Cortical Abnormalities Associated With Pediatric and Adult Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Findings From the ENIGMA Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Working Group.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Boedhoe, Premika S W; Schmaal, Lianne; Abe, Yoshinari; Alonso, Pino; Ameis, Stephanie H; Anticevic, Alan; Arnold, Paul D; Batistuzzo, Marcelo C; Benedetti, Francesco; Beucke, Jan C; Bollettini, Irene; Bose, Anushree; Brem, Silvia; Calvo, Anna; Calvo, Rosa; Cheng, Yuqi; Cho, Kang Ik K; Ciullo, Valentina; Dallaspezia, Sara; Denys, Damiaan; Feusner, Jamie D; Fitzgerald, Kate D; Fouche, Jean-Paul; Fridgeirsson, Egill A; Gruner, Patricia; Hanna, Gregory L; Hibar, Derrek P; Hoexter, Marcelo Q; Hu, Hao; Huyser, Chaim; Jahanshad, Neda; James, Anthony; Kathmann, Norbert; Kaufmann, Christian; Koch, Kathrin; Kwon, Jun Soo; Lazaro, Luisa; Lochner, Christine; Marsh, Rachel; MartΓnez-ZalacaΓn, Ignacio; Mataix-Cols, David; MenchΓ³n, JosΓ© M; Minuzzi, Luciano; Morer, Astrid; Nakamae, Takashi; Nakao, Tomohiro; Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C; Nishida, Seiji; Nurmi, Erika; O'Neill, Joseph; Piacentini, John; Piras, Fabrizio; Piras, Federica; Reddy, Y C Janardhan; Reess, Tim J; Sakai, Yuki; Sato, Joao R; Simpson, H Blair; Soreni, Noam; Soriano-Mas, Carles; Spalletta, Gianfranco; Stevens, Michael C; Szeszko, Philip R; Tolin, David F; van Wingen, Guido A; Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan; Walitza, Susanne; Wang, Zhen; Yun, Je-Yeon; ENIGMA-OCD Working Group; Thompson, Paul M; Stein, Dan J; van den Heuvel, Odile A; ENIGMA OCD Working Group
- Year
- 2018
- Journal
- The American journal of psychiatry
- PMID
- 29377733
- DOI
- 10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17050485
- PMCID
- PMC7106947
OBJECTIVE: Brain imaging studies of structural abnormalities in OCD have yielded inconsistent results, partly because of limited statistical power, clinical heterogeneity, and methodological differences. The authors conducted meta- and mega-analyses comprising the largest study of cortical morphometry in OCD ever undertaken. METHOD: T-weighted MRI scans of 1,905 OCD patients and 1,760 healthy controls from 27 sites worldwide were processed locally using FreeSurfer to assess cortical thickness and surface area. Effect sizes for differences between patients and controls, and associations with clinical characteristics, were calculated using linear regression models controlling for age, sex, site, and intracranial volume. RESULTS: In adult OCD patients versus controls, we found a significantly lower surface area for the transverse temporal cortex and a thinner inferior parietal cortex. Medicated adult OCD patients also showed thinner cortices throughout the brain. In pediatric OCD patients compared with controls, we found significantly thinner inferior and superior parietal cortices, but none of the regions analyzed showed significant differences in surface area. However, medicated pediatric OCD patients had lower surface area in frontal regions. Cohen's d effect sizes varied from -0.10 to -0.33. CONCLUSIONS: The parietal cortex was consistently implicated in both adults and children with OCD. More widespread cortical thickness abnormalities were found in medicated adult OCD patients, and more pronounced surface area deficits (mainly in frontal regions) were found in medicated pediatric OCD patients. These cortical measures represent distinct morphological features and may be differentially affected during different stages of development and illness, and possibly moderated by disease profile and medication.
Mega-analysis effect sizes for regions that showed a significant (q<0.05) difference in cortical thickness between adult OCD patients and healthy controls. Negative effect sizes d (red) indicate cortical thinning in OCD compared to controls
LLM interpretation
This figure consists of four brain surface maps showing regional cortical thickness differences between adult OCD patients and healthy controls for the left and right hemispheres. Red-shaded regions indicate negative effect sizes ($d$), representing significant cortical thinning in OCD patients compared to controls. A color scale on the right maps the effect size $d$, ranging from -0.15 (red) to 0.15 (blue).
Mega-analysis effect sizes for regions that showed a significant (q<0.05) difference in cortical thickness between pediatric OCD patients and healthy controls. Negative effect sizes d (red) indicate cortical thinning in OCD compared to controls
LLM interpretation
This figure consists of four brain surface maps showing regional cortical thickness differences between pediatric OCD patients and healthy controls for the left and right hemispheres. Red-shaded regions indicate negative effect sizes ($d$), representing significant cortical thinning in the OCD group compared to controls. A color scale on the right maps the effect size $d$, ranging from -0.15 (red) to 0.15 (blue).
Mega-analysis effect sizes for regions that showed a significant (q<0.05) difference in cortical thickness between adult medicated OCD patients and healthy controls. Negative effect sizes d (red) indicate cortical thinning in OCD compared to controls.
LLM interpretation
This figure consists of four brain surface maps showing regional cortical thickness differences between adult medicated OCD patients and healthy controls for the left and right hemispheres. A color scale represents the effect size $d$, where red and orange hues indicate cortical thinning in OCD patients and grey indicates non-significant regions. The visualization shows widespread areas of cortical thinning (negative effect sizes) across both hemispheres.
Mega-analysis effect sizes for regions that showed a significant (q<0.05) difference in cortical surface area between pediatric medicated OCD patients and healthy controls. Negative effect sizes d (red) indicate reduced cortical surface area in OCD compared to controls.
