Epigenetics, microRNA, and addiction.
- Authors
- Kenny, Paul J
- Year
- 2014
- Journal
- Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
- PMID
- 25364284
- DOI
- 10.31887/DCNS.2014.16.3/pkenny
- PMCID
- PMC4214176
Drug addiction is characterized by uncontrolled drug consumption and high rates of relapse to drug taking during periods of attempted abstinence. Addiction is now largely considered a disorder of experience-dependent neuroplasticity, driven by remodeling of synapses in reward and motivation relevant brain circuits in response to a history of prolonged drug intake. Alterations in gene expression play a central role in addiction-relevant neuroplasticity, but the mechanisms by which additive drugs remodel brain motivation circuits remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of noncoding RNA that can regulate the expression of large numbers of protein-coding mRNA transcripts by binding to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of target transcripts and blocking their translation into the encoded protein or triggering their destabilization and degradation. Emerging evidence has implicated miRNAs in regulating addiction-relevant neuroplasticity in the brain, and in controlling the motivational properties of cocaine and other drugs of abuse. Here, the role for miRNAs in regulating basic aspects of neuronal function is reviewed. The involvement of miRNAs in controlling the motivational properties of addictive drugs is also summarized. Finally, mechanisms by which miRNAs exert their actions on drug intake, when known, are considered.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| acute reinforcing properties of addictive drugs local | phenotype |
| addiction | phenotype |
| Addiction-like state local | phenotype |
| Addiction state local | phenotype |
| adenylyl cyclases local | gene |
| adoptive family members local | cohort |
| AGO2 local | gene |
| Ago2-D2-ablated mice local | cohort |
| Ago.fl/fl mice local | cohort |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol-dependent rats | cohort |
| alcohol-induced CPP local | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| amygdala | anatomy |
| Antisense oligonucleotide against MIR212 local | drug |
| Armitage local | gene |
| arrhythmia local | phenotype |
| ataxia | phenotype |
| Bdnf | gene |
| behavioral responses to cocaine local | phenotype |
| CamKII | drug |
| cAMP | drug |
| cAMP signaling cascade local | drug |
| cannabis use | phenotype |
| Cdk5 | gene |
| cell-specific death local | phenotype |
| cerebellum | anatomy |
| cerebellum degradation local | phenotype |
| cerebral hemorrhage | phenotype |
| CNS | anatomy |
| cocaine | phenotype |
| cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| Cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| cocaine-naive rats local | cohort |
| cocaine self-administration | phenotype |
| Compulsive cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| Compulsive consumption local | phenotype |
| compulsivelike cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| compulsive-like drug-seeking local | phenotype |
| conditioned place preference | phenotype |
| conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine local | phenotype |
| CREB1 | gene |
| CRTC1 local | gene |
| decreased cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| defects in neural development local | phenotype |
| dendritic spine development local | phenotype |
| DICER1 | gene |
| dopamine | drug |
| dorsal striatum | anatomy |
| DRD1 | gene |
| DRD2 | gene |
| DRD3 | gene |
| drug | drug |
| drug dependence | phenotype |
| drug intake | phenotype |
| drug-seeking behavior | phenotype |
| Escalated cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| Escalated intake local | phenotype |
| escalating alcohol intake local | phenotype |
| Escalating cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| escalation of daily cocaine intake local | phenotype |
| extended access rats local | cohort |
| Extended access rats local | cohort |
| families | cohort |
| first-degree family member local | cohort |
| FMR1 | gene |
| FMRP | gene |
| food intake | phenotype |
| Fosb | gene |
| habitual drug seeking local | phenotype |
| habitual drug-seeking local | phenotype |
| HDAC5 | gene |
| HDACs | gene |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| Human drug users local | cohort |
| humans | cohort |
| Lenti-MIR212 rats local | cohort |
| let-7d local | drug |
| let-7d local | gene |
| Loss of control over drug consumption local | phenotype |
| MeCP2 | gene |
| medium spiny neurons | anatomy |
| memory | phenotype |
| memory-associated structural and functional plasticity local | phenotype |
| Mesocorticolimbic system | anatomy |
| methamphetamine | drug |
| mice | cohort |
| microRNA | drug |
| miR-124 | drug |
| miR-124a local | drug |
| miR-132 local | gene |
| MIR132 local | gene |
| miR-206 local | drug |
| miR-206 local | variant |
| miR-212 local | drug |
| miR-212 local | gene |
| MIR212 local | gene |
| miR-212/132 cluster local | gene |
| MIR212/132 cluster local | gene |
| miR-212/132 gene cluster local | gene |
| miR-382 local | drug |
| miR-8 local | gene |
| miRNA | drug |
| miRNA-124a local | drug |
| miRNA-124a local | gene |
| miRNAs local | gene |
| motivational properties local | phenotype |
| motivational properties of cocaine local | phenotype |
| Mov10 | gene |
| myocardial infarction | phenotype |
| neurodegeneration | phenotype |
| neuronal differentiation | phenotype |
| neuronal maturation | phenotype |
| neuronal morphology | phenotype |
| neuroplasticity | phenotype |
| nicotine | drug |
| nucleus accumbens | anatomy |
| nucleus accumbens core | anatomy |
| nucleus accumbens shell | anatomy |
| olfactory tubercle | anatomy |
| opiates | drug |
| prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| psychomotor stimulant effects local | phenotype |
| psychomotor stimulants local | drug |
| punishment-resistant drug seeking local | phenotype |
| punishment-resistant drug-seeking local | phenotype |
| Purkinje cells | anatomy |
| Raf1 | gene |
| Raf1 kinase local | gene |
| rats | cohort |
| rats with extended cocaine access local | cohort |
| rats with restricted cocaine access local | cohort |
| restricted access rats local | cohort |
| Restricted access rats local | cohort |
| Rett syndrome | phenotype |
| Reward circuitries local | anatomy |
| rewarding effects | phenotype |
| rewarding effects of cocaine | phenotype |
| reward system | anatomy |
| RISC local | drug |
| satiating effects local | phenotype |
| sensitivity to rewarding effects local | phenotype |
| somatodendritic compartment local | anatomy |
| spatial learning deficits local | phenotype |
| Spatial learning deficits local | phenotype |
| SPRED1 local | gene |
| striatopallidal neurons | anatomy |
| striatum | anatomy |
| substance abuse | phenotype |
| synapse | anatomy |
| synaptic development and plasticity local | phenotype |
| synaptic function | phenotype |
| Twin cohort | cohort |
| ventral striatum | anatomy |
| wild-type mice | cohort |
| yoked rats local | cohort |
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