Genome-wide association study of major depressive disorder: new results, meta-analysis, and lessons learned.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Wray, N R; Pergadia, M L; Blackwood, D H R; Penninx, B W J H; Gordon, S D; Nyholt, D R; Ripke, S; MacIntyre, D J; McGhee, K A; Maclean, A W; Smit, J H; Hottenga, J J; Willemsen, G; Middeldorp, C M; de Geus, E J C; Lewis, C M; McGuffin, P; Hickie, I B; van den Oord, E J C G; Liu, J Z; Macgregor, S; McEvoy, B P; Byrne, E M; Medland, S E; Statham, D J; Henders, A K; Heath, A C; Montgomery, G W; Martin, N G; Boomsma, D I; Madden, P A F; Sullivan, P F
- Year
- 2012
- Journal
- Molecular psychiatry
- PMID
- 21042317
- DOI
- 10.1038/mp.2010.109
- PMCID
- PMC3252611
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common complex disorder with a partly genetic etiology. We conducted a genome-wide association study of the MDD2000+ sample (2431 cases, 3673 screened controls and >1โM imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)). No SNPs achieved genome-wide significance either in the MDD2000+ study, or in meta-analysis with two other studies totaling 5763 cases and 6901 controls. These results imply that common variants of intermediate or large effect do not have main effects in the genetic architecture of MDD. Suggestive but notable results were (a) gene-based tests suggesting roles for adenylate cyclase 3 (ADCY3, 2p23.3) and galanin (GAL, 11q13.3); published functional evidence relates both of these to MDD and serotonergic signaling; (b) support for the bipolar disorder risk variant SNP rs1006737 in CACNA1C (P=0.020, odds ratio=1.10); and (c) lack of support for rs2251219, a SNP identified in a meta-analysis of affective disorder studies (P=0.51). We estimate that sample sizes 1.8- to 2.4-fold greater are needed for association studies of MDD compared with those for schizophrenia to detect variants that explain the same proportion of total variance in liability. Larger study cohorts characterized for genetic and environmental risk factors accumulated prospectively are likely to be needed to dissect more fully the etiology of MDD.
Quantileโquantile plots for the association analyses of (i) all cases and controls and (ii) recurrent early onset (iii) meta-analysis.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 5HTTLPR | variant |
| A6.0 local | cohort |
| ADCY3 | gene |
| Affymetrix | drug |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| anhedonia | phenotype |
| anxiety | phenotype |
| associated variant local | variant |
| Atypical Major Depressive Disorder local | phenotype |
| Australian (QIMR) sample local | cohort |
| Australian Twin Registry | cohort |
| autism | phenotype |
| bipolar disorder | phenotype |
| CACNA1C | gene |
| case group | cohort |
| common variants | cohort |
| control group | cohort |
| Decreased motor activity local | phenotype |
| Dutch33 local | cohort |
| Dutch sample | cohort |
| early age of onset | phenotype |
| female analysis local | cohort |
| full analysis local | cohort |
| GAIN-MDD | cohort |
| GAINโMDD local | cohort |
| GAIN-MDD12 local | cohort |
| GAIN-MDD sample local | cohort |
| Gal | gene |
| Galanin local | drug |
| genetic risk | cohort |
| GenRed13 local | cohort |
| GRIN1 | gene |
| HapMap3 CEU/TSI local | cohort |
| heritability (h2) | phenotype |
| hippocampus | anatomy |
| Hospital-based MDD cohorts local | cohort |
| Htr1b | gene |
| HTT | gene |
| Huntington's disease | phenotype |
| I317 local | cohort |
| I370 local | cohort |
| I610 local | cohort |
| IL10 | gene |
| Illumina platform | drug |
| Inter-related Project Grant Nicotine Addiction Genetics Cohort local | cohort |
| major depressive disorder | phenotype |
| male analysis local | cohort |
| MDD2000+ local | cohort |
| MDD2000+ project local | cohort |
| MDD2000+ sample local | cohort |
| MDD2000+ study local | cohort |
| MDD cases | cohort |
| men | cohort |
| meta-analysis | cohort |
| Molecular Genetics of Schizophrenia study local | cohort |
| mood disorders | phenotype |
| NESDA | cohort |
| Netherlands Study of Anxiety and Depression local | cohort |
| Netherlands Twin Register | cohort |
| neuroticism | phenotype |
| nicotine dependence | phenotype |
| NTR | cohort |
| Obsessiveโcompulsive disorder local | phenotype |
| OPRM1 | cohort |
| Other largest MDD GWAS studies local | cohort |
| panic disorder | phenotype |
| PCLO | gene |
| Pdk4 | gene |
| perinatal MDD local | phenotype |
| post-partum MDD local | phenotype |
| psychiatric disorders | phenotype |
| Psychiatric Genomics Consortium | cohort |
| psychosis | phenotype |
| QIMR | cohort |
| Queensland Institute of Medical Research | cohort |
| recurrence of depression local | phenotype |
| Recurrent Early Onset Major Depressive Disorder local | phenotype |
| REO local | phenotype |
| REO analysis local | cohort |
| rs1006737 local | variant |
| rs2156464 local | variant |
| rs2251219 | variant |
| rs2384061 local | variant |
| rs2522833 | variant |
| rs363099 local | variant |
| rs98545 local | variant |
| schizoaffective disorder | phenotype |
| schizophrenia | phenotype |
| Scottish MDD cases local | cohort |
| screened controls | cohort |
| serotonin | drug |
| sibling pairs | cohort |
| smoking | phenotype |
| substance use | phenotype |
| suicide | phenotype |
| tobacco dependence | phenotype |
| UK15 local | cohort |
| UK MDD local | cohort |
| UK MDD GWAS local | cohort |
| UK studies local | cohort |
| University of Edinburgh local | cohort |
| University of Edinburgh cohort local | cohort |
| variant | cohort |
| Ventral tegmentum local | anatomy |
| women | cohort |
| ZDHHC19 local | gene |
| ZNF83 local | gene |
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| Understanding the genetics of peripartum depression: Research challenges, strategies, and opportunities. | Lancaster EE et al. | โ | 2022 | โ |
