Event-Related Potentials and Cognitive Function in Alcoholism.
- Authors
- Porjesz, Bernice; Begleiter, Henri
- Year
- 1995
- Journal
- Alcohol health and research world
- PMID
- 31798064
- PMCID
- PMC6875728
Subtle cognitive deficits can be studied using event-related potentials (ERP), brain waves elicited in response to sensory stimuli. ERP studies suggest that certain memory processes are impaired in alcoholics; therefore, each incoming stimulus must be evaluated anew. Some ERP anomalies occur in nonalcoholic subjects from alcoholic families, indicating that these anomalies may antecede the development of alcoholism.
Average event-related potential (ERP) waves recorded in response to a target stimulus (solid line) and nontarget stimulus (dashed line). Target stimuli are those that require the subject to respond in some way. (A) was recorded from nonalcoholic subjects and (B) was from alcoholic subjects. Amplitude (the height of the peak) is measured in terms of the strength of the electrical signal (volts). Notice the prominent P3 component (large positive deflection occurring between 300–450 msec) in the healthy subjects. Comparison of A and B shows that this component is reduced in amplitude in alcoholic subjects. In addition, note the lack of difference between P3 amplitudes to target and nontarget stimuli in the alcoholic group.
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 3-degree target local | phenotype |
| 90-degree target local | phenotype |
| absent Nd components local | phenotype |
| abstinence | phenotype |
| adolescents | cohort |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcoholism | phenotype |
| alcohol or other drug (AOD) abuse local | phenotype |
| Alcohol Problems | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| AOD use local | phenotype |
| Attended oddball stimuli local | drug |
| auditory | anatomy |
| auditory oddball task local | drug |
| Auditory P3 local | phenotype |
| Auditory selective-attention tasks local | phenotype |
| BAER local | phenotype |
| brain | anatomy |
| brain abnormalities | anatomy |
| brain electrical activity local | phenotype |
| coffee | drug |
| Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) | cohort |
| control subjects | cohort |
| cream local | drug |
| Delay in N2 latency local | phenotype |
| Difficult target local | phenotype |
| Difficult visual task local | drug |
| difficulty of discrimination local | phenotype |
| Early ERP components local | phenotype |
| Easy auditory task local | drug |
| Easy target local | phenotype |
| EEG | phenotype |
| ERP | phenotype |
| ERP aberrations local | phenotype |
| ERP measures | phenotype |
| errors | phenotype |
| family history of alcoholism | phenotype |
| Female alcoholics | phenotype |
| First-degree relatives of female alcoholics local | cohort |
| Frequent nontargets local | phenotype |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| high-risk subjects | cohort |
| hostility | phenotype |
| Impaired match-mismatch memory local | phenotype |
| Lack of inhibition local | phenotype |
| latency | phenotype |
| late P3 components local | phenotype |
| Later ERP components local | phenotype |
| low N1 amplitude local | phenotype |
| Memory dysfunction local | phenotype |
| monkey studies local | cohort |
| N1 local | phenotype |
| N1 amplitudes local | phenotype |
| N2 latency local | phenotype |
| N400 local | phenotype |
| N400 component local | anatomy |
| negative wave local | phenotype |
| nerve cell electrical activity local | phenotype |
| nicotine dependence | phenotype |
| nonalcoholic control local | phenotype |
| nonalcoholic control subjects | cohort |
| Nonalcoholics | cohort |
| Nonalcoholic siblings local | cohort |
| nonalcoholic subjects | cohort |
| Nontargets local | phenotype |
| nontarget stimuli local | drug |
| normal controls | cohort |
| Nutritional deficits local | phenotype |
| oddball stimuli local | drug |
| Older offspring local | cohort |
| ORP | phenotype |
| P3a amplitude | phenotype |
| P3 amplitude | phenotype |
| P3 auditory amplitude local | phenotype |
| P3b amplitude | phenotype |
| P3 component | phenotype |
| P3 latency | phenotype |
| P3 visual amplitude local | phenotype |
| Polich et al. 1994 meta-analysis local | cohort |
| Porjesz and Begleiter 1979 local | cohort |
| positive wave local | phenotype |
| prepubescent boys local | cohort |
| Prepubescent males local | cohort |
| Priming deficits local | phenotype |
| Rare targets local | phenotype |
| reaction time | phenotype |
| relapse | phenotype |
| Semantic memory deficits local | phenotype |
| semantic priming | phenotype |
| sex | phenotype |
| sons of alcoholic fathers | phenotype |
| speed of stimulus evaluation local | phenotype |
| sugar | drug |
| Template local | phenotype |
| Template matching processes local | phenotype |
| toxic effects | phenotype |
| Unattended oddball stimuli local | drug |
| visual | anatomy |
| Visual memory potential (VMP) local | phenotype |
| Visual Nd amplitudes local | phenotype |
| Visual selective-attention tasks local | phenotype |
| VMP local | phenotype |
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In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Advances in Electrophysiological Research. | Kamarajan C et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Reduced resource optimization in male alcoholics: N400 in a lexical decision paradigm. | Roopesh BN et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Application of electroencephalography to the study of cognitive and brain functions in schizophrenia. | van der Stelt O et al. | — | 2007 | → |
| Alcoholism and the brain: an overview. | Oscar-Berman M et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Theta power in the EEG of alcoholics. | Rangaswamy M et al. | — | 2003 | → |
| Brain imaging. Functional consequences of ethanol in the central nervous system. | Lyons D et al. | — | 1998 | → |
| Measuring Electrical Activity of the Brain: ERP Mapping in Alcohol Research. | Chorlian DB et al. | — | 1995 | → |