Multiple distinct risk loci for nicotine dependence identified by dense coverage of the complete family of nicotinic receptor subunit (CHRN) genes.
paper
Cited
Public
- Authors
- Saccone, Nancy L; Saccone, Scott F; Hinrichs, Anthony L; Stitzel, Jerry A; Duan, Weimin; Pergadia, Michele L; Agrawal, Arpana; Breslau, Naomi; Grucza, Richard A; Hatsukami, Dorothy; Johnson, Eric O; Madden, Pamela A F; Swan, Gary E; Wang, Jen C; Goate, Alison M; Rice, John P; Bierut, Laura J
- Year
- 2009
- Journal
- American journal of medical genetics. Part B, Neuropsychiatric genetics : the official publication of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics
- PMID
- 19259974
- DOI
- 10.1002/ajmg.b.30828
- PMCID
- PMC2693307
Tobacco smoking continues to be a leading cause of preventable death. Recent research has underscored the important role of specific cholinergic nicotinic receptor subunit (CHRN) genes in risk for nicotine dependence and smoking. To detect and characterize the influence of genetic variation on vulnerability to nicotine dependence, we analyzed 226 SNPs covering the complete family of 16 CHRN genes, which encode the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits, in a sample of 1,050 nicotine-dependent cases and 879 non-dependent controls of European descent. This expanded SNP coverage has extended and refined the findings of our previous large-scale genome-wide association and candidate gene study. After correcting for the multiple tests across this gene family, we found significant association for two distinct loci in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 gene cluster, one locus in the CHRNB3-CHRNA6 gene cluster, and a fourth, novel locus in the CHRND-CHRNG gene cluster. The two distinct loci in CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 are represented by the non-synonymous SNP rs16969968 in CHRNA5 and by rs578776 in CHRNA3, respectively, and joint analyses show that the associations at these two SNPs are statistically independent. Nominally significant single-SNP association was detected in CHRNA4 and CHRNB1. In summary, this is the most comprehensive study of the CHRN genes for involvement with nicotine dependence to date. Our analysis reveals significant evidence for at least four distinct loci in the nicotinic receptor subunit genes that each influence the transition from smoking to nicotine dependence and may inform the development of improved smoking cessation treatments and prevention initiatives.
No figures extracted from this document.
No entities extracted from this document yet.
No uploaded files.
Not in any collection.
In this knowledge base
External
| Title | Authors | Journal | Year | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multi-trait and multi-ancestry genetic analysis of comorbid lung diseases and traits improves genetic discovery and polygenic risk prediction. | He Y et al. | β | 2026 | β |
| Association between smoking and alcohol drinking and benign adrenal tumors: a Mendelian randomization study. | Peng K et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Multi-trait and multi-ancestry genetic analysis of comorbid lung diseases and traits improves genetic discovery and polygenic risk prediction | He Y et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Opioid trail: Tracking contributions to opioid use disorder from host genetics to the gut microbiome. | Duffy EP et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Schwann Cells Do Not Promote Myogenic Differentiation in the EPI Loop Model. | Xu Z et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| Voluntary nicotine consumption and reward in a subset of diversity outbred founder strains. | Rahman Y et al. | β | 2024 | β |
| DNA methylation status of SHATI/NAT8L promoter in the blood of cigarette smokers. | Izuo N et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Hierarchical association of COPD to principal genetic components of biological systems. | Carlin DE et al. | β | 2023 | β |
| Association of Polymorphism <i>CHRNA5</i> and <i>CHRNA3</i> Gene in People Addicted to Nicotine. | Chmielowiec K et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Comparative Assessment of Outcomes in Drug Treatment for Smoking Cessation and Role of Genetic Polymorphisms of Human Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits. | Muderrisoglu A et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| <i>CHRNA5</i> rs16969968 and <i>CHRNA3</i> rs578776 polymorphisms are associated with multiple nicotine dependence phenotypes in Bangladeshi smokers. | Chaity NI et al. | β | 2022 | β |
| Cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 3 subunit polymorphisms and smoking in male Chinese patients with schizophrenia. | Shi J et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Clarifying the Genetic Influences on Nicotine Dependence and Quantity of Use in Cigarette Smokers. | Verhulst B et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease: How Far Are We from Personalized CVD Risk Prediction and Management? | Vrablik M et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Genome-Wide Association Study of Peripheral Artery Disease. | van Zuydam NR et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Linking the CHRNA5 SNP to drug abuse liability: From circuitry to cellular mechanisms. | Brynildsen JK et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Mechanisms of Nicotine Addiction. | Picciotto MR et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Nicotinic acetylcholine gene cluster CHRNA5-A3-B4 variants influence smoking status in a Bangladeshi population. | Chaity NI et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Pharmacogenetics factors influencing smoking cessation success; the importance of nicotine metabolism. | Perez-Paramo YX et al. | β | 2021 | β |