| Adenylyl Cyclase (AC) Mediates the Antidepressant-Like Effects of Tropisetron on a Mouse Model of Maternal Separation Stress. | Hosseinzadeh A et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Altered effective connectivity in sensorimotor cortices is a signature of severity and clinical course in depression. | Ray D et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Analysis of Major Depression Risk Genes Reveals Evolutionary Conservation, Shared Phenotypes, and Extensive Genetic Interactions. | Sall S et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Association of job stress, CLOCK gene polymorphism and their interaction with poor sleep quality. | Li Y et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Ciliary neuropeptidergic signaling dynamically regulates excitatory synapses in postnatal neocortical pyramidal neurons. | Tereshko L et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Effects of polygenic risk score, childhood trauma and resilience on depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents in a three-year cohort study. | Shao N et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Epigenetic Targeting of Histone Deacetylases in Diagnostics and Treatment of Depression. | Park HS et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Genetic Architecture of Depression: Where Do We Stand Now? | Unal-Aydin P et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Influence of functional gene polymorphisms on human behaviour: the case of <i>CCR5</i>. | Albert PR | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Lack of association of FKBP5 SNPs and haplotypes with susceptibility and treatment response phenotypes in Han Chinese with major depressive disorder: A pilot case-control study (STROBE). | Yang C et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Network analysis for the symptom of depression with Children's Depression Inventory in a large sample of school-aged children. | Kim D et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Patterns of cilia gene dysregulations in major psychiatric disorders. | Alhassen W et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Polygenic risk score, healthy lifestyles, and risk of incident depression. | Cao Z et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Potential Genetic Overlap Between Insomnia and Sleep Symptoms in Major Depressive Disorder: A Polygenic Risk Score Analysis. | Melhuish Beaupre LM et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Selective ablation of type 3 adenylyl cyclase in somatostatin-positive interneurons produces anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in mice. | Yang XY et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Signatures of 4 autophagy-related genes as diagnostic markers of MDD and their correlation with immune infiltration. | He S et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| The genetic basis of major depression. | Kendall KM et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| Toward an Extended Definition of Major Depressive Disorder Symptomatology: Digital Assessment and Cross-validation Study. | Martin-Key NA et al. | โ | 2021 | โ |
| A joint study of whole exome sequencing and structural MRI analysis in major depressive disorder. | Zhang Y et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Application of a diathesis-stress model to the interplay of cortical structural development and emerging depression in youth. | Nielsen JD et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Association of adenylate cyclase-2 gene polymorphism with bipolar disorder. | Huang CB et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Cohort profile: the Australian genetics of depression study. | Byrne EM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Differential Experiences of Mental Health among Trans/Gender Diverse Adults in Michigan. | Kattari SK et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Elimination of galanin synthesis in noradrenergic neurons reduces galanin in select brain areas and promotes active coping behaviors. | Tillage RP et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Genetic heterogeneity in self-reported depressive symptoms identified through genetic analyses of the PHQ-9. | Thorp JG et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Genetics of resilience: Implications from genome-wide association studies and candidate genes of the stress response system in posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. | Maul S et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| High-fat diet negatively impacts both metabolic and behavioral health in outbred heterogeneous stock rats. | Deal AW et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Modulation of cognition and neuronal plasticity in gain- and loss-of-function mouse models of the schizophrenia risk gene Tcf4. | Badowska DM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Nature and Nurture: Effects of Affective Temperaments on Depressive Symptoms Are Markedly Modified by Stress Exposure. | Gonda X et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Neuroimaging Biomarkers for Predicting Treatment Response and Recurrence of Major Depressive Disorder. | Kang SG et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials examining the effectiveness of early parenting interventions in preventing internalising problems in children and adolescents. | Costantini I et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Restraint Stress in Mice Alters Set of 25 miRNAs Which Regulate Stress- and Depression-Related mRNAs. | Solich J et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Sex-dependent effects of Cacna1c haploinsufficiency on behavioral inhibition evoked by conspecific alarm signals in rats. | Wรถhr M et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Sex-dependent effects of Cacna1c haploinsufficiency on juvenile social play behavior and pro-social 50-kHz ultrasonic communication in rats. | Kisko TM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| The impact on estimations of genetic correlations by the use of super-normal, unscreened, and family-history screened controls in genome wide case-control studies. | Kendler KS et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| The Netrin-1/DCC Guidance Cue Pathway as a Molecular Target in Depression: Translational Evidence. | Torres-Berrรญo A et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| The Relationship between DNA Methylation and Antidepressant Medications: A Systematic Review. | Webb LM et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| The role of CACNA1C gene and childhood trauma interaction on bipolar disorder. | Bastos CR et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Using Genetic Risk Score Approaches to Infer Whether an Environmental Factor Attenuates or Exacerbates the Adverse Influence of a Candidate Gene. | Lin WY et al. | โ | 2020 | โ |
