Ancestry informative marker sets for determining continental origin and admixture proportions in common populations in America.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Kosoy, Roman; Nassir, Rami; Tian, Chao; White, Phoebe A; Butler, Lesley M; Silva, Gabriel; Kittles, Rick; Alarcon-Riquelme, Marta E; Gregersen, Peter K; Belmont, John W; De La Vega, Francisco M; Seldin, Michael F
- Year
- 2009
- Journal
- Human mutation
- PMID
- 18683858
- DOI
- 10.1002/humu.20822
- PMCID
- PMC3073397
To provide a resource for assessing continental ancestry in a wide variety of genetic studies, we identified, validated, and characterized a set of 128 ancestry informative markers (AIMs). The markers were chosen for informativeness, genome-wide distribution, and genotype reproducibility on two platforms (TaqMan assays and Illumina arrays). We analyzed genotyping data from 825 subjects with diverse ancestry, including European, East Asian, Amerindian, African, South Asian, Mexican, and Puerto Rican. A comprehensive set of 128 AIMs and subsets as small as 24 AIMs are shown to be useful tools for ascertaining the origin of subjects from particular continents, and to correct for population stratification in admixed population sample sets. Our findings provide general guidelines for the application of specific AIM subsets as a resource for wide application. We conclude that investigators can use TaqMan assays for the selected AIMs as a simple and cost efficient tool to control for differences in continental ancestry when conducting association studies in ethnically diverse populations.
Analysis of population genetic structure using In4 AIMsEach vertical line represents an individual subject. Along the abscissa each self identified population group is shown. The population groups include European American (EURA, 188 subjects), West African (AFR, 98 subjects), Amerindian (AMI, 88 subjects), East Asian (105 subjects), South Asian (SAS, 64 subjects) African American (88 subjects), Puerto Rican American (PRA, 28 subjects), Mexican American (MAM, 40 subjects) and Mexican (MXN, 26 subjects). Analyses were performed without any prior population assignment. Analyses for the128 In4 marker set are shown for 4 population groups (K=4) in (A), and K=5 in (B). Analyses for 64 In4 for K=5 in (C) and K=3 (without East or South Asian samples) in (D).
Correlation between the estimations of genetic contribution using different AIM sets and 128 In4 AIMsThe abscissa shows the 128 In4 result and the ordinate the result using the color coded AIM set. The individual for African contribution in African Americans [(A) and (B)], European contribution in Puerto Ricans [(C) and (D)], and Amerindian in Mexicans and Mexican Americans [(E) and (F)] are shown based on STRUCTURE analyses.
Correction of population stratification in association tests using different AIM setsThree population specific alleles were used to model phenotypes prevalent in a particular population. The ordinate shows the χ2 value with the first value showing the Armitage test result. The correction for false positive association tests (EIGENSTRAT analyses) using either 200K SNP markers, or the selected AIM sets are shown along the abscissa. The surrogate cases are defined by homozygosity for: (A) and (D) allele A for rs 2675348 in SLC24A5 locus; (B) allele A for rs1446585 in LCT locus; (C) allele A for rs100008281 in ADH1B locus. The surrogate cases are chosen in 865 samples from EURA, AFR, and EAS populations in (A), (B) and (C); and from 1847 African American samples in D). The dashed bold line represent nominal significance level (p=0.05) corrected for 200K independent tests: χ2 = 26.6 (p=2.5e-7). The marker shade/color indicates the location of relative to the locus chosen to define the surrogate phenotype. The dark markers are located on chromosomes that do not contain the locus defining the surrogate phenotype while the lighter markers are located near the locus.
