Variants near CHRNB3-CHRNA6 are associated with DSM-5 cocaine use disorder: evidence for pleiotropy.
- Authors
- Sadler, Brooke; Haller, Gabe; Agrawal, Arpana; Culverhouse, Rob; Bucholz, Kathleen; Brooks, Andy; Tischfield, Jay; Johnson, Eric O; Edenberg, Howard; Schuckit, Marc; Saccone, Nancy; Bierut, Laura; Goate, Alison
- Year
- 2014
- Journal
- Scientific reports
- PMID
- 24675634
- DOI
- 10.1038/srep04497
- PMCID
- PMC4894386
In the U.S.A., cocaine is the second most abused illicit drug. Variants within the CHRNB3-A6 gene cluster have been associated with cigarette consumption in several GWAS. These receptors represent intriguing candidates for the study of cocaine dependence because nicotinic receptors are thought to be involved in generalized addiction pathways. Using genotypic data from a GWAS of the Study of Addiction: Genetics and Environment (SAGE) dataset, we tested for association of CHRNB3-A6 SNPs with DSM-5 cocaine use disorder. Multiple SNPs in the region were significantly associated with increased risk of cocaine use disorder. Inclusion of the most significant SNP as a covariate in a linear regression model provided evidence for an additional independent signal within this locus for cocaine use disorder. These results suggest that the CHRNB3-A6 locus contains multiple variants affecting risk for vulnerability to cocaine and nicotine dependence as well as bipolar disorder, suggesting that they have pleiotropic effects.
LD plot of the region.Values and gray-scale represent r-squared. Importantly, rs9298626, the top SNP associated with DSM-5 cocaine use disorder and the shared SNP that becomes significant when putting this SNP into the respective model as a covariate (rs892413) are circled in blue, and SNPs representing the previously discovered association with nicotine dependence (rs1451240, rs6474413, and rs4952) are circled in red.
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