LLM interpretation
This figure consists of four brain surface maps showing the regional cortical surface area differences between pediatric medicated OCD patients and healthy controls for the left and right hemispheres. Red-shaded regions indicate a negative effect size ($d$), representing a significant reduction ($q < 0.05$) in cortical surface area in the OCD group compared to controls. A color scale on the right maps the effect size $d$, ranging from -0.15 (red) to 0.15 (blue).
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| ACC | anatomy |
| adult illness onset local | phenotype |
| Adult illness onset local | phenotype |
| adult OCD local | cohort |
| Adult OCD group local | cohort |
| adult OCD patients local | cohort |
| Adult OCD patients local | cohort |
| Adult OCD patients with adult illness onset local | cohort |
| Adult OCD patients with childhood illness onset local | cohort |
| Adult OCD patients with childhood-onset local | cohort |
| adult-onset group local | cohort |
| Adult-onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder local | phenotype |
| adult patients with childhood disease onset local | cohort |
| adults | cohort |
| Adults with OCD local | cohort |
| age at onset | phenotype |
| angular gyrus | anatomy |
| anterior cingulate cortex | anatomy |
| antidepressants | drug |
| anti-OCD medication local | drug |
| antipsychotics | drug |
| anxiety | phenotype |
| attention | phenotype |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | phenotype |
| auditory hallucinations | phenotype |
| brain | anatomy |
| brain structure | anatomy |
| cerebral hemispheres | anatomy |
| Childhood illness onset local | phenotype |
| childhood-onset group local | cohort |
| Childhood-onset Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder local | phenotype |
| children | cohort |
| Children with OCD local | cohort |
| Classical CSTC regions local | anatomy |
| cognition | phenotype |
| cognitive flexibility | phenotype |
| Comorbid depression local | phenotype |
| control | cohort |
| controls | cohort |
| cortex | anatomy |
| cortical gray matter region local | anatomy |
| cortical measures local | phenotype |
| cortical surface area | anatomy |
| cortical thickness | phenotype |
| Cortical thickness abnormalities local | phenotype |
| Cortical thickness abnormality local | phenotype |
| cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit | anatomy |
| current comorbid anxiety disorder local | phenotype |
| current comorbid depression local | phenotype |
| Currently medicated OCD patients local | cohort |
| current study | cohort |
| default mode network | anatomy |
| depression | phenotype |
| Desikan-Killiany atlas local | drug |
| dorsomedial prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| ENIGMA | cohort |
| ENIGMA consortium | cohort |
| ENIGMA-OCD working group | cohort |
| FreeSurfer | drug |
| frontal cortex | anatomy |
| Frontal surface area local | anatomy |
| fronto-limbic region local | anatomy |
| fronto-parietal network | anatomy |
| fronto-parietal region | anatomy |
| gray matter thickness local | anatomy |
| head motion | phenotype |
| healthy controls | cohort |
| hippocampus | anatomy |
| Hormonal influence local | drug |
| Illness duration local | phenotype |
| Illness severity local | phenotype |
| Illness severity (CY-BOCS) local | phenotype |
| inferior parietal lobe | anatomy |
| Intracranial volume local | drug |
| Lateral occipital cortex | anatomy |
| left cuneus | anatomy |
| Left hemisphere total surface area local | anatomy |
| Left pars opercularis local | anatomy |
| left transverse temporal cortex local | anatomy |
| Left transverse temporal cortex local | anatomy |
| Lingual cortex | anatomy |
| major depressive disorder | phenotype |
| medicated adult OCD patients | cohort |
| Medicated children with OCD local | cohort |
| Medicated group local | cohort |
| medicated OCD patients local | cohort |
| medicated patients | cohort |
| Medicated pediatric OCD cohort local | cohort |
| medicated pediatric OCD patients | cohort |
| medication | drug |
| OBIC consortium local | cohort |
| OBIC sample local | cohort |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | phenotype |
| Obsessive-compulsive severity | phenotype |
| occipital cortex | anatomy |
| OCD | phenotype |
| OCD Brain Imaging Consortium local | cohort |
| Operculum local | anatomy |
| orbitofrontal cortex | anatomy |
| ordering and symmetry symptoms local | phenotype |
| ordering/symmetry dimension local | phenotype |
| pallidum | anatomy |
| parietal cortex | anatomy |
| pediatric cohort | cohort |
| Pediatric OCD local | cohort |
| Pediatric OCD cohort local | cohort |
| Pediatric OCD group local | cohort |
| Pediatric OCD patients local | cohort |
| Pediatric OCD patients with ordering and symmetry symptoms local | cohort |
| Pediatric participants local | cohort |
| Pericalcarine cortex local | anatomy |
| planning | phenotype |
| primary auditory cortex | anatomy |
| puberty | phenotype |
| response inhibition | phenotype |
| Right hemisphere total surface area local | anatomy |
| schizophrenia | phenotype |
| Set shifting | phenotype |
| study cohort | cohort |
| Subcortical volume differences local | phenotype |
| superior parietal cortex | anatomy |
| supramarginal gyrus | anatomy |
| surface area | phenotype |
| Surface area deficits local | phenotype |
| symptom dimension | phenotype |
| T1-weighted MRI local | drug |
| temporal region | anatomy |
| Temporo-Parietal Region local | anatomy |
| thalamus | anatomy |
| Tourette syndrome | phenotype |
| transverse temporal cortex local | anatomy |
| Transverse temporal cortex local | anatomy |
| Unmedicated group local | cohort |
| unmedicated OCD patients local | cohort |
| Unmedicated OCD patients local | cohort |
| Unmedicated pediatric OCD cohort local | cohort |
| whole-hemisphere measure local | anatomy |
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In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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