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 128 In4 local | drug |
| 128 In4 set local | variant |
| 24 In4 local | cohort |
| 48 In2 local | cohort |
| 96 In4 local | cohort |
| 96 In4 local | drug |
| 96 In4 SNP AIMs local | variant |
| 96 SNP panel local | variant |
| ABI 7900 Sequence Detection System local | drug |
| ADH1B | gene |
| admixed population | cohort |
| ADMIXMAP | drug |
| AFR | cohort |
| African | cohort |
| African American | cohort |
| African American genotypes local | cohort |
| AIMs local | drug |
| AIMs | variant |
| AIM SNP set local | variant |
| Amerindian | cohort |
| Amerindian ancestry | cohort |
| Amerindian ancestry local | phenotype |
| Amerindian contribution local | phenotype |
| Ami | cohort |
| ancestry groups | cohort |
| ancestry informative markers | variant |
| autosomal SNPs | cohort |
| Bini local | cohort |
| Bini West African local | cohort |
| blood samples | cohort |
| Bola De Oro local | cohort |
| California | cohort |
| cases | cohort |
| Central Mexico local | cohort |
| CEPH | cohort |
| CEPH Europeans local | cohort |
| CEU | cohort |
| CHB | cohort |
| Chimaltenango Guatemala local | cohort |
| Chinese | cohort |
| Chinese American | cohort |
| Cienega Grande local | cohort |
| continental AIMs local | drug |
| continental ancestry local | phenotype |
| Continental ancestry local | phenotype |
| continental ancestry estimation local | phenotype |
| continental population groups local | cohort |
| continental populations local | cohort |
| Continental populations local | cohort |
| controls | cohort |
| cystic fibrosis | phenotype |
| deCODE | cohort |
| deCODE genetic map local | cohort |
| disease risk | phenotype |
| DNA | drug |
| EAs | cohort |
| East Asian | cohort |
| East Asian genotypes local | cohort |
| East Asian HapMap populations local | cohort |
| East Asian subjects local | cohort |
| Edo State local | cohort |
| EURA local | cohort |
| EURNIHLN genotypes local | cohort |
| European admixture local | drug |
| European/Amerindian difference local | phenotype |
| European ancestry | cohort |
| European contribution local | phenotype |
| European contribution in PRA local | phenotype |
| European population | cohort |
| Filipino | cohort |
| Filipino American local | cohort |
| HapMap | cohort |
| HapMap panel local | cohort |
| HCB local | cohort |
| healthy | phenotype |
| Houston local | cohort |
| human skin pigmentation local | phenotype |
| I-control database local | cohort |
| iControlDB local | cohort |
| I-ControlDB local | cohort |
| Illumina 300K array local | drug |
| Illumina SNP array local | drug |
| In2 local | cohort |
| In2 AIMs local | drug |
| In2 markers (48) local | drug |
| In2 marker sets local | drug |
| In4 local | cohort |
| In4 local | drug |
| In4 AIMs local | drug |
| In4 AIMs local | variant |
| In4 markers local | drug |
| In4 markers (24) local | drug |
| In4 markers (48) local | drug |
| In4 markers (64) local | drug |
| In4 markers (96) local | drug |
| In4 marker set local | drug |
| In4 set local | cohort |
| In4 SNPs local | variant |
| individual ancestry assignment local | phenotype |
| Japanese | cohort |
| Japanese American | cohort |
| JPT | cohort |
| KAH local | cohort |
| Kanuri local | cohort |
| Kanuri West African local | cohort |
| Korean American local | cohort |
| lactase persistence local | phenotype |
| lactase tolerance phenotype local | phenotype |
| Lake Chad region local | cohort |
| LCT | gene |
| MAM/MXN local | cohort |
| Mayan local | cohort |
| Mayan Amerindians local | cohort |
| Mexican American | cohort |
| Mexico City | cohort |
| Mixed population | cohort |
| multiethnic populations local | cohort |
| Nahua local | cohort |
| Nahua Amerindians local | cohort |
| New York Cancer Project local | cohort |
| New York City local | cohort |
| NIH Laboratory of Neurogenetics local | cohort |
| northern European populations local | cohort |
| North Shore local | cohort |
| NYCPFA local | cohort |
| Peru | cohort |
| Pima local | cohort |
| population clusters local | phenotype |
| population genetic structure local | phenotype |
| population specific loci local | phenotype |
| population stratification | phenotype |
| population structure | phenotype |
| Puerto Rican American | cohort |
| Quechuan local | cohort |
| Quechuan Amerindians local | cohort |
| rs10008281 local | variant |
| rs1229984 | variant |
| rs1426654 | variant |
| rs1446585 | variant |
| rs2675348 local | variant |
| rs4871195 local | variant |
| rs4988235 | variant |
| sample set local | cohort |
| Sample sets local | cohort |
| SAS | cohort |
| single nucleotide polymorphism | variant |
| SLC24A5 local | gene |
| SLC24A5 phenotype local | phenotype |
| SNP | cohort |
| SNP AIMs local | drug |
| South Asian | cohort |
| South-Asian local | cohort |
| South Asian background local | cohort |
| South Asian Indian Americans local | cohort |
| South Asian population local | cohort |
| Structure | drug |
| subjects studied local | cohort |
| surrogate phenotype local | phenotype |
| Surrogate phenotype local | phenotype |
| surrogate phenotypes local | phenotype |
| TaqMan assay | drug |
| TaqMan Genotyping Master Mix | drug |
| TaqMan® platform local | drug |
| TaqMan SNP genotyping assay local | drug |
| Taqman SNP Genotyping Assays | drug |
| underserved minority groups local | cohort |
| unspecified East Asian Americans local | cohort |
| VAH local | cohort |
| Vietnamese American local | cohort |
| Vietnamese Americans local | cohort |
| West African local | cohort |
| West African ancestry local | phenotype |
| West African contribution local | phenotype |
| Yoruban African local | cohort |
| YRI | cohort |
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| Genetic variants in COL13A1, ADIPOQ and SAMM50, in addition to the PNPLA3 gene, confer susceptibility to elevated transaminase levels in an admixed Mexican population. | Larrieta-Carrasco E et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Gene variants in AKT1, GCKR and SOCS3 are differentially associated with metabolic traits in Mexican Amerindians and Mestizos. | Cid-Soto MA et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Human ancestry indentification under resource constraints -- what can one chromosome tell us about human biogeographical ancestry? | Toma TT et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Impact of histamine receptors H1 and H3 polymorphisms on antipsychotic-induced weight gain. | Tiwari AK et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Implementing a biogeographic ancestry inference service for forensic casework. | Jin S et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Improving ancestry distinctions among Southwest Asian populations. | Bulbul O et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Inferring biogeographic ancestry with compound markers of slow and fast evolving polymorphisms. | Moriot A et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Massively parallel sequencing of 