| Advance in Stress for Depressive Disorder. | Ding Y et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Are neuropeptides relevant for the mechanism of action of SSRIs? | Goลyszny M et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Cav1.2โฏL-type calcium channels regulate stress coping behavior via serotonin neurons. | Ehlinger DG et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Comparative Phosphoproteomic Profiling of Type III Adenylyl Cyclase Knockout and Control, Male, and Female Mice. | Zhou Y et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Genetic effects on white matter integrity in drug-naive patients with major depressive disorder: a diffusion tensor imaging study of 17 genetic loci associated with depressive symptoms. | Kakeda S et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Genetic variants in major depressive disorder: From pathophysiology to therapy. | Gonda X et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Genome-wide association studies of alcohol dependence, DSM-IV criterion count and individual criteria. | Lai D et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| GWAS of Behavioral Traits. | Mehta D et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Integrative analyses of major histocompatibility complex loci in the genome-wide association studies of major depressive disorder. | Li H et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Network Analysis of Depression-Related Transcriptomic Profiles. | Miao X et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Quantifying between-cohort and between-sex genetic heterogeneity in major depressive disorder. | Trzaskowski M et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Systems Approach to Identify Common Genes and Pathways Associated with Response to Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors and Major Depression Risk. | Srivastava A et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The association of obesity and coronary artery disease genes with response to SSRIs treatment in major depression. | Amare AT et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The genetics of depression: successful genome-wide association studies introduce new challenges. | Ormel J et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| The involvement of sleep in the relationship between the serotonin transporter gene-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and depression: A systematic review. | van Dalfsen JH et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Uncovering the Genetic Architecture of Major Depression. | McIntosh AM et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Unraveling the genetic architecture of major depressive disorder: merits and pitfalls of the approaches used in genome-wide association studies. | Schwabe I et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| What do DNA methylation studies tell us about depression? A systematic review. | Li M et al. | โ | 2019 | โ |
| Absence of <i>Wdr13</i> Gene Predisposes Mice to Mild Social Isolation - Chronic Stress, Leading to Depression-Like Phenotype Associated With Differential Expression of Synaptic Proteins. | Mitra S et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| A direct test of the diathesis-stress model for depression. | Colodro-Conde L et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Association between COMT Val158Met and psychiatric disorders: A comprehensive meta-analysis. | Taylor S | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Beta-defensin 1, aryl hydrocarbon receptor and plasma kynurenine in major depressive disorder: metabolomics-informed genomics. | Liu D et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| CACNA1C: Association With Psychiatric Disorders, Behavior, and Neurogenesis. | Moon AL et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Comprehensive cross-disorder analyses of CNTNAP2 suggest it is unlikely to be a primary risk gene for psychiatric disorders. | Toma C et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Does Childhood Trauma Moderate Polygenic Risk for Depression? A Meta-analysis of 5765 Subjects From the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. | Peyrot WJ et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Empirical Bayes Estimation of Semi-parametric Hierarchical Mixture Models for Unbiased Characterization of Polygenic Disease Architectures. | Nishino J et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Family History as an Important Factor for Stratifying Participants in Genetic Studies of Major Depression. | Zalar B et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Gene-based analysis of genes related to neurotrophic pathway suggests association of BDNF and VEGFA with antidepressant treatment-response in depressed patients. | Kao CF et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Genes associated with anhedonia: a new analysis in a large clinical trial (GENDEP). | Ren H et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Genetic risk of major depressive disorder: the moderating and mediating effects of neuroticism and psychological resilience on clinical and self-reported depression. | Navrady LB et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Genetics Factors in Major Depression Disease. | Shadrina M et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Genome-wide association analyses identify 44 risk variants and refine the genetic architecture of major depression. | Wray NR et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Genome-wide gene-environment interaction in depression: A systematic evaluation of candidate genes: The childhood trauma working-group of PGC-MDD. | Van der Auwera S et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Genome-wide scan of depressive symptomatology in two representative cohorts in the United States and the United Kingdom. | Mekli K et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Innovative protein translation into music and color image applicable for assessing protein alignment based on bio-mimicking human perception system. | Ghavami S et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Menin Deficiency Leads to Depressive-like Behaviors in Mice by Modulating Astrocyte-Mediated Neuroinflammation. | Leng L et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Molecular genetic overlap between migraine and major depressive disorder. | Yang Y et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Neuronal and astrocytic primary cilia in the mature brain. | Sterpka A et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Neuropeptide and Small Transmitter Coexistence: Fundamental Studies and Relevance to Mental Illness. | Hรถkfelt T et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Psychiatric Genomics: An Update and an Agenda. | Sullivan PF et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| Sample Size for Successful Genome-Wide Association Study of Major Depressive Disorder. | Nishino J et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The antidepressant-like effect of galanin in the dorsal raphe nucleus of rats involves GAL<sub>2</sub> receptors. | de Souza MM et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| The Gene Encoding Protocadherin 9 (PCDH9), a Novel Risk Factor for Major Depressive Disorder. | Xiao X et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| TPH2 polymorphisms across the spectrum of psychiatric morbidity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. | Ottenhof KW et al. | โ | 2018 | โ |
