Genome-wide association study identifies genes that may contribute to risk for developing heroin addiction.
- Authors
- Nielsen, David A; Ji, Fei; Yuferov, Vadim; Ho, Ann; He, Chunsheng; Ott, Jurg; Kreek, Mary Jeanne
- Year
- 2010
- Journal
- Psychiatric genetics
- PMID
- 20520587
- DOI
- 10.1097/YPG.0b013e32833a2106
- PMCID
- PMC3832188
OBJECTIVES: We have used genome-wide association studies to identify variants that are associated with vulnerability to develop heroin addiction. METHODS: DNA from 325 methadone stabilized, former severe heroin addicts and 250 control individuals were pooled by ethnicity (Caucasian and African-American) and analyzed using the Affymetrix GeneChip Mapping 100 K Set. Genome-wide association tests were conducted. RESULTS: The strongest association with vulnerability to develop heroin addiction, with experiment-wise significance (P=0.035), was found in Caucasians with the variant rs10494334, a variant in an unannotated region of the genome (1q23.3). In African Americans, the variant most significantly associated with the heroin addiction vulnerability was rs950302, found in the cytosolic dual specificity phosphatase 27 gene DUSP27 (point-wise P=0.0079). Furthermore, analysis of the top 500 variants with the most significant associations (point-wise P< or =0.0036) in Caucasians showed that three of these variants are clustered in the regulating synaptic membrane exocytosis protein 2 gene RIMS2. Of the top 500 variants in African-Americans (point-wise P< or =0.0238), three variants are in the cardiomyopathy associated 3 gene CMYA3. CONCLUSION: This study identifies new genes and variants that may increase an individual's vulnerability to develop heroin addiction.
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| Name | Type |
|---|---|
| A allele | cohort |
| addiction | phenotype |
| Affymetrix 50K Hind 240 array local | drug |
| Affymetrix 50K Xba 240 array local | drug |
| Affymetrix GeneChip Scanner 3000 local | drug |
| African American | cohort |
| African American group local | cohort |
| alcohol | phenotype |
| alcohol dependence | phenotype |
| autism | phenotype |
| autosomal variants local | variant |
| B probe local | drug |
| candidate genes | cohort |
| cannabis use | phenotype |
| cardiomyopathy | phenotype |
| cases | cohort |
| Caucasian | cohort |
| Caucasian (CEPH) population local | cohort |
| Caucasian cohort | cohort |
| Caucasian controls local | cohort |
| Caucasian former heroin addicts local | cohort |
| Caucasian group local | cohort |
| Caucasians | cohort |
| Chromosome 14q region local | variant |
| CMYA3 local | gene |
| controls | cohort |
| control subjects | cohort |
| CYMA3 local | gene |
| D17S785 local | variant |
| D4S1644 local | variant |
| D4S2394 local | variant |
| DNA microarrays | drug |
| DNA pools local | cohort |
| drug abuse vulnerability local | phenotype |
| DUSP27 local | gene |
| Eight variants (Gelernter) local | variant |
| European population | cohort |
| former severe heroin addicts local | cohort |
| Gelernter group local | cohort |
| Gelernter study local | cohort |
| GeneChip Mapping 100K Set local | drug |
| GeneChip Operating System (GCOS) local | drug |
| genetic factors | cohort |
| glutamate | drug |
| GRIN2A | gene |
| GRM8 | gene |
| GRM8 intron 2 variant local | variant |
| GTYPE genotype Analysis Software local | drug |
| heavy drinking | phenotype |
| heroin addiction vulnerability local | phenotype |
| Hispanic | phenotype |
| holoprosencephaly local | phenotype |
| Kcna1 | gene |
| Lachman Hispanic cohort local | cohort |
| marijuana | phenotype |
| Marijuana addiction local | phenotype |
| Methadone | drug |
| methamphetamine dependence | phenotype |
| NCAM1 | gene |
| NCAM1 upstream variant local | variant |
| NetAffx Analysis Center local | drug |
| neural tube defects | phenotype |
| New York City cohort local | cohort |
| non-specific substance abuse local | phenotype |
| nucleus accumbens core | anatomy |
| OLIGO2 local | gene |
| opiates | drug |
| opioid dependence | phenotype |
| OPRM1 | cohort |
| our study | cohort |
| Pde4b | gene |
| PDE4B variant local | variant |
| Pierre Robin sequence local | phenotype |
| PLA2G4F local | gene |
| preaxial polydactyly local | phenotype |
| Psychedelic addiction local | phenotype |
| Psychedelics local | drug |
| RIM2Ξ± local | drug |
| RIM2Ξ² local | drug |
| RIM2Ξ³ local | drug |
| RIMS2 local | gene |
| RIMS2 variant local | variant |
| rs1034576 local | variant |
| rs10492065 local | variant |
| rs10494334 local | variant |
| rs10506645 local | variant |
| rs10518620 local | variant |
| rs2180 local | variant |
| rs2280248 local | variant |
| rs2323218 local | variant |
| rs3749004 local | variant |
| rs3825786 local | variant |
| rs4766311 local | variant |
| rs6467108 local | variant |
| rs6517137 local | variant |
| rs9271 local | variant |
| rs950302 local | variant |
| schizophrenia | phenotype |
| Sedative addiction local | phenotype |
| sedatives | drug |
| severe heroin addicts local | cohort |
| Severe heroin addicts local | cohort |
| Shh | gene |
| SHH upstream variant 1Mb local | variant |
| SHH upstream variant 470kb local | variant |
| single nucleotide polymorphism | variant |
| Sox9 | gene |
| SOX9 upstream variant 1.44Mb local | variant |
| stimulant dependence | phenotype |
| stimulants | drug |
| study cohort | cohort |
| T local | gene |
| TBXT local | gene |
| TIVS7-2 local | variant |
| TPH1 | gene |
| TPH2 | gene |
| Tsuang Chinese families local | cohort |
| Tsuang study local | cohort |
| unspecified gene local | gene |
| unspecified variant local | variant |
| variant | cohort |
| variant annotations local | drug |
| variants with no annotation local | variant |
| ventral tegmental area | anatomy |
| X chromosomal variants local | variant |
| Y chromosomal variants local | variant |
| Yoruba | cohort |
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