124 SNPs included in the precision ID identity panel in three East Asian minority ethnicities. | Liu J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Racial and Ethnic Differences in the Relationship between Aspirin Use and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Risk and Survival. | Erickson P et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Selecting microhaplotypes optimized for different purposes. | Kidd KK et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Susceptibility to Plasmodium vivax malaria associated with DARC (Duffy antigen) polymorphisms is influenced by the time of exposure to malaria. | Kano FS et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| The redesigned Forensic Research/Reference on Genetics-knowledge base, FROG-kb. | Kidd KK et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Risk Scores Are Associated With Increased Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among African Americans by Cardiometabolic Status. | Layton J et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Vitamin D metabolic loci and preeclampsia risk in multi-ethnic pregnant women. | Baca KM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Vitamin D metabolic loci and vitamin D status in Black and White pregnant women. | Baca KM et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| Weight of the evidence of genetic investigations of ancestry informative markers. | Tvedebrink T et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| West African Ancestry and Nocturnal Blood Pressure in African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study. | Booth JN et al. | — | 2018 | → |
| A combined linkage and association strategy identifies a variant near the GSTP1 gene associated with BMI in the Mexican population. | Villamil-Ramírez H et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A Functional Toll-Interacting Protein Variant Is Associated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-Specific Immune Responses and Tuberculosis. | Shah JA et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Ancestry inference using principal component analysis and spatial analysis: a distance-based analysis to account for population substructure. | Byun J et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Ancestry Informative Marker Panel to Estimate Population Stratification Using Genome-wide Human Array. | Barbosa FB et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Ancestry prediction in Singapore population samples using the Illumina ForenSeq kit. | Ramani A et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A panel of 130 autosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms for ancestry assignment in five Asian populations and in Caucasians. | Hwa HL et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A Pilot Genome-Wide Association Study in Postmenopausal Mexican-Mestizo Women Implicates the RMND1/CCDC170 Locus Is Associated with Bone Mineral Density. | Villalobos-Comparán M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Case report: on the use of the HID-Ion AmpliSeq™ Ancestry Panel in a real forensic case. | Hollard C et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Circulating Triglycerides and the Association of Triglycerides with Dietary Intake Are Altered by Alpha-2-Heremans-Schmid Glycoprotein Polymorphisms. | Robinson KN et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Comprehensive molecular profiling of 718 Multiple Myelomas reveals significant differences in mutation frequencies between African and European descent cases. | Manojlovic Z et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Developmental validation of a custom panel including 273 SNPs for forensic application using Ion Torrent PGM. | Zhang S et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Evaluating 130 microhaplotypes across a global set of 83 populations. | Kidd KK et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Evaluating genetic ancestry and self-reported ethnicity in the context of carrier screening. | Shraga R et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Exomic variants of an elderly cohort of Brazilians in the ABraOM database. | Naslavsky MS et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Forensically relevant SNaPshot<sup>®</sup> assays for human DNA SNP analysis: a review. | Mehta B et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Forensic genetic analyses in isolated populations with examples of central European Valachs and Roma. | Ehler E et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Genetic Ancestry Is not Associated with Breast Cancer Recurrence or Survival in U.S. Latina Women Enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente Pathways Study. | Engmann NJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Genetic variants in <i>KCNJ11</i>, <i>TCF7L2</i> and <i>HNF4A</i> are associated with type 2 diabetes, BMI and dyslipidemia in families of Northeastern Mexico: A pilot study. | Gallardo-Blanco HL et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Impact of Genetic Ancestry on Outcomes in ECOG-ACRIN-E5103. | Schneider BP et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Increasing the reference populations for the 55 AISNP panel: the need and benefits. | Pakstis AJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Interaction between FTO rs9939609 and the Native American-origin ABCA1 rs9282541 affects BMI in the admixed Mexican population. | Villalobos-Comparán M et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Investigation of the <i>COMT</i> Val158Met variant association with age of onset of psychosis, adjusting for cannabis use. | Lodhi RJ et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Neanderthal-Derived Genetic Variation Shapes Modern Human Cranium and Brain. | Gregory MD et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Novel colon cancer susceptibility variants identified from a genome-wide association study in African Americans. | Wang H et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| Prediction of biogeographical ancestry from genotype: a comparison of classifiers. | Cheung EYY et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| The 22Rv1 prostate cancer cell line carries mixed genetic ancestry: Implications for prostate cancer health disparities research using pre-clinical models. | Woods-Burnham L et al. | — | 2017 | → |
