Neurogenetic and multi-omic sources of overlap among sensation seeking, alcohol consumption, and alcohol use disorder.
- Authors
- Miller, Alex P; Gizer, Ian R
- Year
- 2024
- Journal
- Addiction biology
- PMID
- 38380706
- DOI
- 10.1111/adb.13365
- PMCID
- PMC10882188
Sensation seeking is bidirectionally associated with levels of alcohol consumption in both adult and adolescent samples, and shared neurobiological and genetic influences may in part explain these associations. Links between sensation seeking and alcohol use disorder (AUD) may primarily manifest via increased alcohol consumption rather than through direct effects on increasing problems and consequences. Here the overlap among sensation seeking, alcohol consumption, and AUD was examined using multivariate modelling approaches for genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics in conjunction with neurobiologically informed analyses at multiple levels of investigation. Meta-analytic and genomic structural equation modelling (GenomicSEM) approaches were used to conduct GWAS of sensation seeking, alcohol consumption, and AUD. Resulting summary statistics were used in downstream analyses to examine shared brain tissue enrichment of heritability and genome-wide evidence of overlap (e.g., stratified GenomicSEM, RRHO, genetic correlations with neuroimaging phenotypes), and to identify genomic regions likely contributing to observed genetic overlap across traits (e.g., H-MAGMA and LAVA). Across approaches, results supported shared neurogenetic architecture between sensation seeking and alcohol consumption characterised by overlapping enrichment of genes expressed in midbrain and striatal tissues and variants associated with increased cortical surface area. Alcohol consumption and AUD evidenced overlap in relation to variants associated with decreased frontocortical thickness. Finally, genetic mediation models provided evidence of alcohol consumption mediating associations between sensation seeking and AUD. This study extends previous research by examining critical sources of neurogenetic and multi-omic overlap among sensation seeking, alcohol consumption, and AUD which may underlie observed phenotypic associations.
Examinations of shared and unique genetic architecture among sensation seeking, alcohol consumption, and AUD. (A) Path diagram of three‐factor model for sensation seeking, alcohol consumption, and AUD estimated in GenomicSEM. Presented parameters are standardised and SEs are shown in paratheses. Variances and covariances are shown as dashed lines, and factor loadings are shown as solid lines. See Table S4 for model fit indices. AV = adventurousness; RT = risk taking; SS = UPPS‐P sensation seeking; DPW = GSCAN drinks per week; GPD = UKB + AlcGen + CHARGE Plus grams of alcohol per day; AUDIT‐C = UKB + MVP AUDIT consumption score. (B) Path diagram of mediated path model between sensation seeking and AUD via alcohol consumption. Presented parameters are standardised and SEs are shown in paratheses. Grey coefficients are non‐significant (P = 0.324). Variances are shown as dashed lines, and regression paths are shown as solid lines. (C) Rank–rank hypergeometric tests of overlap (RRHO) between traits. Upper triangle: dlPFC neuronal (CN) H‐MAGMA‐based index of genetic overlap. Lower triangle: midbrain dopaminergic neuronal (DA) H‐MAGMA‐based index of genetic overlap. RRHO −log10 P‐values adjusted by the Benjamini and Yekutieli procedure (BY FDR). (D) Cortical patterning of unique genetic correlations between alcohol consumption and sensation seeking among regional cortical surface area neuroimaging phenotypes (top) and between alcohol consumption and AUD among regional cortical thickness neuroimaging phenotypes (bottom). Genetic correlation values are based on constrained models.
Multivariate genome‐wide association analysis of (A) sensation seeking, (B) alcohol consumption, and (C) AUD. Manhattan plot of –log10 (two‐sided) P‐value for GenomicSEM and METAL GWAS associations (main) and Q–Q plot of expected versus observed –log10 P‐values (upper right corners). Solid red line of Manhattan plots denotes genome‐wide significant (GWS) threshold (P < 5 × 10−8), and dashed grey line denotes P < 1 × 10−5. Mapped genes for top 10 associations are labelled. Green diamonds represent lead SNPs from independent GWS genomic loci. Orange diamonds (for sensation seeking; A) represent lead SNPs from novel GWS genomic loci green not previously reported in GWAS catalogue, Karlsson Linnér et al., 2021, or Sanchez‐Roige et al., 2023.
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| Binge drinking trajectories across adolescence and early adulthood: Associations with genetic influences for dual-systems impulsive personality traits, alcohol consumption, and alcohol use disorder. | Miller AP et al. | — | 2025 | → |
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| Multi-Locus Pro-Dopaminergic Restoration of Reward Brain Circuitry in Reward Deficiency Rescinds Mono-Pharmaceutical Targeting. | Blum K et al. | — | 2025 | → |
| Binge drinking trajectories across adolescence and early adulthood: Associations with genetic influences for dual-systems impulsive personality traits, alcohol consumption, and alcohol use disorder | Miller AP et al. | — | 2024 | — |
| Dual-systems models of the genetic architecture of impulsive personality traits: neurogenetic evidence of distinct but related factors. | Miller AP et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Neuroanatomical Variability and Substance Use Initiation in Late Childhood and Early Adolescence. | Miller AP et al. | — | 2024 | → |
| Neurogenetic and multi-omic sources of overlap among sensation seeking, alcohol consumption, and alcohol use disorder. | Miller AP et al. | — | 2024 | → |