Alcoholism and human electrophysiology.
paper
Primary
Public
- Authors
- Porjesz, Bernice; Begleiter, Henri
- Year
- 2003
- Journal
- Alcohol research & health : the journal of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
- PMID
- 15303626
- PMCID
- PMC6668890
Electroencephalography (EEG), the recording of electrical signals from the brain, provides a noninvasive measure of brain function as it is happening. Research using EEG, as well as event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related oscillations (EROs), which measure brain activity in response to a specific stimulus, have shown that the brain activity of alcoholics and nonalcoholics differs in some characteristic ways. These differences are consistent with an imbalance between excitation and inhibition processes in the brains of alcoholics.
Anatomy of the brain.
(A) Average ERP waveform in response to a target stimulus in a visual oddball task. Recorded at the midline central electrode in a group of alcoholics (red) and a group of control subjects (blue). Note that the P3 component is reduced in alcoholics compared with control subjects. (B) Timeβenergy curve in the delta frequency band during the processing of a target stimulus for control subjects (blue) and alcoholics (red). Note the reduced delta power in alcoholics compared with control subjects. (C) Timeβenergy curve in the theta frequency band during processing of a target stimulus for control subject (blue) and alcoholics (red). Note the reduced theta power in alcoholics compared with control subjects.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| abstinence | phenotype |
| acetylcholine | drug |
| Aggressive local | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol abuse | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| alcoholism | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| alpha band | phenotype |
| alpha oscillations | phenotype |
| Alzheimer's disease | phenotype |
| Alzheimerβs disease | phenotype |
| amygdala | anatomy |
| Anterior cingulate area local | anatomy |
| Anterior frontal local | anatomy |
| anxiety | phenotype |
| attention allocation | phenotype |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | phenotype |
| attention tasks local | phenotype |
| back region local | anatomy |
| behavioral traits | phenotype |
| benzodiazepines | drug |
| Beta 1 power local | phenotype |
| Beta 2 power local | phenotype |
| Beta 3 power local | phenotype |
| beta activity | phenotype |
| Beta frequency band local | phenotype |
| beta frequency of the EEG local | phenotype |
| beta rhythm | phenotype |
| brain | anatomy |
| central nervous system | anatomy |
| central region | anatomy |
| CNS disinhibition | phenotype |
| CNS hyperexcitability | phenotype |
| CNS inhibition local | phenotype |
| cognitive closure local | phenotype |
| Cognitive Closure local | phenotype |
| Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) | cohort |
| COMT | gene |
| control subjects | cohort |
| cortex | anatomy |
| craving | phenotype |
| Decreased active frontal theta local | phenotype |
| Decreased active theta local | phenotype |
| deficient evoked delta oscillations local | phenotype |
| deficient evoked gamma oscillations local | phenotype |
| deficient evoked theta oscillations local | phenotype |
| delta band | phenotype |
| delta oscillations | phenotype |
| delta power | phenotype |
| Differential inhibition local | phenotype |
| Disinhibited local | phenotype |
| dopamine | drug |
| drinking variables local | phenotype |
| EEG | phenotype |
| EEG beta frequency local | phenotype |
| Electrophysiological imbalances in excitationβinhibition local | phenotype |
| event-related oscillations (EROs) | phenotype |
| Excitatory/inhibitory neuron imbalance local | phenotype |
| Female alcoholic local | phenotype |
| Female alcoholic group local | cohort |
| Female alcoholics | phenotype |
| Female offspring of alcoholics local | cohort |
| frequency | phenotype |
| frontal cortex | anatomy |
| Frontal lobe dysfunction local | phenotype |
| frontal midline | anatomy |
| Frontal theta deficits local | phenotype |
| GABA | phenotype |
| GABAA receptor | drug |
| GABRA2 | gene |
| gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) | drug |
| Gamma frequency band local | phenotype |
| gamma oscillations | phenotype |
| gamma power | phenotype |
| genetic factors | cohort |
| go/no-go task | phenotype |
| healthy controls | cohort |
| Healthy people local | cohort |
| Hearing deficits local | phenotype |
| High risk for alcoholism local | phenotype |
| High-risk offspring of alcoholics local | cohort |
| hippocampus | anatomy |
| impulsivity | phenotype |
| Increased resting beta power local | phenotype |
| Increased resting theta local | phenotype |
| Inefficient processing capacity local | phenotype |
| inhibition | phenotype |
| left frontal region | anatomy |
| limbic system | anatomy |
| Low voltage alpha (LVA) local | variant |
| Male alcoholic local | phenotype |
| Male alcoholic group local | cohort |
| Male alcoholics | phenotype |
| Male offspring of alcoholics local | cohort |
| memory | phenotype |
| mental processing speed local | phenotype |
| motor cortex | anatomy |
| muscarinic cholinergic receptors local | gene |
| neuronal excitability | phenotype |
| nonalcoholic | cohort |
| Nonalcoholics | cohort |
| Nonrelapsers local | cohort |
| Nontarget stimulus local | phenotype |
| norepinephrine | drug |
| Novel stimulus local | phenotype |
| occipital cortex | anatomy |
| odd-ball task local | phenotype |
| offspring of alcoholics | cohort |
| Offspring of alcoholics at risk for alcohol dependence local | cohort |
| ORP | phenotype |
| P3a amplitude | phenotype |
| P3a component local | phenotype |
| P3 amplitude | phenotype |
| P3b amplitude | phenotype |
| P3b component | phenotype |
| P3 component | phenotype |
| P3 components local | phenotype |
| parietal cortex | anatomy |
| People at risk for alcoholism local | cohort |
| phasic theta local | phenotype |
| posterior region | anatomy |
| prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| quantity of drinks in a typical week local | phenotype |
| recency of last drink local | phenotype |
| reduced auditory P3 amplitude local | phenotype |
| Reduced frontal theta power local | phenotype |
| reduced target-nontarget differentiation local | phenotype |
| reduced visual P3 amplitude local | phenotype |
| relapse | phenotype |
| Relapsing alcoholics | phenotype |
| relaxation | phenotype |
| sex | phenotype |
| sons of alcoholic fathers | phenotype |
| spinal cord | anatomy |
| superior frontal cortex | anatomy |
| Sustained attention impairment local | phenotype |
| target stimulus | phenotype |
| temporal lobe | anatomy |
| thalamus | anatomy |
| theta activity | phenotype |
| theta oscillations | phenotype |
| tonic theta local | phenotype |
| Tonic theta power local | phenotype |
| total power | phenotype |
| Undercontrolled local | phenotype |
| working memory | phenotype |
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