| A minimum set of ancestry informative markers for determining admixture proportions in a mixed American population: the Brazilian set. | Santos HC et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A panel of 74 AISNPs: Improved ancestry inference within Eastern Asia. | Li CX et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| A single-tube 27-plex SNP assay for estimating individual ancestry and admixture from three continents. | Wei YL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Association between PNPLA3 (rs738409), LYPLAL1 (rs12137855), PPP1R3B (rs4240624), GCKR (rs780094), and elevated transaminase levels in overweight/obese Mexican adults. | Flores YN et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Association with Spontaneous Hepatitis C Viral Clearance and Genetic Differentiation of IL28B/IFNL4 Haplotypes in Populations from Mexico. | Gonzalez-Aldaco K et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Burden of potentially pathologic copy number variants is higher in children with isolated congenital heart disease and significantly impairs covariate-adjusted transplant-free survival. | Kim DS et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Circulating Procollagen Type III N-Terminal Peptide and Mortality Risk in African Americans With Heart Failure. | Mansour IN et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Common variants at PVT1, ATG13-AMBRA1, AHI1 and CLEC16A are associated with selective IgA deficiency. | Bronson PG et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Embryonic aneuploidy does not differ among genetic ancestry according to continental origin as determined by ancestry informative markers. | Franasiak JM et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| FKBP5 interacts with maltreatment in children with extreme, pervasive, and persistent aggression. | Bryushkova L et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Frequencies of HID-ion ampliseq ancestry panel markers among greenlanders. | Espregueira Themudo G et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Gender-Dependent Association of FTO Polymorphisms with Body Mass Index in Mexicans. | Saldaña-Alvarez Y et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Genetic African Ancestry and Markers of Mineral Metabolism in CKD. | Gutiérrez OM et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Genetic structure and differentiation analysis of a Eurasian Uyghur population by use of 27 continental ancestry-informative SNPs. | Wei YL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Genetic variants determining survival and fertility in an adverse African environment: a population-based large-scale candidate gene association study. | Koopman JJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Genome-Wide Association Study of Late-Onset Myasthenia Gravis: Confirmation of <i>TNFRSF11A</i> and Identification of <i>ZBTB10</i> and Three Distinct HLA Associations. | Seldin MF et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Genotypically determined ancestry across an infertile population: ovarian reserve and response parameters are not influenced by continental origin. | Olcha M et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Heterogenous Distribution of MTHFR Gene Variants among Mestizos and Diverse Amerindian Groups from Mexico. | Contreras-Cubas C et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Human enamel thickness and ENAM polymorphism. | Daubert DM et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Human ULK1 Variation and Susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection. | Horne DJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Increased Nigral SLC6A3 Activity in Schizophrenia Patients: Findings From the Toronto-McLean Cohorts. | Kennedy JL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Mutational Landscape of Aggressive Prostate Tumors in African American Men. | Lindquist KJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Next generation sequencing of SNPs using the HID-Ion AmpliSeq™ Identity Panel on the Ion Torrent PGM™ platform. | Guo F et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| On the use of Chinese population as a proxy of Amerindian ancestors in genetic admixture studies with Latin American populations. | de Moura RR et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Optimal serum cholesterol concentrations are associated with accelerated bone loss in African ancestry men. | Kuipers AL et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Polymorphism in ficolin-1 (FCN1) gene is associated with an earlier onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents from northeast Brazil. | Anjosa ZP et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Population inference from contemporary American craniometrics. | Algee-Hewitt BF | — | 2016 | → |
| PREMIX: PRivacy-preserving EstiMation of Individual admiXture. | Chen F et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Privacy-preserving genomic testing in the clinic: a model using HIV treatment. | McLaren PJ et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Race/ethnicity, genetic ancestry, and breast cancer-related lymphedema in the Pathways Study. | Kwan ML et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Selection of highly informative SNP markers for population affiliation of major US populations. | Zeng X et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Single nucleotide polymorphism near CREB1, rs7591784, is associated with pretreatment methamphetamine use frequency and outcome of outpatient treatment for methamphetamine use disorder. | Heinzerling KG et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and interleukin (IL) 18 genes polymorphisms are correlated with susceptibility to HPV infection in patients with and without cervical intraepithelial lesion. | Tavares MC et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| What Ancestry Can Tell Us About the Genetic Origins of Inter-Ethnic Differences in Asthma Expression. | Hernandez-Pacheco N et al. | — | 2016 | → |
| 52 additional reference population samples for the 55 AISNP panel. | Pakstis AJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| A genetic risk score is associated with hepatic triglyceride content and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in Mexicans with morbid obesity. | León-Mimila P et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Ancestry informative markers for distinguishing between Thai populations based on genome-wide association datasets. | Vongpaisarnsin K et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Association of Genes, Pathways, and Haplogroups of the Mitochondrial Genome with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort. | Li Y et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Association of specific PTEN/10q haplotypes with endometrial cancer phenotypes in African-American and European American women. | Sutton J et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Associations of prodynorphin sequence variation with alcohol dependence and related traits are phenotype-specific and sex-dependent. | Winham SJ et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| DRD4 long allele carriers show heightened attention to high-priority items relative to low-priority items. | Gorlick MA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Effect of occupational exposures on lung cancer susceptibility: a study of gene-environment interaction analysis. | Malhotra J et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Family Economic Hardship, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Polymorphisms, and Depressive Symptoms in Rural African-American Youths. | Chen YF et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Forensic genetic analysis of bio-geographical ancestry. | Phillips C | — | 2015 | → |
