The relationship between genetic influences on alcohol dependence and on patterns of alcohol consumption.
- Authors
- Kendler, Kenneth S; Myers, John; Dick, Danielle; Prescott, Carol A
- Year
- 2010
- Journal
- Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
- PMID
- 20374207
- DOI
- 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01181.x
- PMCID
- PMC3010209
BACKGROUND: Genetic factors impact substantially both on alcohol consumption (AC) and on the risk for alcohol dependence (AD). However, we know little about the degree to which measures of AC index the genetic risk for AD. METHODS: We assessed a lifetime history of AD by DSM-IV criteria and four measures of AC at the time of heaviest drinking (drink frequency, regular quantity, maximum quantity, and drunk frequency) in 5,073 adult twins from same-sex pairs from the Virginia Twin Registry. Structural models were fitted using Mx. RESULTS: We found evidence for different genetic structure in the sexes. In women, genetic risk for AD and for the four measures of AC was entirely shared. In men, the AC measures captured 85% of the genetic risk for AD. In women, the genetic relationship with AD was strongest for drunk frequency and in men for both drunk frequency and regular quantity. CONCLUSIONS: In a population-based sample of twins, four relatively simple measures of AC obtained for the time of lifetime heaviest drinking were able to capture all (in women) or a very large proportion (in men) of the genetic risk for the complex multi-dimensional construct of AD. If replicated, these results have practical implications for studies aiming to assess genetic risk for AD.
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| # | Section | Preview |
|---|---|---|
| 40 | LIMITATIONS | Third, we excluded lifetime nondrinkers from these analyses. Statistical methods do exist that would⦠|
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| A1 local | gene |
| A1 genetic factor local | gene |
| A2 local | variant |
| AC measures local | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol consumption measures | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| Alcoholic drink local | drug |
| Alcohol Initiation | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| alcohol use disorders | phenotype |
| Alzheimer's disease | phenotype |
| Australian Twin Registry | cohort |
| beer | drug |
| Clinically ascertained twin cohort local | cohort |
| consumption patterns | phenotype |
| current study | cohort |
| days per month local | phenotype |
| drinkers | phenotype |
| Drinking habits in the past year local | phenotype |
| drinks per week | phenotype |
| drug dependence | phenotype |
| DSM-IV criteria local | drug |
| Femaleβfemale twin pairs local | cohort |
| FF4 | anatomy |
| FF twin pairs local | cohort |
| Grant et al. 2009 study local | cohort |
| Heaviest drinking consumption measures local | phenotype |
| Life-time abstainers local | phenotype |
| lifetime alcohol use | phenotype |
| Lifetime heaviest drinking local | phenotype |
| Lifetime nondrinkers local | phenotype |
| liquor | drug |
| Maleβmale twin pairs local | cohort |
| maximum quantity | phenotype |
| MM1 local | cohort |
| MM2 local | cohort |
| Narrowing of behavioral focus local | phenotype |
| participants | cohort |
| Population based twin cohort local | cohort |
| problematic use | phenotype |
| Regular frequency local | phenotype |
| Regular low-quantity drinking local | phenotype |
| regular quantity local | phenotype |
| Regular quantity local | phenotype |
| Regular Quantity local | phenotype |
| Same-sex twin cohort local | cohort |
| sex | phenotype |
| tolerance | phenotype |
| Twin cohort | cohort |
| Use despite persistent problems local | phenotype |
| VATSPSUD | cohort |
| Virginia born twins local | cohort |
| Virginia Commonwealth University local | cohort |
| Virginia Twin Registry | cohort |
| Virginia twins local | cohort |
| wine | drug |
| zygosity | phenotype |
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