Accumbens functional connectivity during reward mediates sensation-seeking and alcohol use in high-risk youth.
- Authors
- Weiland, Barbara J; Welsh, Robert C; Yau, Wai-Ying Wendy; Zucker, Robert A; Zubieta, Jon-Kar; Heitzeg, Mary M
- Year
- 2013
- Journal
- Drug and alcohol dependence
- PMID
- 22958950
- DOI
- 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.08.019
- PMCID
- PMC3546225
BACKGROUND: Differences in fronto-striatal connectivity in problem substance users have suggested reduced influence of cognitive regions on reward-salience regions. Youth with a family history of alcoholism (FH+) have disrupted ventral striatal processing compared with controls with no familial risk (FH-). As sensation-seeking represents an additional vulnerability factor, we hypothesized that functional connectivity during reward anticipation would differ by family history, and would mediate the relationship between sensation-seeking and drinking in high-risk subjects. METHODS: Seventy 18-22 year olds (49 FH+/21 FH-) performed a monetary incentive delay task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Group connectivity differences for incentive (reward/loss) vs. neutral conditions were evaluated with psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis, seeded in nucleus accumbens (NAcc). Indirect effects of sensation-seeking on drinking volume through accumbens connectivity were tested. RESULTS: NAcc connectivity with paracentral lobule/precuneus and sensorimotor areas was decreased for FH- vs. increased for FH+ during incentive anticipation. In FH+, task-related functional coupling between left NAcc and supplementary sensorimotor area (SSMA) and right precuneus correlated positively with sensation-seeking and drinking volume and mediated their relationship. In FH-, left NAcc-SSMA connectivity correlated negatively with sensation-seeking but was not related to drinking. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest preexisting differences in accumbens reward-related functional connectivity in high-risk subjects. NAcc coupling with SSMA, involved in attention and motor networks, and precuneus, a default mode structure, appear to mediate sensation-seeking's effect on drinking in those most at-risk. Differences in accumbens connectivity with attention/motor/default networks, rather than control systems, may influence the reward system's role in vulnerability for substance abuse.
A) Schematic illustration of the monetary incentive delay task performed by subjects in the fMRI scanner. B) Location of 5-mm diameter spherical nucleus accumbens mask at the ventromesial intersection of caudate and putamen (y=13 MNI). C) Activation in bilateral nucleus accumbens during reward and loss anticipation by family history groups. Error bars: Β± 1 Standard Error.
Regions with negative functional connectivity with NAcc during incentive including areas. FHβ controls have reduced task connectivity in regions which map onto default mode network resting state regions representing areas significantly decoupled during incentive processing. A) Functional connectivity for FHβ controls with left NAcc; B) functional connectivity for FHβ controls with right NAcc; C) Functional connectivity for FH+ with left NAcc; D) functional connectivity for FH+ with right NAcc. Data are displayed on the lateral and medial surfaces of the left hemisphere (Left), the dorsal surface (Center), and the lateral and medial surfaces of the right hemisphere (Right) for each NAcc. Connectivity maps are displayed at cluster-level p<0.05 corrected with the exception of D) which is displayed at cluster-level p<0.08 due to lack of significant clusters at the more stringent threshold.
Extracted task-related functional connectivity change with NAcc during Incentive>Neutral anticipatory processing by family history group. L, left; R, right; NAcc, nucleus accumbens; SSMA, supplementary sensoriomotor area; PoG, postcentral gyrus; SMA, supplementary motor area; OCC, occipital.
A) Statistical parametric maps identifying large cluster designated supplementary sensorimotor area (SSMA). B) Correlations between left NAccβSSMA incentive connectivity change and sensation-seeking by family history group. C) Correlations between left NAccβSSMA incentive connectivity change and transformed drinking volume for the past six months by family history group.
| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| Acute medical illness local | phenotype |
| addiction | phenotype |
| Addictive substance use local | phenotype |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcoholism | phenotype |
| alcoholism risk | phenotype |
| Alcohol Use | phenotype |
| amount | phenotype |
| amygdala | anatomy |
| anterior cingulate cortex | anatomy |
| anticipation of incentive stimuli local | phenotype |
| Anticipatory striatal activation local | anatomy |
| anxiety | phenotype |
| attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | phenotype |
| attention network | anatomy |
| auditory/phonology network local | anatomy |
| axis I disorder | phenotype |
| basal ganglia | anatomy |
| caudate nucleus | anatomy |
| Centrally active medications local | drug |
| cerebellum | anatomy |
| cerebral hemispheres | anatomy |
| Chronic health conditions | phenotype |
| chronic heroin users local | cohort |
| Cognitive control regions local | anatomy |
| conduct disorder | phenotype |
| connectivity change local | phenotype |
| control group | cohort |
| Control network local | anatomy |
| control subjects | cohort |
| cortex | anatomy |
| craving | phenotype |
| DD | phenotype |
| decision-making deficits | phenotype |
| default mode network | anatomy |
| depression | phenotype |
| DMN | anatomy |
| drinking | phenotype |
| drinking volume local | phenotype |
| Drinking volume local | phenotype |
| drug dependence | phenotype |
| DV | phenotype |
| early substance use | phenotype |
| externalizing disorders | phenotype |
| Familial liability local | phenotype |
| familial risk | cohort |
| familial risk for substance abuse local | phenotype |
| family history negative | phenotype |
| family history of alcoholism | phenotype |
| family history positive | phenotype |
| fetal alcohol syndrome | phenotype |
| FH | cohort |
| FH+ | drug |
| FHβ local | cohort |
| FH+ families local | cohort |
| FHβ families local | cohort |
| FH group local | cohort |
| FHN | cohort |
| FH+ subjects | cohort |
| FH- subjects local | cohort |
| FHβ subjects local | cohort |
| First 70 neuroimaging participants local | cohort |
| Food sensitivity local | phenotype |
| functional connectivity | phenotype |
| group | cohort |
| healthy controls | cohort |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| heroin users | phenotype |
| High-risk population local | cohort |
| high-risk subjects | cohort |
| High risk taking local | phenotype |
| hippocampus | anatomy |
| hostility | phenotype |
| Impulsive decision making | phenotype |
| incentive anticipation local | phenotype |
| incentive connectivity change local | phenotype |
| inferior parietal lobe | anatomy |
| inhibitory control deficits local | phenotype |
| insula | anatomy |
| lateral temporal lobe local | anatomy |
| left NAcc-right precuneus connectivity local | anatomy |
| Left NAcc-right precuneus connectivity local | phenotype |
| left NAcc-SSMA local | anatomy |
| Left NAcc-SSMA incentive connectivity local | phenotype |
| limbic regions | anatomy |
| loss | phenotype |
| loss anticipation | phenotype |
| low familial risk for substance abuse local | phenotype |
| medial orbitofrontal cortex | anatomy |
| medial prefrontal cortex | anatomy |
| medial SSMA local | anatomy |
| Michigan Longitudinal Study | cohort |
| midbrain | anatomy |
| Midline areas local | anatomy |
| midline regions | anatomy |
| MLS | cohort |
| motor network local | anatomy |
| Motor network local | anatomy |
| NAcc | anatomy |
| NAcc-SSMA connectivity local | anatomy |
| Neurological illness local | phenotype |
| neutral | phenotype |
| neutral condition | phenotype |
| Nonalcoholic families local | phenotype |
| novelty seeking | phenotype |
| nucleus accumbens | anatomy |
| obesity | phenotype |
| occipital cortex | anatomy |
| occipital regions local | anatomy |
| Occipital regions local | anatomy |
| orbitofrontal cortex | anatomy |
| other ROIs local | anatomy |
| overeating | phenotype |
| paracentral local | anatomy |
| paracentral lobule | anatomy |
| parental alcoholism | phenotype |
| parietal cortex | anatomy |
| participants | cohort |
| polysubstance abuse | phenotype |
| positive affect | phenotype |
| postcentral gyrus | anatomy |
| precentral gyrus | anatomy |
| precuneus | anatomy |
| premotor cortex | anatomy |
| problem substance users local | cohort |
| psychosis | phenotype |
| putamen | anatomy |
| reaction time | phenotype |
| regulation deficits local | phenotype |
| reward | phenotype |
| reward anticipation | phenotype |
| Rewardβrelated circuitry local | anatomy |
| Reward-related functional connectivity with the NAcc local | anatomy |
| reward system | anatomy |
| Reward task performance local | phenotype |
| right lingual gyrus | anatomy |
| right NAcc-SSMA local | anatomy |
| right NAcc-SSMA connectivity local | phenotype |
| Risk-related behaviors local | phenotype |
| saliency responses local | phenotype |
| schizophrenia | phenotype |
| sedatives | drug |
| self-referential network local | anatomy |
| Sensationβseeking local | phenotype |
| sensation-seeking personality local | phenotype |
| sensation-seeking score local | phenotype |
| sensorimotor cortex | anatomy |
| striatum | anatomy |
| substance abuse | phenotype |
| substance-dependent subjects local | cohort |
| substance use | phenotype |
| substantia nigra | anatomy |
| success rate | phenotype |
| superior temporal local | anatomy |
| supplemental motor area local | anatomy |
| supplementary sensorimotor area local | anatomy |
| Supplementary sensorimotor area local | anatomy |
| Target duration local | phenotype |
| task difficulty | phenotype |
| temporal lobe | anatomy |
| valence | phenotype |
| ventral/rostral anterior cingulate local | anatomy |
| ventral striatum | anatomy |
| ventral tegmental area | anatomy |
| visual network | anatomy |
| young adults | cohort |
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