| Genetic analysis of the pathogenic molecular sub-phenotype interferon-alpha identifies multiple novel loci involved in systemic lupus erythematosus. | Kariuki SN et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Genetic ancestry as an effect modifier of naltrexone in smoking cessation among African Americans: an analysis of a randomized controlled trial. | Bress A et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Genetic variation in metallothionein and metal-regulatory transcription factor 1 in relation to urinary cadmium, copper, and zinc. | Adams SV et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Genome wide identification of new genes and pathways in patients with both autoimmune thyroiditis and type 1 diabetes. | Tomer Y et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| High interpopulation homogeneity in Central Argentina as assessed by Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMs). | García A et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| HLA class II genes modulate vaccine-induced antibody responses to affect HIV-1 acquisition. | Prentice HA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Investigation of TSPO variants in schizophrenia and antipsychotic treatment outcomes. | Pouget JG et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Performance of a next generation sequencing SNP assay on degraded DNA. | Gettings KB et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Pleiotropic and sex-specific effects of cancer GWAS SNPs on melanoma risk in the population architecture using genomics and epidemiology (PAGE) study. | Kocarnik JM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Racial disparity in breast cancer survival: the impact of pre-treatment hematologic variables. | Wang C et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Reduced SNP panels for genetic identification and introgression analysis in the dark honey bee (Apis mellifera mellifera). | Muñoz I et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Relationship of pain and ancestry in African American women. | Robbins JA et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Significant clinical impact of recurrent BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in Mexico. | Villarreal-Garza C et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| The association between APOL1 risk alleles and longitudinal kidney function differs by HIV viral suppression status. | Estrella MM et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| Tracking crop varieties using genotyping-by-sequencing markers: a case study using cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). | Rabbi IY et al. | — | 2015 | → |
| African ancestry influences CCR5 -2459G>A genotype-associated virologic success of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | Cheruvu VK et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| A polymorphism in TLR2 is associated with arterial thrombosis in a multiethnic population of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | Kaiser R et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Applying genome-wide gene-based expression quantitative trait locus mapping to study population ancestry and pharmacogenetics. | Yang HC et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Association of cancer susceptibility variants with risk of multiple primary cancers: The population architecture using genomics and epidemiology study. | Park SL et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Association of genetic ancestry with breast cancer in ethnically diverse women from Chicago. | Al-Alem U et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Building a forensic ancestry panel from the ground up: The EUROFORGEN Global AIM-SNP set. | Phillips C et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Cross-cancer pleiotropic analysis of endometrial cancer: PAGE and E2C2 consortia. | Setiawan VW et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Current sequencing technology makes microhaplotypes a powerful new type of genetic marker for forensics. | Kidd KK et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| DEFB1 polymorphisms are involved in susceptibility to human papillomavirus infection in Brazilian gynaecological patients. | Segat L et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Developing a novel panel of genome-wide ancestry informative markers for bio-geographical ancestry estimates. | Jia J et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Developmental validation of mitochondrial DNA genotyping assays for adept matrilineal inference of biogeographic ancestry at a continental level. | Chaitanya L et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Epistasis between serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5 (SPINK5) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) genes contributes to childhood asthma. | Biagini Myers JM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Evaluating the accuracy of AIM panels at quantifying genome ancestry. | Pardo-Seco J et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Fine-mapping IGF1 and prostate cancer risk in African Americans: the multiethnic cohort study. | Giorgi EE et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| FTO polymorphisms moderate the association of food reinforcement with energy intake. | Scheid JL et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Genetic markers associated with abstinence length in alcohol-dependent subjects treated with acamprosate. | Karpyak VM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| HLA class I, KIR, and genome-wide SNP diversity in the RV144 Thai phase 3 HIV vaccine clinical trial. | Prentice HA et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| HLA-G gene polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis disease and its severity in Brazilian patients. | Catamo E et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Interethnic admixture and the evolution of Latin American populations. | Salzano FM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Optimization of a pentaplex panel for MSI analysis without control DNA in a Brazilian population: correlation with ancestry markers. | Campanella NC et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Patient genotypes impact survival after surgery for isolated congenital heart disease. | Kim DS et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Performance of HLA allele prediction methods in African Americans for class II genes HLA-DRB1, -DQB1, and -DPB1. | Levin AM et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Pleiotropic associations of risk variants identified for other cancers with lung cancer risk: the PAGE and TRICL consortia. | Park SL