| Neural circuits and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors mediate the cholinergic regulation of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and nicotine dependence. | Xiao C et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: A brief introduction. | Wittenberg RE et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Nicotinic Receptors Underlying Nicotine Dependence: Evidence from Transgenic Mouse Models. | Gipson CD et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Profile of the Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Alpha 7 Subunit Gene Expression is Associated with Response to Varenicline Treatment. | Santos JR et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Variants in the CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 Region of Chromosome 15 Predict Gastrointestinal Adverse Events in the Transdisciplinary Tobacco Use Research Center Smoking Cessation Trial. | Culverhouse RC et al. | β | 2020 | β |
| Neurogenetic determinants and mechanisms of addiction to nicotine and smoked tobacco. | Sharp BM et al. | β | 2019 | β |
| Association and cis-mQTL analysis of variants in CHRNA3-A5, CHRNA7, CHRNB2, and CHRNB4 in relation to nicotine dependence in a Chinese Han population. | Liu Q et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Association of cognitive function and liability to addiction with childhood herpesvirus infections: A prospective cohort study. | Vanyukov MM et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Identification of susceptibility pathways for the role of chromosome 15q25.1 in modifying lung cancer risk. | Ji X et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| Use of polygenic risk scores of nicotine metabolism in predicting smoking behaviors. | Chen LS et al. | β | 2018 | β |
| A Novel Tobacco Use Phenotype Suggests the 15q25 and 19q13 Loci May be Differentially Associated With Cigarettes per Day and Tobacco-Related Problems. | Richmond-Rakerd LS et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Examination of the Involvement of Cholinergic-Associated Genes in Nicotine Behaviors in European and African Americans. | Melroy-Greif WE et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| GW-SEM: A Statistical Package to Conduct Genome-Wide Structural Equation Modeling. | Verhulst B et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Human polymorphisms in nicotinic receptors: a functional analysis in iPS-derived dopaminergic neurons. | Deflorio C et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Miscellanea Dependent generalized functional linear models. | Jadhav S et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| Significant association of the CHRNB3-CHRNA6 gene cluster with nicotine dependence in the Chinese Han population. | Wen L et al. | β | 2017 | β |
| African-specific variability in the acetylcholine muscarinic receptor M4: association with cocaine and heroin addiction. | Levran O et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| An Adolescent Substance Prevention Model Blocks the Effect of CHRNA5 Genotype on Smoking During High School. | Vandenbergh DJ et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Association Between CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 Nicotine Receptor Subunit Gene Variants and Nicotine Dependence in an Isolated Populationof Kashubians in Poland. | Kita-Milczarska K et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Association of the OPRM1 Variant rs1799971 (A118G) with Non-Specific Liability to Substance Dependence in a Collaborative de novo Meta-Analysis of European-Ancestry Cohorts. | Schwantes-An TH et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Associations of rare nicotinic cholinergic receptor gene variants to nicotine and alcohol dependence. | Zuo L et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| CHRNA4 was associated with prepulse inhibition of schizophrenia in Chinese: a pilot study. | Shi J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| CHRNA5/A3/B4 Variant rs3743078 and Nicotine-Related Phenotypes: Indirect Effects Through Nicotine Craving. | Shmulewitz D et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Contribution of Variants in CHRNA5/A3/B4 Gene Cluster on Chromosome 15 to Tobacco Smoking: From Genetic Association to Mechanism. | Wen L et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Converging findings from linkage and association analyses on susceptibility genes for smoking and other addictions. | Yang J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Crucial roles of the CHRNB3-CHRNA6 gene cluster on chromosome 8 in nicotine dependence: update and subjects for future research. | Wen L et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Evidence for Association Between Low Frequency Variants in CHRNA6/CHRNB3 and Antisocial Drug Dependence. | Kamens HM et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Expression profile of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits in the brain of HIV-1 transgenic rats given chronic nicotine treatment. | Cao J et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors: upregulation, age-related effects and associations with drug use. | Melroy-Greif WE et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Replicated Risk Nicotinic Cholinergic Receptor Genes for Nicotine Dependence. | Zuo L et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| SNPs in NRXN1 and CHRNA5 are associated to smoking and regulation of GABAergic and glutamatergic pathways. | PΓ©rez-Rubio G et al. | β | 2016 | β |