| A continuum of genetic liability for minor and major depression. | Corfield EC et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Adolescent depression linked to socioeconomic status? Molecular approaches for revealing premorbid risk factors. | Uddin M et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| An Analysis of Two Genome-wide Association Meta-analyses Identifies a New Locus for Broad Depression Phenotype. | Direk N et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| A Preliminary Study of Genetic Variation in the Dopaminergic and Serotonergic Systems and Genome-wide Additive Genetic Effects on Depression Severity and Treatment Response. | Palmer RH et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Assessing the presence of shared genetic architecture between Alzheimer's disease and major depressive disorder using genome-wide association data. | Gibson J et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Deletion of psychiatric risk gene Cacna1c impairs hippocampal neurogenesis in cell-autonomous fashion. | Vรถlkening B et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Epigenetic dysregulation of protocadherins in human disease. | El Hajj N et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Expert and self-assessment of lifetime symptoms and diagnosis of major depressive disorder in large-scale genetic studies in the general population: comparison of a clinical interview and a self-administered checklist. | Martin J et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Genetic effects influencing risk for major depressive disorder in China and Europe. | Bigdeli TB et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Genetic influences on the human oral microbiome. | Demmitt BA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Genetics of Depression: Progress at Last. | Mullins N et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Genome-wide Association for Major Depression Through Age at Onset Stratification: Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. | Power RA et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of hippocampus in rats indicated that TLR/NLR signaling pathway was involved in the pathogenisis of depressive disorder induced by chronic restraint stress. | Wang Y et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Intergenerational Transmission of Maternal Childhood Maltreatment Exposure: Implications for Fetal Brain Development. | Buss C et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. CI. Structures and Small Molecule Modulators of Mammalian Adenylyl Cyclases. | Dessauer CW et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Lessons from ten years of genome-wide association studies of asthma. | Vicente CT et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| New directions for the treatment of depression: Targeting the photic regulation of arousal and mood (PRAM) pathway. | Bowrey HE et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the relationship between diabetes and major depressive disorder. | Rรฉus GZ et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| TESC gene-regulating genetic variant (rs7294919) affects hippocampal subfield volumes and parahippocampal cingulum white matter integrity in major depressive disorder. | Han KM et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| The neuropeptides Galanin and Galanin(1-15) in depression-like behaviours. | Millรณn C et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Uncoupling protein 2 haplotype does not affect human brain structure and function in a sample of community-dwelling older adults. | Heise V et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Using Clinical Characteristics to Identify Which Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Have a Higher Genetic Load for Three Psychiatric Disorders. | Verduijn J et al. | โ | 2017 | โ |
| Ablation of Type III Adenylyl Cyclase in Mice Causes Reduced Neuronal Activity, Altered Sleep Pattern, and Depression-like Phenotypes. | Chen X et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Alterations in the neuropeptide galanin system in major depressive disorder involve levels of transcripts, methylation, and peptide. | Barde S et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Animal Models of Maternal Immune Activation in Depression Research. | Ronovsky M et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| A Novel Interaction between Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) Gene Polymorphism (rs4570625) and BDNF Val66Met Predicts a High-Risk Emotional Phenotype in Healthy Subjects. | Latsko MS et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| A powerful phenotype for gene-finding studies derived from trajectory analyses of symptoms of anxiety and depression between age seven and 18. | Lubke GH et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Association of CACNA1C Variants with Bipolar Disorder in the Korean Population. | Kim S et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Changes in Galanin Systems in a Rat Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). | Barnabas K et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Common variants in FKBP5 gene and major depressive disorder (MDD) susceptibility: a comprehensive meta-analysis. | Rao S et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Disease and Polygenic Architecture: Avoid Trio Design and Appropriately Account for Unscreened Control Subjects for Common Disease. | Peyrot WJ et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Epigenetic Modifications of Major Depressive Disorder. | Saavedra K et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Familial aggregation and heritability of the melancholic and atypical subtypes of depression. | Lamers F et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Genes Involved in Neurodevelopment, Neuroplasticity, and Bipolar Disorder: CACNA1C, CHRNA1, and MAPK1. | Calabrรฒ M et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Genome-wide linkage on chromosome 10q26 for a dimensional scale of major depression. | Knowles EE et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Heritability of major depressive and comorbid anxiety disorders in multi-generational families at high risk for depression. | Guffanti G et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Heritability of Perinatal Depression and Genetic Overlap