et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Pleiotropic effects of genetic risk variants for other cancers on colorectal cancer risk: PAGE, GECCO and CCFR consortia. | Cheng I et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Pleiotropy of cancer susceptibility variants on the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the PAGE consortium. | Lim U et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Progress toward an efficient panel of SNPs for ancestry inference. | Kidd KK et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Relationship between glaucoma and admixture in postmenopausal African American women. | Garcia L et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| Strong genetic admixture in the Altai at the Middle Bronze Age revealed by uniparental and ancestry informative markers. | Hollard C et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| WNT3A gene polymorphisms are associated with bone mineral density variation in postmenopausal mestizo women of an urban Mexican population: findings of a pathway-based high-density single nucleotide screening. | Velázquez-Cruz R et al. | — | 2014 | → |
| An anthropological genetic perspective on Creolization in the Anglophone Caribbean. | Torres JB et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| A panel of ancestry informative markers for the complex five-way admixed South African coloured population. | Daya M et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| A small number of candidate gene SNPs reveal continental ancestry in African Americans. | Kodaman N et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Dopamine D4 receptor gene variation is associated with context-dependent attention for emotion stimuli. | Wells TT et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| ETHNOPRED: a novel machine learning method for accurate continental and sub-continental ancestry identification and population stratification correction. | Hajiloo M et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| First all-in-one diagnostic tool for DNA intelligence: genome-wide inference of biogeographic ancestry, appearance, relatedness, and sex with the Identitas v1 Forensic Chip. | Keating B et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| From single-SNP to wide-locus: genome-wide association studies identifying functionally related genes and intragenic regions in small sample studies. | Wittkowski KM et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Genetic ancestry and risk of mortality among U.S. Latinas with breast cancer. | Fejerman L et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Genetic variation in the inflammation and innate immunity pathways and colorectal cancer risk. | Wang H et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Germline and somatic genetic variations of TNFAIP3 in lymphoma complicating primary Sjogren's syndrome. | Nocturne G et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| HAART-associated dyslipidemia varies by biogeographical ancestry in the multicenter AIDS cohort study. | Nicholaou MJ et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Inference of human continental origin and admixture proportions using a highly discriminative ancestry informative 41-SNP panel. | Nievergelt CM et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Racial and ethnic health disparities in reproductive medicine: an evidence-based overview. | Owen CM et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Relationship between hysterectomy and admixture in African American women. | Qi L et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Replication of genetic loci for ages at menarche and menopause in the multi-ethnic Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study. | Carty CL et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Replication of genome wide association studies of alcohol dependence: support for association with variation in ADH1C. | Biernacka JM et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Revisiting the genetic ancestry of Brazilians using autosomal AIM-Indels. | Saloum de Neves Manta F et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Skeletal muscle adiposity is associated with serum lipid and lipoprotein levels in Afro-Caribbean men. | Miljkovic I et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Socioeconomic status and lung cancer: unraveling the contribution of genetic admixture. | Aldrich MC et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The GenoChip: a new tool for genetic anthropology. | Elhaik E et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| The National DNA Data Bank of Canada: a Quebecer perspective. | Milot E et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| Two functional serotonin polymorphisms moderate the effect of food reinforcement on BMI. | Carr KA et al. | — | 2013 | → |
| African ancestry, early life exposures, and respiratory morbidity in early childhood. | Kumar R et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| African ancestry is associated with asthma risk in African Americans. | Flores C et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| ALFRED: an allele frequency resource for research and teaching. | Rajeevan H et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Amerindian genetic ancestry protects against Alzheimer's disease. | Benedet AL et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Ancestral effect on HOMA-IR levels quantitated in an American population of Mexican origin. | Qu HQ et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Association study of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes identifies a novel lung cancer susceptibility locus near CHRNA1 in African-Americans. | Walsh KM et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Brazilian urban population genetic structure reveals a high degree of admixture. | Giolo SR et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations among ovarian cancer patients from Colombia. | Rodríguez AO et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Classical HLA-DRB1 and DPB1 alleles account for HLA associations with primary biliary cirrhosis. | Invernizzi P et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Consistent directions of effect for established type 2 diabetes risk variants across populations: the population architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Consortium. | Haiman CA et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Design, conduct, and analysis of a multicenter, pharmacogenomic, biomarker study in matched patients with severe sepsis treated with or without drotrecogin Alfa (activated). | Annane D et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Estrogen-related genes and their contribution to racial differences in breast cancer risk. | Reding KW et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| European genetic ancestry is associated with a decreased risk of lupus nephritis. | Richman IB