| Association between genetic variants on chromosome 15q25 locus and several nicotine dependence traits in Polish population: a case-control study. | Buczkowski K et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Associations between the orexin (hypocretin) receptor 2 gene polymorphism Val308Ile and nicotine dependence in genome-wide and subsequent association studies. | Nishizawa D et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| CHRNA3 rs6495308 genotype as an effect modifier of the association between daily cigarette consumption and hypertension in Chinese male smokers. | Wu XY et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Common single nucleotide variants underlying drug addiction: more than a decade of research. | BΓΌhler KM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Genome-wide meta-analysis reveals common splice site acceptor variant in CHRNA4 associated with nicotine dependence. | Hancock DB et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Mendelian Randomization versus Path Models: Making Causal Inferences in Genetic Epidemiology. | Ziegler A et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Nicotine withdrawal. | McLaughlin I et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Nicotinic receptor contributions to smoking: insights from human studies and animal models. | Brunzell DH et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| Response to Transdermal Selegiline Smoking Cessation Therapy and Markers in the 15q24 Chromosomal Region. | Sarginson JE et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The DYX2 locus and neurochemical signaling genes contribute to speech sound disorder and related neurocognitive domains. | Eicher JD et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The possible role of maternal bonding style and CHRNB2 gene polymorphisms in nicotine dependence and related depressive phenotype. | Csala I et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The Role of Nicotine in Schizophrenia. | Featherstone RE et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| The Ξ²3 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: Modulation of gene expression and nicotine consumption. | Kamens HM et al. | β | 2015 | β |
| ADHD diagnosis may influence the association between polymorphisms in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes and tobacco smoking. | Polina ER et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Differential expression and function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in subdivisions of medial habenula. | Shih PY et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| DNA methylation is globally disrupted and associated with expression changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease small airways. | Vucic EA et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| DRD2/CHRNA5 interaction on prefrontal biology and physiology during working memory. | Di Giorgio A et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Effect of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes (CHRN) on longitudinal cigarettes per day in adolescents and young adults. | Cannon DS et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Identification of CHRNA5 rare variants in African-American heavy smokers. | Doyle GA et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Introduction to deep sequencing and its application to drug addiction research with a focus on rare variants. | Wang S et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in attention circuitry: the role of layer VI neurons of prefrontal cortex. | Proulx E et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Probing the non-canonical interface for agonist interaction with an Ξ±5 containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. | Marotta CB et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Role of a genetic variant on the 15q25.1 lung cancer susceptibility locus in smoking-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | Ji X et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Scientific overview: 2013 BBC plenary symposium on tobacco addiction. | De Biasi M et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Significant associations of CHRNA2 and CHRNA6 with nicotine dependence in European American and African American populations. | Wang S et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| The interactive effect of neighborhood peer cigarette use and 5HTTLPR genotype on individual cigarette use. | Daw J et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Transcription factor 4 (TCF4) and schizophrenia: integrating the animal and the human perspective. | Quednow BB et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Variants in two adjacent genes, EGLN2 and CYP2A6, influence smoking behavior related to disease risk via different mechanisms. | Bloom AJ et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| Variation in the Ξ± 5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit gene predicts cigarette smoking intensity as a function of nicotine content. | Macqueen DA et al. | β | 2014 | β |
