Limb muscle local	phenotype
linear poly amido amine local	drug
Lmx1a local	gene
LMX1A local	gene
Macrophage local	phenotype
MAP2	gene
Mapt	gene
Medial division of Lateral motor column local	anatomy
Medial motor column local	anatomy
MEFs local	cohort
mesencephalon	anatomy
mice	cohort
midbrain	anatomy
midbrain dopaminergic neurons local	phenotype
Midbrain-type neuron local	phenotype
miR-124	drug
miR-9	drug
MNX1 local	gene
Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus retroviral vector local	drug
motor cortex	anatomy
mouse brain	anatomy
mouse cortex	anatomy
Mouse fibroblast local	cohort
Mouse iDaN cells local	cell_type
Muscle cell local	phenotype
Myc	gene
MYOD1 local	gene
Myt1l	gene
MZ	anatomy
neonatal fibroblasts local	cohort
Neonatal mouse brain local	anatomy
neuroblasts	anatomy
NEUROD1	gene
NEUROD2	gene
NEUROG2	gene
neurogenesis	phenotype
Neuroligin 4 local	gene
neuronal purity local	phenotype
neuronal reprogramming local	phenotype
neuronal subtype local	phenotype
neuronal yield local	phenotype
neurons	phenotype
Ngn2	gene
norepinephrine	drug
NR4A2	gene
Oct4	gene
olfactory bulb	anatomy
Olig2	gene
Olig2-VP16 local	variant
oxygen	drug
P19 cells local	cohort
Parkinson's disease	phenotype
Parkinson’s disease	phenotype
patient-derived cells local	drug
Pax6	gene
peripheral nervous system	anatomy
Pitx3 local	gene
PITX3 local	gene
Pitx3-GFP knock-in mice local	cohort
POU3F2	gene
preplate local	anatomy
Presynaptic incompetence local	phenotype
primary visual cortex	anatomy
PRPH	gene
PTB local	gene
RBFOX3	gene
retrorubral area local	anatomy
RIEG/PITX homeobox family local	gene
RPF-1 local	gene
Self-inactivating retroviral vector local	drug
skin-derived fibroblasts local	cohort
Slc17a7	gene
SLC18A2	gene
SLC6A3	gene
Slow-twitch alpha motor neuron local	phenotype
Sod1	gene
SOD1 G93A local	variant
somatosensory cortex	anatomy
Sonic hedgehog	drug
Sox2	gene
specific synaptic phenotype local	phenotype
spinal motor neurons	anatomy
stab wound lesion local	anatomy
striatum	anatomy
substantia nigra	anatomy
subventricular zone	anatomy
synapse formation	phenotype
synaptic phenotype local	phenotype
Tbr1	gene
TGFβ	drug
Th	gene
Thy1.2 local	gene
TUBB3	gene
Tuj1-positive cells local	phenotype
ventral midbrain	anatomy
ventral tegmental area	anatomy
ventral tier	anatomy
ventricular zone	anatomy
VMAT local	gene

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