With Nonperinatal Depression. | Viktorin A et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Identification of SLC25A37 as a major depressive disorder risk gene. | Huo YX et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Meta-analysis of the COMT Val158Met polymorphism in major depressive disorder: the role of gender. | Klein M et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Models of Intergenerational and Transgenerational Transmission of Risk for Psychopathology in Mice. | Klengel T et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Neural substrates of trait impulsivity, anhedonia, and irritability: Mechanisms of heterotypic comorbidity between externalizing disorders and unipolar depression. | Zisner A et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Polygenic interactions with environmental adversity in the aetiology of major depressive disorder. | Mullins N et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Recurrent major depression and right hippocampal volume: A bivariate linkage and association study. | Mathias SR et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Regulation of neurological and neuropsychiatric phenotypes by locus coeruleus-derived galanin. | Weinshenker D et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| The Genetics of Stress-Related Disorders: PTSD, Depression, and Anxiety Disorders. | Smoller JW | โ | 2016 | โ |
| The impact of CACNA1C allelic variation on regional gray matter volume in Chinese population. | Huang L et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| Type 3 adenylyl cyclase: a key enzyme mediating the cAMP signaling in neuronal cilia. | Qiu L et al. | โ | 2016 | โ |
| A common risk variant in CACNA1C supports a sex-dependent effect on longitudinal functioning and functional recovery from episodes of schizophrenia-spectrum but not bipolar disorder. | Heilbronner U et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Blood transcriptomic markers for major depression: from animal models to clinical settings. | Redei EE et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Candidate gene-environment interaction research: reflections and recommendations. | Dick DM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Comparative genome-wide association studies of a depressive symptom phenotype in a repeated measures setting by race/ethnicity in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. | Ware EB et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Comprehensive gene- and pathway-based analysis of depressive symptoms in older adults. | Nho K et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Depression sum-scores don't add up: why analyzing specific depression symptoms is essential. | Fried EI et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| DISC1 gene and affective psychopathology: a combined structural and functional MRI study. | Opmeer EM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Epigenetic mechanisms underlying the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in depression and response to antidepressants. | Duclot F et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Epigenetics and depressive disorders: a review of current progress and future directions. | Januar V et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Explore the Features of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Mood Disorders. | Yeh FC et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Expression and interaction of TNF-ฮฑ and VEGF in chronic stress-induced depressive rats. | Li B et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Familiality and SNP heritability of age at onset and episodicity in major depressive disorder. | Ferentinos P et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| FRAS1-related extracellular matrix 3 (FREM3) single-nucleotide polymorphism effects on gene expression, amygdala reactivity and perceptual processing speed: An accelerated aging pathway of depression risk. | Nikolova YS et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Functional characterization of the PCLO p.Ser4814Ala variant associated with major depressive disorder reveals cellular but not behavioral differences. | Giniatullina A et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Gene-environment interaction in major depression: focus on experience-dependent biological systems. | Lopizzo N et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Genetic analysis of SNPs in CACNA1C and ANK3 gene with schizophrenia: A comprehensive meta-analysis. | Nie F et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Genetic determinants of depression: recent findings and future directions. | Dunn EC et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Genetics and Epigenetics of Eating Disorders. | Yilmaz Z et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Genetics in child and adolescent psychiatry: methodological advances and conceptual issues. | Hohmann S et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Genome-wide methylation study on depression: differential methylation and variable methylation in monozygotic twins. | Cรณrdova-Palomera A et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Meta-analysis of Genome-wide Association Studies for Neuroticism, and the Polygenic Association With Major Depressive Disorder. | Genetics of Personality Consortium et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Physiology, signaling, and pharmacology of galanin peptides and receptors: three decades of emerging diversity. | Lang R et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Polygenic risk, stressful life events and depressive symptoms in older adults: a polygenic score analysis. | Musliner KL et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Problematic assumptions have slowed down depression research: why symptoms, not syndromes are the way forward. | Fried EI | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Prospective associations between prenatal adversities and borderline personality disorder at 11-12 years. | Winsper C et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Psychometric precision in phenotype definition is a useful step in molecular genetic investigation of psychiatric disorders. | Xu MK et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Risk assessment and predicting outcomes in patients with depressive symptoms: a review of potential role of peripheral blood based biomarkers. | Jani BD et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Seasonality shows evidence for polygenic architecture and genetic correlation with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. | Byrne EM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| Specific and common genes implicated across major mental disorders: a review of meta-analysis studies. | Gatt JM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The association between lower educational attainment and depression owing to shared genetic effects? Results in ~25,000 subjects. | Peyrot WJ et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| The proteome of schizophrenia. | Nascimento JM et al. | โ | 2015 | โ |