| A complex interplay between personality domains, marital status and a variant in CHRNA5 on the risks of cocaine, nicotine dependences and cocaine-induced paranoia. | Zayats T et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Association between a 15q25 gene variant, nicotine-related habits, lung cancer and COPD among 56,307 individuals from the HUNT study in Norway. | Gabrielsen ME et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| BDNF Val(66)Met genotype is associated with drug-seeking phenotypes in heroin-dependent individuals: a pilot study. | Greenwald MK et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Cis-regulatory variants affect CHRNA5 mRNA expression in populations of African and European ancestry. | Wang JC et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Distinct loci in the CHRNA5/CHRNA3/CHRNB4 gene cluster are associated with onset of regular smoking. | Stephens SH et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Effects of tetrahydropalmatine on post-traumatic stress disorder-induced changes in rat brain gene expression. | Ceremuga TE et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Functional characterization of SNPs in CHRNA3/B4 intergenic region associated with drug behaviors. | Flora AV et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Genetic instrumental variable studies of effects of prenatal risk factors. | Wehby GL et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Genetic matters: thirty years of progress using mouse models in nicotinic research. | Marks MJ | β | 2013 | β |
| Interpreting joint SNP analysis results: when are two distinct signals really two distinct signals? | Schwantes-An TH et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Molecular mechanisms underlying behaviors related to nicotine addiction. | Picciotto MR et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| NCK2 is significantly associated with opiates addiction in African-origin men. | Liu Z et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Nicotine reduction: strategic research plan. | Hatsukami DK et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Nominal association with CHRNA4 variants and nicotine dependence. | Kamens HM et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Significant association of CHRNB3 variants with nicotine dependence in multiple ethnic populations. | Cui WY et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| The effect of nicotine on sensorimotor gating is modulated by a CHRNA3 polymorphism. | Petrovsky N et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Variants in the 15q25 gene cluster are associated with risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. | Jackson KJ et al. | β | 2013 | β |
| Alpha-5 and -3 nicotinic receptor gene variants predict nicotine dependence but not cessation: findings from the COMMIT cohort. | Bousman CA et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Association of IREB2 and CHRNA3/5 polymorphisms with COPD and COPD-related phenotypes in a Chinese Han population. | Zhou H et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Associations between variation in CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4, body mass index and blood pressure in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. | Kaakinen M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Association study of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes identifies a novel lung cancer susceptibility locus near CHRNA1 in African-Americans. | Walsh KM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| CHRNA3/5, IREB2, and ADCY2 are associated with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Poland. | Hardin M et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Chromosome 20 shows linkage with DSM-IV nicotine dependence in Finnish adult smokers. | Keskitalo-Vuokko K et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Development of novel pharmacotherapeutics for tobacco dependence: progress and future directions. | Harmey D et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Dissection of the phenotypic and genotypic associations with nicotinic dependence. | Chen LS et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Externalizing behaviors are associated with SNPs in the CHRNA5/CHRNA3/CHRNB4 gene cluster. | Stephens SH et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| From men to mice: CHRNA5/CHRNA3, smoking behavior and disease. | Ware JJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Gender-stratified gene and gene-treatment interactions in smoking cessation. | Lee W et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Genome-wide search for replicable risk gene regions in alcohol and nicotine co-dependence. | Zuo L et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Impact