et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Evidence for gene-gene epistatic interactions among susceptibility loci for systemic lupus erythematosus. | Hughes T et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Examination of ancestral informative markers and self-reported race with tumor characteristics of breast cancer among Black and White women. | Reding KW et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Genetic analysis of ancestry, admixture and selection in Bolivian and Totonac populations of the New World. | Watkins WS et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Genetic ancestry-smoking interactions and lung function in African Americans: a cohort study. | Aldrich MC et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Genetic risk factors for thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. | Kaiser R et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Genetic susceptibility to therapy-related leukemia after Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma: role of drug metabolism, apoptosis and DNA repair. | Ding Y et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Human leukocyte antigen profiles of latin american populations: differential admixture and its potential impact on hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | Arrieta-Bolaños E et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Identifying genetic variation for alcohol dependence. | Agrawal A et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Impact of genetic ancestry and sociodemographic status on the clinical expression of systemic lupus erythematosus in American Indian-European populations. | Sánchez E et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Indigenous American ancestry is associated with arsenic methylation efficiency in an admixed population of northwest Mexico. | Gomez-Rubio P et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Integrative analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms and gene expression efficiently distinguishes samples from closely related ethnic populations. | Yang HC et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Introducing the Forensic Research/Reference on Genetics knowledge base, FROG-kb. | Rajeevan H et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Meta-analysis of genetic polymorphisms in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) reveals shared susceptibility loci with rheumatoid arthritis. | Chung SA et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Non-hispanic whites have higher risk for pulmonary impairment from pulmonary tuberculosis. | Pasipanodya JG et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| PNPLA3 polymorphisms and liver aminotransferase levels in a Mexican American population. | Li Q et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Relationship between adiposity and admixture in African-American and Hispanic-American women. | Nassir R et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Relationship between diabetes risk and admixture in postmenopausal African-American and Hispanic-American women. | Qi L et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Relationship between gallbladder surgery and ethnic admixture in African American and Hispanic American women. | Nassir R et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Relationship between hypertension and admixture in post-menopausal African American and Hispanic American women. | Kosoy R et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Risk for myasthenia gravis maps to a (151) Pro→Ala change in TNIP1 and to human leukocyte antigen-B*08. | Gregersen PK et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Risk variants for psoriasis vulgaris in a large case-control collection and association with clinical subphenotypes. | Julià A et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Sparse principal component analysis for identifying ancestry-informative markers in genome-wide association studies. | Lee S et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Straightforward inference of ancestry and admixture proportions through ancestry-informative insertion deletion multiplexing. | Pereira R et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| The role of complementary bipartite visual analytical representations in the analysis of SNPs: a case study in ancestral informative markers. | Bhavnani SK et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Translational genomic medicine: common metabolic traits and ancestral components of Mexican Americans. | Qu HQ et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Underlying genetic structure impacts the association between CYP2B6 polymorphisms and response to efavirenz and nevirapine. | Frasco MA et al. | — | 2012 | → |
| Analyses of a set of 128 ancestry informative single-nucleotide polymorphisms in a global set of 119 population samples. | Kidd JR et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Ancestral heterogeneity in a biethnic stroke population. | Lisabeth LD et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Associations between genetic variants in vitamin D metabolism and asthma characteristics in young African Americans: a pilot study. | Pillai DK et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Duffy-null-associated low neutrophil counts influence HIV-1 susceptibility in high-risk South African black women. | Ramsuran V et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Fine-mapping and transethnic genotyping establish IL2/IL21 genetic association with lupus and localize this genetic effect to IL21. | Hughes T et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Genetic associations with metabolic syndrome and its quantitative traits by race/ethnicity in the United States. | Vassy JL et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Genetic basis of autoantibody positive and negative rheumatoid arthritis risk in a multi-ethnic cohort derived from electronic health records. | Kurreeman F et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Genetic heterogeneity of self-reported ancestry groups in an admixed Brazilian population. | Lins TC et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Genetic variants of TSLP and asthma in an admixed urban population. | Liu M et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Identification of novel genetic susceptibility loci in African American lupus patients in a candidate gene association study. | Sánchez E et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Improving human forensics through advances in genetics, genomics and molecular biology. | Kayser M et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Multiplex genotyping system for efficient inference of matrilineal genetic ancestry with continental resolution. | van Oven M et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Past, present and future of forensic DNA typing. | Giardina E et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Pharmacogenetic approach at the