| 708 Common and 2010 rare DISC1 locus variants identified in 1542 subjects: analysis for association with psychiatric disorder and cognitive traits. | Thomson PA et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A change in hippocampal protocadherin gamma expression in a learned helpless rat. | Garafola CS et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A conserved BDNF, glutamate- and GABA-enriched gene module related to human depression identified by coexpression meta-analysis and DNA variant genome-wide association studies. | Chang LC et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A genome-wide association analysis of a broad psychosis phenotype identifies three loci for further investigation. | Psychosis Endophenotypes International Consortium et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Analysis of ANK3 and CACNA1C variants identified in bipolar disorder whole genome sequence data. | Fiorentino A et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Applying polygenic risk scores to postpartum depression. | Byrne EM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A recessive genetic model and runs of homozygosity in major depressive disorder. | Power RA et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Assessing the utility of intermediate phenotypes for genetic mapping of psychiatric disease. | Flint J et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Association of HTR2A T102C and A-1438G polymorphisms with susceptibility to major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis. | Zhao X et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Blood transcriptomic biomarkers in adult primary care patients with major depressive disorder undergoing cognitive behavioral therapy. | Redei EE et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Brain galanin system genes interact with life stresses in depression-related phenotypes. | Juhasz G et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| CACNA1C risk variant affects reward responsiveness in healthy individuals. | Lancaster TM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Chronic pain. Decreased motivation during chronic pain requires long-term depression in the nucleus accumbens. | Schwartz N et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Commentary: Response to commentary by Rutter on Munafo et al. (2014). | Munafรฒ MR et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Different genetic factors influence specific symptom dimensions of DSM-IV major depression. | McGuffin P | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Dysregulated nitric oxide signaling as a candidate mechanism of fragile X syndrome and other neuropsychiatric disorders. | Colvin SM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Epigenetics and depression: return of the repressed. | Dalton VS et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Epigenetics in posttraumatic stress disorder. | Rampp C et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Etiological heterogeneity of symptom dimensions of adolescent depression. | Chen J et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Evaluating the role of a galanin enhancer genotype on a range of metabolic, depressive and addictive phenotypes. | Richardson TG et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genetic adaptation of the human circadian clock to day-length latitudinal variations and relevance for affective disorders. | Forni D et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genetic influences on alcohol use across stages of development: GABRA2 and longitudinal trajectories of drunkenness from adolescence to young adulthood. | Dick DM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genetic risk score analysis indicates migraine with and without comorbid depression are genetically different disorders. | Ligthart L et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genetic variants in the genes of the stress hormone signalling pathway and depressive symptoms during and after pregnancy. | Schneider M et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genetic variation in CACNA1C affects neural processing in major depression. | Backes H et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genome-wide association study identifies new disease loci for isolated clubfoot. | Zhang TX et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genome-wide association study of monoamine metabolite levels in human cerebrospinal fluid. | Luykx JJ et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Genome-wide polygenic scoring for a 14-year long-term average depression phenotype. | Chang SC et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Harmonization of Neuroticism and Extraversion phenotypes across inventories and cohorts in the Genetics of Personality Consortium: an application of Item Response Theory. | van den Berg SM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Herbal medicine (Gan Mai Da Zao decoction) for depression: a systematic review protocol. | Jun JH et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Horizons of psychiatric genetics and epigenetics: where are we and where are we heading? | Mostafavi Abdolmaleky H | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Interactions between diabetes and anxiety and depression: implications for treatment. | Bystritsky A et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Investigating the genetic variation underlying episodicity in major depressive disorder: suggestive evidence for a bipolar contribution. | Ferentinos P et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Large-scale genomics unveils the genetic architecture of psychiatric disorders. | Gratten J et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Long-term effects of maternal immune activation on depression-like behavior in the mouse. | Khan D et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| MORC1 exhibits cross-species differential methylation in association with early life stress as well as genome-wide association with MDD. | Nieratschker V et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Neurotrophins and psychiatric disorders. | Castrรฉn E | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Pharmacometabolomics: implications for clinical pharmacology and systems pharmacology. | Kaddurah-Daouk R et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Premorbid risk factors for major depressive disorder: are they associated with early onset and recurrent course? | Wilson S et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Prenatal risk factors for depression: a critical review of the evidence and potential mechanisms. | Braithwaite EC et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Rare copy number variation in treatment-resistant major depressive disorder. | O'Dushlaine C et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Relationship between obesity and the risk of clinically significant depression: Mendelian randomisation study. | Hung CF et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Replication of brain function effects of a genome-wide supported psychiatric risk variant in the CACNA1C gene and new multi-locus effects. | Erk S et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Revitalizing psychiatric therapeutics. | Hyman SE | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The co-occurrence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and unipolar depression in children and adolescents: a meta-analytic review. | Meinzer MC et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The genetics of major depression. | Flint J et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| The role of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels Cav1.2 and Cav1.3 in normal and pathological brain function. | Berger SM et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| Transcriptional dys-regulation in anxiety and major depression: 5-HT1A gene promoter architecture as a therapeutic opportunity. | Albert PR et al. | โ | 2014 | โ |
| A genome-wide association study of depressive symptoms. | Hek K et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| A mega-analysis of genome-wide association studies for major depressive disorder. | Major Depressive Disorder Working Group of the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Association between autozygosity and major depression: stratification due to religious assortment. | Abdellaoui A et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Association of DISC1 variants with age of onset in a population-based sample of recurrent major depression. | Thomson PA et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Association of galanin and major depressive disorder in the Chinese Han population. | Wang YJ et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Association of genetic variation in CACNA1C with bipolar disorder in Han Chinese. | Zhang X et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Biological substrates underpinning diagnosis of major depression. | Sibille E et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| CACNA1C risk variant and amygdala activity in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and healthy controls. | Tesli M et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Clinical classification in mental health at the cross-roads: which direction next? | Hickie IB et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Cognitive endophenotypes in a family with bipolar disorder with a risk locus on chromosome 4. | Drysdale E et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Considering trauma exposure in the context of genetics studies of posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review. | Digangi J et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Distinct features of neurotransmitter systems in the human brain with focus on the galanin system in locus coeruleus and dorsal raphe. | Le Maรฎtre E et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Evaluating differential developmental trajectories to adolescent-onset mood and psychotic disorders. | Hickie IB et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Evidence for multiple genetic factors underlying DSM-IV criteria for major depression. | Kendler KS et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| FMR1, circadian genes and depression: suggestive associations or false discovery? | Kripke DF et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Gene-environment interactions in major depressive disorder. | Klengel T et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs. | Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Genome-wide association study meta-analysis of European and Asian-ancestry samples identifies three novel loci associated with bipolar disorder. | Chen DT et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Genome-wide scan of job-related exhaustion with three replication studies implicate a susceptibility variant at the UST gene locus. | Sulkava S et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Integrative mouse and human mRNA studies using WGCNA nominates novel candidate genes involved in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder. | Malki K et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Manipulating the sleep-wake cycle and circadian rhythms to improve clinical management of major depression. | Hickie IB et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in brain samples from patients with major psychiatric disorders: gene expression profiles, mtDNA content and presence of the mtDNA common deletion. | Torrell H et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Modulatory effects of the piccolo genotype on emotional memory in health and depression. | Woudstra S et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Neuronal cell-type specific DNA methylation patterns of the Cacna1c gene. | Nishioka M et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Novel biomarkers in major depression. | Schneider B et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Pharmacometabolomic mapping of early biochemical changes induced by sertraline and placebo. | Kaddurah-Daouk R et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Polygenic risk and white matter integrity in individuals at high risk of mood disorder. | Whalley HC et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| Role of neuropeptides in anxiety, stress, and depression: from animals to humans. | Kormos V et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The current state of play on the molecular genetics of depression. | Cohen-Woods S et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The evolutionary significance of depression in Pathogen Host Defense (PATHOS-D). | Raison CL et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The genetic basis of depression. | Hodgson K et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The implications of genomics on the nursing care of adults with neuropsychiatric conditions. | Schutte DL et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The protective effect of the obesity-associated rs9939609 A variant in fat mass- and obesity-associated gene on depression. | Samaan Z et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| The psychiatric vulnerability gene CACNA1C and its sex-specific relationship with personality traits, resilience factors and depressive symptoms in the general population. | Strohmaier J et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| WITHDRAWN: Neuronal cell-type specific DNA methylation patterns of the Cacna1cgene. | Nishioka M et al. | โ | 2013 | โ |