of human D398N single nucleotide polymorphism on intracellular calcium response mediated by Ξ±3Ξ²4Ξ±5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. | TammimΓ€ki A et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Insights into the neurobiology of the nicotinic cholinergic system and nicotine addiction from mice expressing nicotinic receptors harboring gain-of-function mutations. | Drenan RM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Large scale association analysis for drug addiction: results from SNP to gene. | Guo X et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Nicotine dependence and comorbid psychiatric disorders: examination of specific genetic variants in the CHRNA5-A3-B4 nicotinic receptor genes. | Chen LS et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Nicotinic Ξ±5 subunits drive developmental changes in the activation and morphology of prefrontal cortex layer VI neurons. | Bailey CD et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Optimizing cholinergic tone through lynx modulators of nicotinic receptors: implications for plasticity and nicotine addiction. | Miwa JM et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Overexpression of the CHRNA5/A3/B4 genomic cluster in mice increases the sensitivity to nicotine and modifies its reinforcing effects. | Gallego X et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Smoking cessation pharmacogenetics: analysis of varenicline and bupropion in placebo-controlled clinical trials. | King DP et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Striatal Ξ±5 nicotinic receptor subunit regulates dopamine transmission in dorsal striatum. | Exley R et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster and tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, inhalants and other substance use initiation: replication and new findings using mixture analyses. | Lubke GH et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| The genetics of substance dependence. | Wang JC et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Transgenic over expression of nicotinic receptor alpha 5, alpha 3, and beta 4 subunit genes reduces ethanol intake in mice. | Gallego X et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| Use of a predictive model derived from in vivo endophenotype measurements to demonstrate associations with a complex locus, CYP2A6. | Bloom AJ et al. | β | 2012 | β |
| A case-control study of a sex-specific association between a 15q25 variant and lung cancer risk. | Wei C et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Acetylcholine receptor (AChR) Ξ±5 subunit variant associated with risk for nicotine dependence and lung cancer reduces (Ξ±4Ξ²2)βΞ±5 AChR function. | Kuryatov A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| A CHRNA5 allele related to nicotine addiction and schizophrenia. | Hong LE et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Association of CHRNA4 polymorphisms with smoking behavior in two populations. | Han S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Association of the nicotine metabolite ratio and CHRNA5/CHRNA3 polymorphisms with smoking rate among treatment-seeking smokers. | Falcone M et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Associations of nicotine intake measures with CHRN genes in Finnish smokers. | Keskitalo-Vuokko K et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| A twin association study of nicotine dependence with markers in the CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 genes. | Maes HH et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Combined analysis of CHRNA5, CHRNA3 and CYP2A6 in relation to adolescent smoking behaviour. | Rodriguez S et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Genetic association of bipolar disorder with the Ξ²(3) nicotinic receptor subunit gene. | Hartz SM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| In vitro and ex vivo analysis of CHRNA3 and CHRNA5 haplotype expression. | Doyle GA et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Is the reduction of dimensionality to a small number of features always necessary in constructing predictive models for analysis of complex diseases or behaviours? | Zollanvari A et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Markers in the 15q24 nicotinic receptor subunit gene cluster (CHRNA5-A3-B4) predict severity of nicotine addiction and response to smoking cessation therapy. | Sarginson JE et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Nicotinic Ξ±5 receptor subunit mRNA expression is associated with distant 5' upstream polymorphisms. | Smith RM et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (5p15.33, 15q25.1, 6p22.1, 6q27 and 7p15.3) and lung cancer survival in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). | Xun WW et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Single nucleotide polymorphisms in CHRNA5 rs16969968, CHRNA3 rs578776, and LOC123688 rs8034191 are associated with heaviness of smoking in women in Northeastern Ontario, Canada. | Conlon MS et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Smoking related cancers and loci at chromosomes 15q25, 5p15, 6p22.1 and 6p21.33 in the Polish population. | Jaworowska E et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Treatment for tobacco dependence: a potential application for stratified medicine? | Brock AJ et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| TTC12-ANKK1-DRD2 and CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 influence different pathways leading to smoking behavior from adolescence to mid-adulthood. | Ducci F et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| Uncovering hidden variance: pair-wise SNP analysis accounts for additional variance in nicotine dependence. | Culverhouse RC et al. | β | 2011 | β |