serotonin transporter gene as a method of reducing the severity of alcohol drinking. | Johnson BA et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Phenotypic associations of genetic susceptibility loci in systemic lupus erythematosus. | Sanchez E et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Race, ancestry, and development of food-allergen sensitization in early childhood. | Kumar R et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Race as a social construct in head and neck cancer outcomes. | Worsham MJ et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Replication of association of a novel insulin receptor gene polymorphism with polycystic ovary syndrome. | Goodarzi MO et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes in Native American populations. | Kidd JR et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Stronger bone correlates with African admixture in African-American women. | Chen Z et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| The Next PAGE in understanding complex traits: design for the analysis of Population Architecture Using Genetics and Epidemiology (PAGE) Study. | Matise TC et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| The rs4774 CIITA missense variant is associated with risk of systemic lupus erythematosus. | Bronson PG et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Type 2 diabetes risk variants and colorectal cancer risk: the Multiethnic Cohort and PAGE studies. | Cheng I et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Using electronic health records to drive discovery in disease genomics. | Kohane IS | — | 2011 | → |
| Validation of a small set of ancestral informative markers for control of population admixture in African Americans. | Ruiz-Narváez EA et al. | — | 2011 | → |
| Ancestry and disease in the age of genomic medicine. | Rotimi CN et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Assessing individual interethnic admixture and population substructure using a 48-insertion-deletion (INSEL) ancestry-informative marker (AIM) panel. | Santos NP et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Assessing the accuracy of observer-reported ancestry in a biorepository linked to electronic medical records. | Dumitrescu L et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Association of fetal inflammation and coagulation pathway gene polymorphisms with neurodevelopmental delay at age 2 years. | Clark EA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| CoAIMs: a cost-effective panel of ancestry informative markers for determining continental origins. | Londin ER et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Comparative description of haplotype structure and genetic diversity of MDR1 (ABCB1) in HIV-positive and HIV-negative populations. | Benish RL et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Development of admixture mapping panels for African Americans from commercial high-density SNP arrays. | Chen G et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Development of two multiplex mini-sequencing panels of ancestry informative SNPs for studies in Latin Americans: an application to populations of the State of Minas Gerais (Brazil). | Silva MC et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Differences in albuminuria between Hispanics and whites: an evaluation by genetic ancestry and country of origin: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. | Peralta CA et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| European population substructure correlates with systemic lupus erythematosus endophenotypes in North Americans of European descent. | Richman IB et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Evaluating self-declared ancestry of U.S. Americans with autosomal, Y-chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA. | Lao O et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Functional variants of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 gene associate with asthma susceptibility. | Sun X et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Genetically determined Amerindian ancestry correlates with increased frequency of risk alleles for systemic lupus erythematosus. | Sanchez E et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Genetic composition of Brazilian population samples based on a set of twenty-eight ancestry informative SNPs. | Lins TC et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Genetic variation within the hypothalamus-pituitary-ovarian axis in women with recurrent miscarriage. | Hanna CW et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Microbial DNA fingerprinting of human fingerprints: dynamic colonization of fingertip microflora challenges human host inferences for forensic purposes. | Tims S et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Self-reported ethnicity, genetic structure and the impact of population stratification in a multiethnic study. | Wang H et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Supervised machine learning and logistic regression identifies novel epistatic risk factors with PTPN22 for rheumatoid arthritis. | Briggs FB et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| Tourette syndrome is associated with recurrent exonic copy number variants. | Sundaram SK et al. | — | 2010 | → |
| An ancestry informative marker set for determining continental origin: validation and extension using human genome diversity panels. | Nassir R et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| An assessment of the portability of ancestry informative markers between human populations. | Myles S et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Ancestry informative markers and admixture proportions in northeastern Mexico. | Martinez-Fierro ML et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| A risk variant in an miR-125b binding site in BMPR1B is associated with breast cancer pathogenesis. | Saetrom P et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| European population genetic substructure: further definition of ancestry informative markers for distinguishing among diverse European ethnic groups. | Tian C et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| European population substructure is associated with mucocutaneous manifestations and autoantibody production in systemic lupus erythematosus. | Chung SA et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| High-density SNP screening of the major histocompatibility complex in systemic lupus erythematosus demonstrates strong evidence for independent susceptibility regions. | Barcellos LF et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Susceptibility locus in neurokinin-1 receptor gene associated with alcohol dependence. | Seneviratne C et al. | — | 2009 | → |
| Accounting for ancestry: population substructure and genome-wide association studies. | Tian C et al. | — | 2008 | → |
| Analysis of East Asia genetic substructure using genome-wide SNP arrays. | Tian C et al. | — | 2008 | → |