Alcohol consumption and non-communicable diseases: epidemiology and policy implications.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Parry, Charles D; Patra, Jayadeep; Rehm, JΓΌrgen
- Year
- 2011
- Journal
- Addiction (Abingdon, England)
- PMID
- 21819471
- DOI
- 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03605.x
- PMCID
- PMC3174337
AIMS: This paper summarizes the relationships between different patterns of alcohol consumption and various on non-communicable disease (NCD) outcomes and estimates the percentage of NCD burden that is attributable to alcohol. METHODS: A narrative review, based on published meta-analyses of alcohol consumption-disease relations, together with an examination of the Comparative Risk Assessment estimates applied to the latest available revision of Global Burden of Disease study. RESULTS: Alcohol is causally linked (to varying degrees) to eight different cancers, with the risk increasing with the volume consumed. Similarly, alcohol use is related detrimentally to many cardiovascular outcomes, including hypertension, haemorrhagic stroke and atrial fibrillation. For other cardiovascular outcomes the relationship is more complex. Alcohol is furthermore linked to various forms of liver disease (particularly with fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis) and pancreatitis. For diabetes the relationship is also complex. Conservatively, of the global NCD-related burden of deaths, net years of life lost (YLL) and net disability adjusted life years (DALYs), 3.4%, 5.0% and 2.4%, respectively, can be attributed to alcohol consumption, with the burden being particularly high for cancer and liver cirrhosis. This burden is especially pronounced in countries of the former Soviet Union. CONCLUSIONS: There is a strong link between alcohol and non-communicable diseases, particularly cancer, cardiovascular disease, liver disease, pancreatitis and diabetes, and these findings support calls by the World Health Organization to implement evidence-based strategies to reduce harmful use of alcohol.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 2000 CRA local | cohort |
| 60g pure alcohol local | drug |
| abstainers | phenotype |
| acetaldehyde | drug |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| Alcoholic liver cirrhosis local | phenotype |
| alcoholic liver disease | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| alcohol use disorders | phenotype |
| atrial fibrillation | phenotype |
| blood pressure | phenotype |
| cancer | phenotype |
| cancer deaths local | phenotype |
| Cardiovascular deaths local | phenotype |
| cardiovascular disease | phenotype |
| Chronic heavy alcohol use local | phenotype |
| Chronic respiratory diseases local | phenotype |
| Colon cancer | phenotype |
| colorectal cancer | phenotype |
| Comparative Risk Assessment local | phenotype |
| death | phenotype |
| diabetes | phenotype |
| diet | drug |
| disability | phenotype |
| Disability Adjusted Life Years local | phenotype |
| fatty liver | phenotype |
| female breast cancer local | phenotype |
| Female breast cancer local | phenotype |
| former drinker | phenotype |
| Former Soviet Union local | cohort |
| Free radicals local | drug |
| GBD local | cohort |
| Global Burden of Disease local | phenotype |
| Governments local | cohort |
| Haemorrhagic stroke local | phenotype |
| hazardous drinking | phenotype |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| Heavy drinking occasions local | phenotype |
| High body mass index local | phenotype |
| High cholesterol local | phenotype |
| higher body mass index local | phenotype |
| high-income countries | cohort |
| High income countries local | cohort |
| high income regions local | cohort |
| hyperglycemia | phenotype |
| Hypertensive disease local | phenotype |
| Hypertensive heart disease local | phenotype |
| Increased clotting local | phenotype |
| indoor air pollution local | phenotype |
| International community local | cohort |
| Irregular heavy drinking occasions local | phenotype |
| Ischaemic disease local | phenotype |
| Ischemic diseases local | phenotype |
| ischemic heart disease | phenotype |
| Lack of exercise local | phenotype |
| lack of sanitation local | phenotype |
| Lack of sanitation local | phenotype |
| Lancet NCD action group local | cohort |
| larynx cancer local | phenotype |
| Larynx cancer local | phenotype |
| Light to moderate drinking local | phenotype |
| liver cancer | phenotype |
| Liver cirrhosis | phenotype |
| liver disease | phenotype |
| low and middle income countries local | cohort |
| low- and middle-income countries | cohort |
| low and mid income countries local | cohort |
| Low and mid income countries local | cohort |
| Low and mid-income countries local | cohort |
| low fruit and vegetable intake local | phenotype |
| Low fruit and vegetable intake local | phenotype |
| Low-income countries local | cohort |
| Member states local | cohort |
| men | cohort |
| Middle-income countries local | cohort |
| mood disorders | phenotype |
| NCD categories local | phenotype |
| NGO conference in Melbourne local | cohort |
| non-communicable disease | phenotype |
| oesophagus cancer local | phenotype |
| Oesophagus cancer local | phenotype |
| oral cavity cancer | phenotype |
| pancreatitis | phenotype |
| pharynx cancer local | phenotype |
| Pharynx cancer local | phenotype |
| physical inactivity | phenotype |
| pure alcohol local | drug |
| Recorded alcohol consumption local | phenotype |
| Rectum cancer local | phenotype |
| stroke | phenotype |
| study cohort | cohort |
| tobacco use | phenotype |
| type 2 diabetes | phenotype |
| undernutrition | phenotype |
| Unrecorded alcohol consumption local | phenotype |
| unsafe health-care injections local | phenotype |
| unsafe sex local | phenotype |
| urban air pollution local | phenotype |
| Ventricular fibrillation local | phenotype |
| women | cohort |
| World Health Organization | cohort |
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| Title | Year | PMID |
|---|---|---|
| Ethanol treatment of lymphoblastoid cell lines from alcoholics and non-alcoholics causes many subtle changes in gene expression. | 2014 | 25129674 |
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