| A second genetic variant on chromosome 15q24-25.1 associates with lung cancer. | Liu P et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association and interaction analysis of variants in CHRNA5/CHRNA3/CHRNB4 gene cluster with nicotine dependence in African and European Americans. | Li MD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of CHRN genes with "dizziness" to tobacco. | Ehringer MA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of the CHRNA3 locus with lung cancer risk and prognosis in Chinese Han population. | Niu X et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Convergence of genetic findings for nicotine dependence and smoking related diseases with chromosome 15q24-25. | Bierut LJ | β | 2010 | β |
| Dizziness genes. | Sand PG | β | 2010 | β |
| From smoking to lung cancer: the CHRNA5/A3/B4 connection. | Improgo MR et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Genome-wide meta-analyses identify multiple loci associated with smoking behavior. | Tobacco and Genetics Consortium | β | 2010 | β |
| Incorporating age at onset of smoking into genetic models for nicotine dependence: evidence for interaction with multiple genes. | Grucza RA et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Meta-analysis of 15 genome-wide linkage scans of smoking behavior. | Han S et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Multiple cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes affect nicotine dependence risk in African and European Americans. | Saccone NL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Multiple independent loci at chromosome 15q25.1 affect smoking quantity: a meta-analysis and comparison with lung cancer and COPD. | Saccone NL et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors as pharmacotherapeutic targets for the treatment of alcohol use disorders. | Chatterjee S et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Peer smoking and the nicotinic receptor genes: an examination of genetic and environmental risks for nicotine dependence. | Johnson EO et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Promoter polymorphisms and transcript levels of nicotinic receptor CHRNA5. | Falvella FS et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Replication of lung cancer susceptibility loci at chromosomes 15q25, 5p15, and 6p21: a pooled analysis from the International Lung Cancer Consortium. | Truong T et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Resequencing of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes and association of common and rare variants with the FagerstrΓΆm test for nicotine dependence. | Wessel J et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Sensorimotor gating is associated with CHRNA3 polymorphisms in schizophrenia and healthy volunteers. | Petrovsky N et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The Health Effect of Psychostimulants: A Literature Review. | Favrod-Coune T et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The impact of smoking in Crohn's disease: no smoke without fire. | Aldhous MC et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha5 subunit plays a key role in attention circuitry and accuracy. | Bailey CD et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor CHRNA5/A3/B4 gene cluster: dual role in nicotine addiction and lung cancer. | Improgo MR et al. | β | 2010 | β |
| Association of serum cotinine level with a cluster of three nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes (CHRNA3/CHRNA5/CHRNB4) on chromosome 15. | Keskitalo K et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| A testable prognostic model of nicotine dependence. | Ramoni RB et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| [Comorbidity of substance use disorders and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders: pathogenesis and therapy]. | Fallgatter AJ et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Interplay of Genetic Risk Factors and Parent Monitoring in Risk for Nicotine Dependence. | Chen LS et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| Nicotine dependence and genetic variation in the nicotinic receptors. | Bierut LJ | β | 2009 | β |
| Promise of pharmacogenomics in smoking cessation. | Uhl GR | β | 2009 | β |
| Risk for nicotine dependence and lung cancer is conferred by mRNA expression levels and amino acid change in CHRNA5. | Wang JC et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| The CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 nicotinic receptor subunit gene cluster affects risk for nicotine dependence in African-Americans and in European-Americans. | Saccone NL et al. | β | 2009 | β |
| In search of causal variants: refining disease association signals using cross-population contrasts. | Saccone NL et al. | β | 2008 | β |