Cross-sectional and prospective associations of drinking characteristics with scores from the Self-Report of the Effects of Alcohol questionnaire and findings from alcohol challenges.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Schuckit, Marc A; Smith, Tom L; Clarke, Dennis F
- Year
- 2021
- Journal
- Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
- PMID
- 34523737
- DOI
- 10.1111/acer.14710
- PMCID
- PMC8642305
BACKGROUND: Data from 2ย generations of participants in the San Diego Prospective Study (SDPS) were used to compare cross-sectional and prospective relationships of 5ย measures of the low level of response (low LR) to alcohol to 2ย key alcohol-related outcomes. METHODS: The analyses used data from 373 SDPS male probands and 158ย male and female offspring of these individuals to evaluate relationships of 5 LR measures to the prior 5-year maximum drinks per occasion and the number of 11 DSM-IV alcohol use disorder (AUD) criteria experienced. Probands' LR measures included responses to alcohol challenges administered 15ย years previously, and ratings for both generations included measures of the number of standard drinks during four periods: the first five times of drinking (SRE-5), the prior three drinking months (SRE-3), the period of heaviest drinking (SRE-H), and a total average across all time frames (SRE-T). Analyses included zero-order correlations, correlations using covariates, and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. RESULTS: All 5 LR measures were correlated with aspects of maximum drinks and the number of AUD criteria, but the most robust results were seen for SRE-3 and maximum drinks. Correlations were less consistent for SRE-5, a measure more closely related to outcomes in the offspring. Hierarchical regression analyses supported most of these conclusions and showed that alcohol challenge-based LRs added significant information regarding maximum drinks even when evaluated with SRE values. The close correlation between SRE-H and SRE-T argues against the need for studies to include both measures. The patterns of results were similar irrespective of whether covariates were included. CONCLUSIONS: There were significant correlations of maximum drinks and the number of AUD criteria with findings from prior alcohol challenges and all SRE scores. Challenges and SRE reports are related but not identical LR measures. All SRE scores, including SRE-5, offered useful information regarding subsequent drinking behavior.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| 158 offspring local | cohort |
| 20-year-old drinkers local | cohort |
| acetaldehyde | drug |
| ADH1B | gene |
| African individuals | cohort |
| age | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol challenge | drug |
| Alcohol challenge (LR measure) local | phenotype |
| Alcohol challenge LR scores local | phenotype |
| alcohol challenge LR values | phenotype |
| alcohol challenges local | phenotype |
| Alcohol challengeโstandardized LR local | phenotype |
| alcohol criteria local | phenotype |
| alcohol criteria endorsed local | phenotype |
| alcohol metabolism | phenotype |
| Alcohol Problems | phenotype |
| alcohol-related outcomes | phenotype |
| alcohol-related problems | phenotype |
| alcohol sensitivity | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use Disorder | phenotype |
| alcohol use disorders | phenotype |
| ALDH2 | gene |
| Asian | cohort |
| AUD | phenotype |
| AUD criteria endorsed local | phenotype |
| AUD items endorsed local | phenotype |
| AUD problems local | phenotype |
| Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children | cohort |
| BAC | phenotype |
| binge drinking | phenotype |
| bipolar disorder | phenotype |
| Blood cortisol levels local | phenotype |
| cannabis use | phenotype |
| Collaborative Studies on the Genetics of Alcoholism | cohort |
| Composite SRE-T local | phenotype |
| Cross-sectional analysis local | cohort |
| Drinking Frequencies local | phenotype |
| drinking maximum drinks local | phenotype |
| Drinking quantities local | phenotype |
| Drinking Quantities local | phenotype |
| Drinks needed for effects local | phenotype |
| DSM-IV alcohol use disorder | phenotype |
| early drinking periods local | phenotype |
| education | phenotype |
| Electrophysiological response local | phenotype |
| ethanol consumption | phenotype |
| European ancestry | cohort |
| Family historyโnegative lower risk controls local | cohort |
| family history of alcoholism | phenotype |
| Family historyโpositive individuals local | cohort |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| higher brain sensitivity to depressant drugs local | phenotype |
| High Stimulation local | phenotype |
| Hormone response local | phenotype |
| Impulsiveness Subscale of the Karolinska Scales of Personality local | phenotype |
| impulsivity | phenotype |
| Intersession tolerance local | phenotype |
| intoxication | phenotype |
| Jewish individuals local | cohort |
| Key alcohol outcomes local | phenotype |
| Level of Response to alcohol (LR) local | phenotype |
| lower LR value local | phenotype |
| lower SRE scores local | phenotype |
| low level of response | phenotype |
| low LR | phenotype |
| LR | phenotype |
| LR measure local | phenotype |
| LR measures local | phenotype |
| Male probands (UCSD 1978 cohort) local | cohort |
| Marital history local | phenotype |
| marital status | phenotype |
| maximum drinks | phenotype |
| maximum drinks per occasion local | phenotype |
| Maximum drinks per occasion local | phenotype |
| medical consequences of heavier drinking local | phenotype |
| men | cohort |
| novelty seeking | phenotype |
| number of alcohol problems | phenotype |
| number of AUD problems local | phenotype |
| offspring | cohort |
| older adults | cohort |
| other psychiatric disorders | phenotype |
| Past 5-year maximum drinks local | phenotype |
| placebo beverage | drug |
| positive alcohol expectancies | phenotype |
| Presence of children local | phenotype |
| Proband evaluation local | cohort |
| probands | cohort |
| Prospective analysis local | cohort |
| psychological problems | phenotype |
| race/ethnicity | phenotype |
| Ray & Hutchinson 2009 study local | cohort |
| Repeated drinking local | phenotype |
| Repetitive heavier drinking local | phenotype |
| San Diego Prospective Study | cohort |
| schizophrenia | phenotype |
| Schuckit and Smith 2017 prospective study local | cohort |
| SDPS families local | cohort |
| SDPS male probands local | cohort |
| SDPS probands | cohort |
| Self-Report of the Effects of Alcohol questionnaire local | phenotype |
| sex | phenotype |
| Skin flushing local | phenotype |
| slower alcohol metabolism local | phenotype |
| spouses | cohort |
| SRE | phenotype |
| SRE-3 local | phenotype |
| SRE-H local | phenotype |
| SRE measures local | phenotype |
| SRE retrospective questionnaire local | phenotype |
| SRE scores | phenotype |
| SRE total score local | phenotype |
| Standing steadiness local | phenotype |
| Subjective feelings local | phenotype |
| substance use | phenotype |
| Time 1 SRE local | phenotype |
| Time 1 SRE scores local | phenotype |
| tobacco use | phenotype |
| women | cohort |
| Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale local | phenotype |
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| AUD Risk, Diagnoses, and Course in a Prospective Study Across Two Generations: Implications for Prevention. | 2022 | 35036241 |
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