Parsing the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Pathway to Substance Use Disorders: A Multilevel Developmental Problem.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Zucker, Robert A; Heitzeg, Mary M; Nigg, Joel T
- Year
- 2011
- Journal
- Child development perspectives
- PMID
- 22116786
- DOI
- 10.1111/j.1750-8606.2011.00172.x
- PMCID
- PMC3221325
A long-standing and diverse body of evidence has documented the importance of externalizing characteristics as very early etiologic predictors of a pathway to severe alcohol and other drug problems and substance use disorder. At the same time, much remains unclear about the mechanistic structure of this pathway, including understanding what the defining characteristics are that encompass the diverse behaviors included in the externalizing domain. This article proposes that the core risk phenotype unifying this domain is behavioral undercontrol/disinhibition. It describes the defining features of this phenotype and outlines the mediators, moderators, and developmental course that characterize the pathway from early risk to a substance use disorder endpoint. A brief summary of the neurocognitive and brain functional response systems that underlie the behavioral phenotype emphasizes the operation of two systems in dynamic tension, one an effortful control system, the other an incentive reactivity system.
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| 20 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | A thorough developmental systems analysis of the undercontrol/disinhibition pathway requires… |
| 21 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | The neural underpinnings of control and (dis)inhibition involve regions of prefrontal cortex and… |
| 22 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | domain. Effortful control involves the ability to regulate behavior to fit contextual demands and… |
| 23 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | The second system is an incentive reactivity system; it is relatively automatic in that it does not… |
| 24 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | This second construct is very similar to that proposed as reactive control by Eisenberg and… |
| 25 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | Existing work suggests that top-down and bottom-up responses mutually influence one another (Nigg,… |
| 26 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | Developmentally, just when there is major build-up of opportunity for substance use in later… |
| 27 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | The development of these systems can be perturbed in multiple ways. Early biological insult or… |
| 28 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | to identify dysregulation of reward-related circuitry as well as prefrontal control in adolescents… |
| 29 | Neurocognitive and Brain Functional Response Systems and Their Operational Relationships to the Undercontrol/Disinhibition Developmental Pathway | In summary, there is ample evidence of important development in regulatory abilities and the neural… |
| 30 | Summary | A convergent network of evidence continues to indicate that one of the core risk pathways to SUD… |
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