Ethanol treatment of lymphoblastoid cell lines from alcoholics and non-alcoholics causes many subtle changes in gene expression.
- Authors
- McClintick, Jeanette N; Brooks, Andrew I; Deng, Li; Liang, Li; Wang, Jen C; Kapoor, Manav; Xuei, Xiaoling; Foroud, Tatiana; Tischfield, Jay A; Edenberg, Howard J
- Year
- 2014
- Journal
- Alcohol (Fayetteville, N.Y.)
- PMID
- 25129674
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.07.004
- PMCID
- PMC4730944
To elucidate the effects of a controlled exposure to ethanol on gene expression, we studied lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from 21 alcoholics and 21 controls. We cultured each cell line for 24 h with and without 75 mM ethanol and measured gene expression using microarrays. Differences in expression between LCLs from alcoholics and controls included 13 genes previously identified as associated with alcoholism or related traits, including KCNA3, DICER1, ZNF415, CAT, SLC9A9, and PPARGC1B. The paired design allowed us to detect very small changes due to ethanol treatment: ethanol altered the expression of 37% of the probe sets (51% of the unique named genes) expressed in these LCLs, most by modest amounts. Ninety-nine percent of the named genes expressed in the LCLs were also expressed in brain. Key pathways affected by ethanol include cytokine, TNF, and NFκB signaling. Among the genes affected by ethanol were ANK3, EPHB1, SLC1A1, SLC9A9, NRD1, and SH3BP5, which were reported to be associated with alcoholism or related phenotypes in 2 genome-wide association studies. Genes that either differed in expression between alcoholics and controls or were affected by ethanol exposure are candidates for further study.
Genes affected by ethanol exposure. The number of unique, named genes that significantly differed between ethanol treated and untreated cells is plotted as a function of fold-change. 1 = 1.01-1.099, 1.1 = 1.10 – 1.199, etc. Some genes did not map to the Gene 1.0 ST array used for comparison to brain.
Genes that differed between alcoholics and controls. The number of unique, named genes that significantly differed between cells from alcoholics and controls is plotted as a function of fold-change. 1 = 1.01-1.099, 1.1 = 1.10 – 1.199, etc. Some genes did not map to the Gene 1.0 ST array used for comparison to brain.
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