Opposing effects of alcohol on the immune system.

paper Cited Public

Authors: Barr, Tasha; Helms, Christa; Grant, Kathleen; Messaoudi, Ilhem
Year: 2016
Journal: Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
PMID: 26375241
DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.09.001
PMCID: PMC4911891

#	Section	Preview
0	Overview of the Immune System	The immune system is an intricate network of molecules, cells, tissues, and organs that work…
1	Overview of the Immune System	The adaptive immune system can be subdivided into cell-mediated immunity, carried out by T cells,…
2	Overview of the Immune System	It is known that alcohol consumption alters both innate and adaptive immunity in both humans as well…
3	Overview of the Immune System	a lower risk of all-cause mortality than abstainers, while heavy drinkers and those with alcohol use…
4	Ethanol Metabolism	Ethanol is primarily metabolized in the stomach and liver by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and…
5	Ethanol Metabolism	Acetaldehyde is the toxic byproduct that contributes to tissue damage, alcohol dependence, and…
6	Ethanol Metabolism	CYP2E1 and catalase can also metabolize alcohol in the brain. Catalase is localized to peroxisomes…
7	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	Ethanol modulates the function of monocytes, immature innate immune cells that circulate in the…
8	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	Several studies have shown a dose-dependent effect of alcohol on the LPS response by…
9	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	a dose-dependent manner (Zhang, Bagby et al. 2001). This inhibitory effect on NFκB activity is…
10	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	These in vitro results have been recapitulated in vivo in rodent models. Measurement of serum…
11	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	following injection of LPS (Pruett, Fan et al. 2005). Finally, ethanol administered at 6g/kg but not…
12	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	Recently, it was reported that a single episode of binge alcohol consumption in alcohol-experienced…
13	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	In contrast to the inhibitory effects of acute alcohol treatment (up to 24 hours), prolonged…
14	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	Finally, primary alveolar macrophages isolated from female mice cultured in 25–100mM ethanol for…
15	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	As described above, in vivo ethanol ingestion of 6.3% (v/v) in the form of a standard Lieber-DeCarli…
16	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	The dendritic cell (DC), which plays a critical role in T cell activation and initiation of adaptive…
17	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	proliferation, and a decrease in IL-12 production (Lau, Abe et al. 2006). Also, monocyte-derived…
18	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	Finally, in a nonhuman primate model of ethanol self-administration (Grant et al. 2008), PMA-induced…
19	Modulation of Innate Immunity by Alcohol	In summary, several in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that ethanol modulates the function of…

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Allele-specific expression and high-throughput reporter assay reveal functional genetic variants associated with alcohol use disorders.	2021	31477794

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