| ANK3 and CACNA1C--missing genetic link for bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder in two German case-control samples. | Kloiber S et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Associations between LSAMP gene polymorphisms and major depressive disorder and panic disorder. | Koido K et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| A study of the combined effects of the EHD3 and FREM3 genes in patients with major depressive disorder. | Shi C et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Behavioral genetics of affective and anxiety disorders. | Domschke K et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Cannabinoid receptor genotype moderation of the effects of childhood physical abuse on anhedonia and depression. | Agrawal A et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Common SNPs explain some of the variation in the personality dimensions of neuroticism and extraversion. | Vinkhuyzen AA et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Different gene sets contribute to different symptom dimensions of depression and anxiety. | van Veen T et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Dissecting the genetic heterogeneity of depression through age at onset. | Power RA et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Effect of genetic variant in BICC1 on functional and structural brain changes in depression. | Bermingham R et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Electroconvulsive stimulations prevent chronic stress-induced increases in L-type calcium channel mRNAs in the hippocampus and basolateral amygdala. | Maigaard K et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Estimating the genetic variance of major depressive disorder due to all single nucleotide polymorphisms. | Lubke GH et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Evidence-based psychiatric genetics, AKA the false dichotomy between common and rare variant hypotheses. | Visscher PM et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Excessive daytime sleepiness in sleep disorders. | Slater G et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Gene-environment interaction in major depression and antidepressant treatment response. | Keers R et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Genome-wide and gene-based association implicates FRMD6 in Alzheimer disease. | Hong MG et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Genome-wide association uncovers shared genetic effects among personality traits and mood states. | Luciano M et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Genomic structural variation in psychiatric disorders. | Rucker JJ et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Integration of GWAS SNPs and tissue specific expression profiling reveal discrete eQTLs for human traits in blood and brain. | Hernandez DG et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Levels of explanation in psychiatric and substance use disorders: implications for the development of an etiologically based nosology. | Kendler KS | โ | 2012 | โ |
| MK4MDD: a multi-level knowledge base and analysis platform for major depressive disorder. | Guo L et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Multi-locus genome-wide association analysis supports the role of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the etiology of major depressive disorder. | Lee PH et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Piccolo genotype modulates neural correlates of emotion processing but not executive functioning. | Woudstra S et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| Termination and activation of store-operated cyclic AMP production. | Maiellaro I et al. | โ | 2012 | โ |
| The dappled nature of causes of psychiatric illness: replacing the organic-functional/hardware-software dichotomy with empirically based pluralism. | Kendler KS | โ | 2012 | โ |
| The genetic basis of mood and anxiety disorders - changing paradigms. | Binder EB | โ | 2012 | โ |
| What does the developing brain tell us about neural diseases? | Stoeckli ET | โ | 2012 | โ |
| A 3p26-3p25 genetic linkage finding for DSM-IV major depression in heavy smoking families. | Pergadia ML et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Differential activity by polymorphic variants of a remote enhancer that supports galanin expression in the hypothalamus and amygdala: implications for obesity, depression and alcoholism. | Davidson S et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Identification of tag haplotypes for 5HTTLPR for different genome-wide SNP platforms. | Vinkhuyzen AA et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Prioritization and evaluation of depression candidate genes by combining multidimensional data resources. | Kao CF et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Replication of association of 3p21.1 with susceptibility to bipolar disorder but not major depression. | Breen G et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| The 712A/G polymorphism of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with Parkinson's disease but not Major Depressive Disorder in a Chinese Han population. | Chen L et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| The genetic association between personality and major depression or bipolar disorder. A polygenic score analysis using genome-wide association data. | Middeldorp CM et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| The neuronal transporter gene SLC6A15 confers risk to major depression. | Kohli MA et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| Underestimated effect sizes in GWAS: fundamental limitations of single SNP analysis for dichotomous phenotypes. | Stringer S et al. | โ | 2011 | โ |
| A genome-wide association study of Cloninger's temperament scales: implications for the evolutionary genetics of personality. | Verweij KJ et al. | โ | 2010 | โ |